Implementation of the Fit Body and Soul, a Church-Based Life Style Program for Diabetes Prevention in High-Risk African Americans

It is well established that individuals who have prediabetes either impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG) have high risk to develop diabetes. However, it is unclear whether the rate of progression to diabetes is different between these two categories. Lifestyle modification has been recommended for diabetes prevention in these high-risk groups. However, given the differences in their pathophysiology, it is possible that these subtypes of prediabetes condition may have different responses to lifestyle modification. The present review was to summarize the risk of progression to diabetes and the effectiveness of lifestyle intervention for diabetes prevention in individuals who have isolated IGT or isolated IFG or combined. The risk of progression to diabetes is highest in combined IFG and IGT subtype. Individuals who have isolated IFG by the American Diabetes Association criteria (100 to 125 mg/dl) has lower risk of progression to diabetes than those with World Health Organization criteria (110 to 125 mg/dl) and the latter has similar or higher risk of incident diabetes than those with isolated IGT. Lifestyle modification is most effective in individuals with IGT (with or without IFG) but is less effective in those with isolated IFG. In conclusion, The risk of progression to diabetes and the effectiveness of lifestyle intervention for diabetes prevention are disparate between prediabetes subtypes. Given the paucity of diabetes prevention data in individuals with isolated IFG, more studies dedicated to this subtype is required. Keywords: Impaired fasting glucose, Impaired glucose tolerance, Prediabetes, Type 2 diabetes, Lifestyle intervention, Diabetes prevention

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Nebivolol in High-Risk, Obese African Americans With Stage 1 Hypertension: Effects on Blood Pressure, Vascular Compliance, and Endothelial Function

Journal of Clinical Hypertension ◽

10.1111/j.1751-7176.2009.00198.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 720-725 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Nadya Merchant ◽

Charles D. Searles ◽

Anbu Pandian ◽

Syed T. Rahman ◽

Keith C. Ferdinand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

High Risk ◽

African Americans ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Vascular Compliance ◽

Stage 1

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Abstract P159: Coronary Artery Calcium Score Improves the Net Reclassification Index of Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease In African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap159 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Joseph Yeboah ◽

Che L Smith ◽

Mario Sims ◽

Ervin Fox ◽

Yaorong Ge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

High Risk ◽

African Americans ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Coronary Artery Calcium ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Jackson Heart Study ◽

Net Reclassification Improvement ◽

Heart Study

Background: Prior studies suggest that African Americans (AA) have lower prevalence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) compared to whites, yet CAC has similar ability to predict coronary heart disease (CHD) events. The role of CAC as a screening tool for CHD risk in AA is unclear. We compared the diagnostic accuracy for CHD prevalence using the CAC score and the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in an adult population of AA. Methods: CAC was measured in 2944 participants in the Jackson Heart Study, an NHLBI funded study of AA based in Jackson, MS. Approximately 8% of this cohort had known cardiovascular disease (CVD) defined as prior MI, angina, stroke, PTCA, CABG or PVD. Logistic regression, ROC and net reclassification index (NRI) analysis were used adjusting for age, gender, SBP, total and HDL cholesterol, smoking status, DM and BMI. FRS was calculated and those with DM were classified as high risk. Results: The mean age was 60, 65% were females, 26% had DM, 50% were obese and 30% were current or former smokers. Prevalent CVD was associated with older age, higher SBP, lower HDL and total cholesterol, and higher CAC. CAC was independently associated with prevalent CVD in our multivariable model [OR (95% CI): 1.26 (1.17, 1.35), p< 0.0001]. In ROC analysis, CAC improved the diagnostic accuracy (c statistic) of the FRS from 0.617 to 0.757 (p < 0.0001) for prevalent CVD. The FRS classified 30% of the cohort as high risk, 38.5% as intermediate risk and 31.5% as low risk. FRS classfied 51% of subjects with prevalent CVD as high risk. Addition of CAC to FRS resulted in net reclassification improvement of 4% for subjects with known CVD and 28.5% in those without CVD (see figure). Conclusion: In AA, the CAC is independently associated with prevalent CVD and improves the diagnostic accuracy of FRS for prevalent CVD by 14%. Addition of CAC improves the NRI of those with prevalent CVD by 4% and the NRI of individuals without CVD by 28.5%. Determination of CAC in AA may be useful in identifying individuals at risk of CVD and reclassifying individuals with low and intermediate FRS.

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The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in African-Americans at High Risk for Type II Diabetes: Implications for syndrome X

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/diacare.20.5.745 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 745-752 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

T. R. Gaillard ◽

D. P. Schuster ◽

B. M. Bossetti ◽

P. A. Green ◽

K. Osei

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

High Risk ◽

African Americans ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Syndrome X ◽

Type Ii ◽

The Impact

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Is There a Relationship between Breastfeeding Status and Life Style Changes, Eating Behaviors, Attitudes, and Orthorexia Nervosa tendencies of Mothers? A Web Based Study

10.22541/au.160624626.69634204/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tuba FENERCIOGLU EKEN ◽

Duygu AYHAN BASER ◽

İsmail KASIM ◽

İrfan SENCAN ◽

Adem ÖZKARA

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Life Style ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Risk Group ◽

Eating Attitudes ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Eating Attitude ◽

General Level ◽

Life Style Changes ◽

Main Meal

Objective: It was aimed to compare the breastfeeding status and healthy life style changes, eating behaviors, attitudes, and orthorectic tendencies of mothers. Materials and Methods: All volunteered mothers who have a child between the ages of 0 and 2 were included in this cross-sectional study. 514 individuals were included. Five parted questionnaire and “ORTO-11” test and “Eating Attitude Test” was used. Results: A statistically significant relationship was found between breastfeeding status and working status and professions of mothers. Mothers who did not breastfeed, skipped main meal more frequently, and smoking and occasional alcohol consumption was higher. The mean score of the participants on the ORTO-11 scale was 25.09 ± 4.80, EAT-40 scale mean score was 18.80 ± 10.42. High risk in eating attitudes was found in 12.0% of all participants. It was observed that mothers who did not breastfeed were mostly in high risk group in terms of eating attitude. Conclusion: Mothers who did not breastfeed were mostly in high risk group in terms of eating attitude compared to breastfeeding mothers. It is of great importance that healthcare professionals organize trainings for increasing the general level of knowledge of mothers and provide healthy living and breastfeeding counseling.

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A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Preventive Aspect of Amalaki Swarasa and Haridra Churna with Madhu in Pre-diabetes (Borderline Type2 DM)

International Journal of Health Sciences and Research ◽

10.52403//ijhsr.20210810 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 67-78

Author(s):

Swathi. M. Somayaji

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Clinical Study ◽

High Risk ◽

Key Words ◽

Fast Food ◽

Diabetes Prevention ◽

Lifestyle Modification ◽

Calorie Intake ◽

Borderline Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is rising to an alarming epidemic level. Pre-diabetes (intermediate hyperglycemia) is a high-risk state for diabetes that is defined by glycemic variables that are higher than normal, but lower than diabetes thresholds. It stems up in persons who are physically inactive, obese, takes more kaphakara medokara abhishyandi ahara. Diabetes if not treated can cause a severe burden on society. The rising prevalence is closely associated with urbanization because of increasing obesity and inclination towards fast food. For pre-diabetic individuals, lifestyle modification is the cornerstone of diabetes prevention. Physical activity and decreased calorie intake can reduce the occurrence of Diabetes. So an attempt was made to find out the efficacy of Amalaki swarasa and haridra churna with madhu in pre-diabetes (borderline diabetes) Key words: Pre-Diabetes, Amalaki, Haridra, Madhu, Borderline Diabetes Mellitus.

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