Personal Models of Diabetes Among Older Adults: Relationship to Self-Management and Other Variables

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Hampson ◽  
Russell E. Glasgow ◽  
Lyn S. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Blood Glucose Testing

The purpose of this study was to test whether older patients' personal models of diabetes predict their levels of self-management activities (dietary intake, physical activity, and blood glucose testing) and glycemic control. The Personal Models of Diabetes Interview (PMDI) was administered on two occasions to 78 patients (≥60 years) with non- insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Self-management behaviors, quality of life, and affect were assessed on the second occasion and at 4 months. Glycemic control was assessed at 4 months. Three constructs of the PMDI (cause, treatment effectiveness, and seriousness) were correlated significantly with several aspects of quality of life and with negative affect. Personal models, especially beliefs regarding treatment effectiveness, were predictive of dietary intake and physical activity but not blood glucose testing. Assessing patients' personal models is valuable for individualizing education and counseling for nutrition and physical activity, and selecting strategies consistent with patients' perspectives.

Cardiometabolic and Anthropometric Outcomes of Intermittent Fasting among Overweight and Obese Civil Servants in Malaysia (CAIFA): Study Protocol for A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shazana Rifham Abdullah ◽  
Nur Hayati Azizul ◽  
Ruziana Mona Wan Mohd Zin ◽  
Nur Suffia Sulaiman ◽  
Norhayati Mustafa Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Intermittent Fasting

BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity among adults is a growing global public health threat and an essential risk factor for various non-communicable diseases. Although intermittent fasting is a generally new dietary approach to weight management that has been increasingly practised worldwide, the effectiveness of two-days per week dry fasting is still unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the cardiometabolic, anthropometric, dietary intake and quality of life changes among overweight and obese civil servants following combined Intermittent Fasting and Healthy Plate (IFHP) and Healthy Plate (HP), and to explore the participants’ experience. METHODS We designed a mixed-method quasi-experimental study that evaluates the effectiveness of IFHP and HP methods among overweight and obese adults. A total of 177 participants were recruited in this study, of which 91 were allocated in the IFHP group and 86 in the HP group. The intervention comprised two phases; supervised (12 weeks) and unsupervised (12 weeks). The data collection was conducted during baseline, after the supervised phase (at week 12), and after the unsupervised phase (at week 24). For each participant, serum and whole blood were collected for analysis. Data on socio-demographic, quality of life, physical activity and dietary intake were also obtained using questionnaires during data collection. RESULTS The majority of the participants were females (n=147, 83.7%) and Malays (n=141, 79.6%). The expected outcomes of this study are changes in body weight, body compositions, quality of life, physical activity, dietary intake and cardiometabolic parameters such as fasting blood glucose, 2-hour post prandial blood glucose, HbA1C, fasting insulin and lipid profile. CONCLUSIONS The CAIFA study is a mixed-method study to evaluate the effectiveness of intermittent fasting on cardiometabolic and anthropometric parameters and to explore participants’ experience throughout the study. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05034653

scholarly journals Flash Glucose Monitoring: A Review of the Literature with a Special Focus on Type 1 Diabetes

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Mancini ◽  
Maria Berioli ◽  
Elisa Santi ◽  
Francesco Rogari ◽  
Giada Toni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Flash Glucose Monitoring

In people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), obtaining good glycemic control is essential to reduce the risk of acute and chronic complications. Frequent glucose monitoring allows the adjustment of insulin therapy to improve metabolic control with near-normal blood glucose concentrations. The recent development of innovative technological devices for the management of T1DM provides new opportunities for patients and health care professionals to improve glycemic control and quality of life. Currently, in addition to traditional self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) through a glucometer, there are new strategies to measure glucose levels, including the detection of interstitial glucose through Continuous Glucose Monitoring (iCGM) or Flash Glucose Monitoring (FGM). In this review, we analyze current evidence on the efficacy and safety of FGM, with a special focus on T1DM. FGM is an effective tool with great potential for the management of T1DM both in the pediatric and adult population that can help patients to improve metabolic control and quality of life. Although FGM might not be included in the development of an artificial pancreas and some models of iCGM are more accurate than FGM and preferable in some specific situations, FGM represents a cheaper and valid alternative for selected patients. In fact, FGM provides significantly more data than the intermittent results obtained by SMBG, which may not capture intervals of extreme variability or nocturnal events. With the help of a log related to insulin doses, meal intake, physical activity and stress factors, people can achieve the full benefits of FGM and work together with health care professionals to act upon the information provided by the sensor. The graphs and trends available with FGM better allow an understanding of how different factors (e.g., physical activity, diet) impact glycemic control, consequently motivating patients to take charge of their health.

scholarly journals Does a ketogenic diet have any adverse effect on quality of life, physical activity, or biochemical factors in patients with breast cancer? A randomized controlled trial.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeleh Khodabakhshi ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari ◽  
Thomas N. Seyfried ◽  
Maryam Mahmoudi ◽  
Miriam Kalamian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Ketogenic Diets ◽  
Global Quality Of Life

Abstract Introduction: Despite the potential benefits of ketogenic diets (KDs) for cancer, evidence of its effects on quality of life is lacking. This study has aimed to find out whether KD has adverse effects on quality of life, physical activity, and biomarkers in patients with breast cancer.Method: A total of 80 patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer were randomly assigned to either a KD or a control group for this 12-week trial. Concurrent with the first, third, and fifth chemotherapy sessions (12-week), the quality of life, physical activity, and biomarkers (thyroid function tests, electrolytes, albumin, ammonia, ALP, lactate and serum ketones) were assessed. Dietary intake was also recorded on admission and the end of the treatment.Results: No significant differences were seen in the quality of life or physical activity between the two groups after 12 weeks; however, the KD group showed a better global quality of life compared to the control group at 6 weeks (P=0.02). Also, serum lactate and ALP levels decreased significantly in KD group compared to the control group after intervention (10.7±3 vs 13.3±4, 149±71 vs 240±164, P=0.02 and P=0.007, respectively). KD did not have any negative impact on thyroid hormones, electrolytes, or physical activity. Compliance among KD subjects ranged from 66.7% to 79.2% as assessed by dietary intake and serum ketones levels of >0.5.Conclusion: According to our results, chemotherapy combined with KD does not negatively impact the quality of life, physical activity, or biomarkers tracked during our study. Ketosis may improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer in part by decreasing lactate and ALP.

scholarly journals Digital Self-Management Support Tools in the Care Plan of Patients With Cancer: Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

10.2196/20861 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. e20861
Author(s):  
Danielle JM Adriaans ◽  
Angelique TM Dierick-van Daele ◽  
Marc Johannes Hubertus Maria van Bakel ◽  
Grard AP Nieuwenhuijzen ◽  
Joep AW Teijink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Support Tools

Background Digital self-management support tools (DSMSTs)—electronic devices or monitoring systems to monitor or improve health status—have become increasingly important in cancer care. Objective The aim of this review is to analyze published randomized clinical trials to assess the effectiveness of DSMSTs on physical and psychosocial symptoms or other supportive care needs in adult patients with cancer. Methods Five databases were searched from January 2013 to January 2020. English or Dutch language randomized controlled trials comparing DSMSTs with no intervention, usual care, alternative interventions, or a combination and including patients aged ≥18 years with pathologically proven cancer in the active treatment or survivorship phases were included. The results were summarized qualitatively. Results A total of 19 publications describing 3 types of DSMSTs were included. Although the content, duration, and frequency of interventions varied considerably across studies, the commonly used elements included an assessment component, tailored symptom self-management support, an information section, a communication section, and a diary. Significant positive effects were observed on quality of life in 6 (out of 10) studies, on anxiety in 1 (out of 5) study and depression in 2 (out of 8) studies, on symptom distress in 5 (out of 7) studies, on physical activity in 4 (out of 6) studies, on dietary behavior in 1 (out of 4) study, and on fatigue in 2 (out of 5) studies. Moreover, significant negative effects were observed on anxiety in 1 (out of 5) study and depression in 1 (out of 8) study. Most interventions were web-based interventions; 2 studies used mobile apps, and 1 study used a game as a DSMST. The overall quality of the studies was found to be good, with 13 out of 19 studies classified as high quality. Conclusions This review suggests that DSMSTs have a beneficial effect on the quality of life. For effects on other patient outcomes (eg, anxiety and depression, symptom distress, physical activity, dietary behavior, and fatigue), the evidence is inconsistent and limited or no effect is suggested. Future research should focus on specific tumor types, study different types of interventions separately, and assess the effects of specific interventions at different stages of disease progression.

scholarly journals Does a ketogenic diet have beneficial effects on quality of life, physical activity or biomarkers in patients with breast cancer: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
adeleh khodabakhshi ◽  
Thomas N. Seyfried ◽  
Miriam Kalamian ◽  
maryam mahmoudi ◽  
Sayed Hossein Davoodi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Global Quality ◽  
Global Quality Of Life

Abstract Introduction: Despite recent interest in the use of ketogenic diets (KDs) for cancer, evidence of beneficial effects is lacking. This study examined the impact of a randomly assigned KD on quality of life, physical activity and biomarkers in patients with breast cancer.Method: A total of 80 patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer and without a history of renal disease or diabetes were randomly assigned to either a KD or a control group for this 12-week trial. Concurrent with the first, third, and fifth chemotherapy sessions, quality of life, physical activity, and biomarkers (thyroid function tests, electrolytes, albumin, ammonia, ALP, lactate and serum ketones) were assessed. Dietary intake was also recorded on admission and the end of the treatment.Results: No significant differences were seen in quality of life or physical activity scores between the two groups after 12 weeks; however, the KD group showed higher global quality of life and physical activity scores compared to the control group at 6 weeks (P=0.02 P= 0.01). Also, serum lactate and ALP levels decreased significantly in the KD group compared to the control group at the end of the intervention (10.7±3 vs 13.3±4, 149±71 vs 240±164, P=0.02 and P=0.007, respectively). A significant inverse association was observed between total carbohydrate intake and serum beta-hydroxybutyrate at 12 weeks (r= -0.77 P <0.001). No significant differences between groups were observed in thyroid hormones, electrolytes, albumin, LDH or ammonia. Compliance among KD subjects ranged from 66.7% to 79.2% as assessed by dietary intake and serum ketones levels of >0.5.Conclusion: According to our results, besides a higher global quality of life and physical activity scores compared to the control group at 6 weeks, KD diet combined to chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer does not bring additional benefit about quality of life and physical activity at 12 weeks. However, decreases seen in levels of lactate and ALP in the KD group suggest that a KD may benefit patients with breast cancer.

Changes in Body Adiposity, Dietary Intake, Physical Activity and Quality of Life of Obese Individuals Submitted to Intragastric Balloon Therapy for 6 Months

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Rodrigues Guedes ◽  
Ricardo José Fittipaldi-Fernandez ◽  
Cristina Fajardo Diestel ◽  
Márcia Regina Simas Torres Klein
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Intragastric Balloon ◽  
Body Adiposity

scholarly journals Quality of Life, Wishes, and Needs in Women with Gestational Diabetes: Italian DAWN Pregnancy Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lapolla ◽  
G. Di Cianni ◽  
A. Di Benedetto ◽  
I. Franzetti ◽  
A. Napoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Blood Glucose Testing

The DAWN (Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs) study is a survey promoted by the International Diabetes Federation to recognize the perceptions and attitudes of people suffering from diabetes mellitus. In this context, we evaluated the quality of life of Italian and immigrant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Information was gathered using a structured questionnaire for patients’ self-compilation. In a 3-month period, a 51-item questionnaire was submitted to 198 Italians and 88 immigrants (from 27 different foreign nationalities). Italian women were older and had higher education than the immigrants. 60% of the Italians and 38% of the immigrants had a family history of diabetes mellitus. In both groups, the diagnosis of GDM caused anxiety; one-third of women feared their child could contract diabetes at delivery and/or have congenital malformations. Some women had trouble in following treatment regimens: the major concern being dietary advice and blood glucose testing. Most women were satisfied (34%) or highly satisfied (60%) with the quality of care, although the degree of cooperation between diabetes specialists and gynaecologists was considered sometimes unsatisfactory. In order to optimize maternal and foetal outcomes, educational projects and improved communication between patients and the healthcare provider team are recommended.

Self-management activities in diabetes care: a systematic review

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meaghan E. Coyle ◽  
Karen Francis ◽  
Ysanne Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Over Time

Objective To identify the range of self-management activities people diagnosed with diabetes engage in to manage their disease, the frequency of use, and whether self-management practices change over time. Methods A systematic review of the literature was undertaken. Thirty-two studies identified through electronic databases met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Results The study found that people living with diabetes undertake regular self-management activities and that compliance with medication regimes is high. Adherence, however, varied with respect to blood glucose testing, diet, physical activity and foot care. Levels of physical activity were not found to change over time. Evidence suggests that some people with diabetes modify their self-management practices in response to factors such as holidays. Conclusions The review suggests that the majority of people with diabetes self-manage, although there is variation in adherence to key self-management activities. How self-management practices change over time and whether this impacts on health outcomes is an area for future research. What is known about the topic? Self-management is key to diabetes control; however, many papers have described adherence as variable. Although there is a growing body of knowledge on adherence to self-management strategies, the question of whether self-management practices change over time has not been explored. What does this paper add? This review found that adherence to medication regimes was highest of all self-management strategies, whereas considerable variation exists for self-monitoring of blood glucose, dietary changes, physical activity and foot care. The findings suggest that adherence varies under special circumstances; however, the question of whether self-management practices change over time remains unanswered. What are the implications for practitioners? Continued efforts are necessary to promote awareness of the importance of diabetes self-management and adherence to regular self-care.

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