Psychological Well-Being in the Early Life Course: Variations by Socioeconomic Status, Gender, and Race/Ethnicity

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane D. Mcleod ◽  
Timothy J. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Race Ethnicity

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Psychological Well-Being: Testing Alternative Sociological Interpretations

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
William McTeer ◽  
James E. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Zero ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the relationship between physical activity in sport and feelings of well-being, testing alternative interpretations of the relationship between these two variables. It was expected that there would be positive relationships between physical activity on the one hand and physical fitness, feelings of well-being, social interaction in the sport and exercise environment, and socioeconomic status on the other hand. It was also expected that physical fitness, social interaction, and socioeconomic status would be positively related to psychological well-being. Further, it was expected that any positive zero-order relationship of physical activity and well-being would be at least in part a result of the conjoint effects of the other variables. The analyses were conducted separately for the male and female subsamples of a large survey study of Canadian adults. The results, after controls, show a modest positive relationship of physical activity and well-being for males but no such relationship for females. The predicted independent effects of the control factors obtained for both males and females. Interpretations of the results are discussed.

Association between Socioeconomic Status and Psychological Distress among Rwandan Refugees in Zambia: a Gender Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-59
Author(s):  
Victor Mwanamwambwa ◽  
Basil Joseph Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Psychological Well Being

Urban refugees face several challenges which affect their emotional, social, and psychological well-being. This study utilised a quantitative cross-sectional design. The study assessed the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and psychological distress from a gender perspective among Rwandan refugees in Lusaka, Zambia. Two hundred and sixty-seven refugees between 18 and 65(M=33.99 years) participated in the study. The sample comprised men (47.9%) and women (52.1%) who were selected from Lusaka townships using purposive and convenience sampling techniques. SES was measured by assessing participants’ educational attainment, occupational status or employment, income, and financial support, whereas subjective psychological distress was evaluated using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Framed within the feminist and the ecological systems perspectives, the study established an association between SES and psychological distress. The proportions of female participants in the lower education and unemployment categories and lower-income bracket were considerably higher than males in the same category. Similarly, the study revealed that the proportion of females (27%) with severe depression was higher than males (19%). However, the gender difference was negligible with other subscales such as the somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, and social dysfunction. Bivariate associations revealed well-established gender differences, where women with low education and financial support reported higher levels of psychological distress. Multivariate analysis revealed that employment predicted a lower level of psychological distress in both men and women. The findings highlight that refugees’ access to employment is an essential factor in determining psychological well-being. Well-defined intervention strategies by government and humanitarian bodies are critical and should aim to empower refugees towards easy access to formal and informal labour market opportunities.

scholarly journals Obesity, race/ethnicity and life course socioeconomic status across the transition from adolescence to adulthood

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Scharoun-Lee ◽  
J S Kaufman ◽  
B M Popkin ◽  
P Gordon-Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Race Ethnicity

scholarly journals Determinants of psychological well-being in axial spondyloarthritis: an analysis based on linked claims and patient-reported survey data

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 1017-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imke Redeker ◽  
Falk Hoffmann ◽  
Johanna Callhoff ◽  
Hildrun Haibel ◽  
Joachim Sieper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Health Insurance Data ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Patient Reported

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the psychological well-being and to analyse factors associated with depressive symptoms in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).MethodsA stratified random sample of subjects with a diagnosis of axSpA (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, German Modification M45) was drawn from health insurance data in Germany. These persons received a postal questionnaire on disease-related, psychological and lifestyle factors as well as socioeconomic status. Additional information to verify the axSpA diagnosis was also collected. The psychological well-being was assessed by means of the 5-item WHO Well-Being Index (WHO-5), which is considered a screening tool for depression. The following established cut-offs on the WHO-5 were applied: >50: good well-being, no depressive symptoms; 29–50: mild depressive symptoms; ≤28: moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms. Information on comorbidities, drug prescriptions and non-pharmacological treatment was retrieved from claims data and linked to the questionnaire data.ResultsA total of 1736 persons with a confirmed axSpA diagnosis were included. Using the cut-offs on the WHO-5, 533 persons (31%) were found to have moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms, 479 (28%) had mild depressive symptoms and 724 (42%) had a good well-being. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that higher disease activity, higher level of functional impairment, lower income, self-reported stress and lack of exercise, and younger age represent factors associated with moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms.ConclusionsThe prevalence of depressive symptoms in axSpA subjects is high and associated with disease-related parameters, socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors. These findings highlight the need for the careful evaluation of depressive symptoms as a part of the management strategy for axSpA.

scholarly journals Early-Life Socioeconomic Status and Adult Physiological Functioning: A Life Course Examination of Biosocial Mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Claire Yang ◽  
Karen Gerken ◽  
Kristen Schorpp ◽  
Courtney Boen ◽  
Kathleen Mullan Harris
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Early Life

scholarly journals Retirement as a lens for socioeconomic differences in Cognition and well-being

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie König ◽  
Magnus Lindwall ◽  
Georg Henning ◽  
Boo Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Role ◽  
Socioeconomic Differences ◽  
Health Aging ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Life Course

This study conceptualizes retirement as a lens with regard to patterns of social inequality across the life course. It investigates if socioeconomic differences in well-being and cognitive performance differ between older workers and retirees, using data from the HEARTS (Health, Aging and Retire- ment Transitions in Sweden) study. The results provide evidence for retirement as a positive lenswith regard to cognition, following the ‘use it or lose it’ hypothesis. We also find evidence for retire- ment as a negative lens with regard to well-being, supporting the cumulative (dis-)advantages theory.We test different aspects of socioeconomic status, that is, education, income, occupationalgroup, and subjective work aspects and find the strongest effects for education. Hence, this studycontributes with an understanding of mechanisms behind social inequalities over the life-course by using retirement and the loss of the work role as a marker for potential change

scholarly journals Early-life circumstances and their effect over the life course

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia Torche
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Life Course Approach ◽  
Life Circumstances ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Research And Policy

The idea that early-life circumstances shape people’s health, development, and well-being over the life course has gained renewed centrality in the last two decades. This renewed interest has been informed by new approaches that emphasize sensitive and critical periods during the first years of life, offer an understanding of human development as a hierarchical and cross-fertilizing process, suggest plausible mechanisms for the persistent effect of early exposures, and explore heterogeneity in effects based on environmental and biological factors. The articles included in this special issue of Population Research and Policy Review advance the field of early-life circumstances in several important dimensions. They examine the determinants and effects of noxious exposures at different developmental stages—ranging from the prenatal period to adolescence—in a variety of national settings. They offer an understanding of early-life circumstances that moves from discrete outcomes to a dynamic life-course approach, and consider diverse sources of heterogeneity in the effects of early exposures.

Resilience and Socioeconomic Status as Predictors of Life Satisfaction and Psychological Well-Being in Colombian Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Fernanda Reyes ◽  
Encarnación Satorres ◽  
Juan C. Meléndez
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Cultural Aspects

Well-being is a complex construct related to sociodemographic and cultural aspects that vary across cultures. Latin America is a region with high social inequalities among population groups, although this varies significantly depending on the country. This article proposes a model that seeks to establish the relationship between psychosocial variables, psychological well-being, and life satisfaction in a sample of Colombian older adults. The model explores associations between resilience, socioeconomic status, life satisfaction, and psychological well-being. A study with a sample of 617 Colombian older adults was conducted. A structural equation modeling technique was performed. The results showed a model in which life satisfaction is positively explained by psychological well-being and resilience, whereas psychological well-being is explained by a higher socio-economic status. The results contribute to the evidence about how well-being is determined by psychosocial and cultural factors. The evidence found represents novel information about older adults in Colombia.

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