scholarly journals Conscientious Objection to Animal Testing: A Preliminary Survey Among Italian Medical and Veterinary Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Baldelli ◽  
Bartolomeo Biolatti ◽  
Pierluigi Santi ◽  
Giovanni Murialdo ◽  
Anna Maria Bassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Veterinary Students ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Italian Law ◽  
The Right

The use of animals for educational and research purposes is common in both veterinary and human medicine degree courses, and one that involves important ethical considerations. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of differences between the knowledge and attitudes of veterinary students and medical students on animal bioethics, on alternative strategies and on their right to conscientiously object to animal experimentation. To this end, a questionnaire was completed by 733 students (384 human medicine students (HMS) and 349 veterinary medicine students (VMS)). VMS were more aware than HMS (72.2% and 59.6%, respectively) of the existence of an Italian law on the right to conscientiously object to animal experimentation. However, very few of them had exercised this right. Many VMS (43.3%) felt that animal bioethics courses should be mandatory (only 17.4% of HMS felt the same way). More VMS than HMS (81.7% and 59.1%, respectively) expressed an interest in attending a course on alternatives to animal experimentation. The data suggest the need for appropriate educational interventions, in order to allow students to make choices based on ethical principles. Fostering close collaborations between departments of human medicine and veterinary medicine, for example, through shared study modules, could promote the development of ethical competence as a basic skill of students of both veterinary and human medicine courses.

scholarly journals Biphasic malignant melanoma adenocarcinoma in the digit of a dog

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-318
Author(s):  
David B. Needle ◽  
Olga Iglikova ◽  
Andrew D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
Distinct Population ◽  
Histologic Evaluation ◽  
The Right

A 7-y-old Black Russian Terrier dog was evaluated for chronic lameness of the right forelimb and concurrent weight loss. Clinical examination revealed a pigmented mass arising from digit 4 of the right forelimb; the digit was amputated and submitted for histologic evaluation. Histologically, the neoplasm was composed of ill-defined streams, sheets, and clusters of melanocytes admixed with a distinct population of malignant epithelial cells forming glands and nests. The diagnosis was a biphasic malignant melanoma adenocarcinoma, a rarely reported neoplasm in human medicine that has not been described in veterinary medicine, to our knowledge.

FOALS ARE GETTING HELP

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. A96-A96
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Twin Brother ◽  
Pennsylvania Hospital ◽  
The University

KENNETT SQUARE, Pa.—Nearly as rare as the colt that grows up to be a racing champion is the birth of twin foals. Yet a tiny and brave filly and her weaker twin brother grow stronger every day here in an intensive care unit for newborn horses. Established in 1983 and directed . . . by Dr. Wendy E. Vaala, a . . . veterinarian, the University of Pennsylvania's intensive care unit for foals was built. . . . It is one of only seven such units in the country, and they have led to the development of a new specialty in veterinary medicine—equine neonatology. Recipes for formula fed to foals were borrowed from those used at the University of Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia. The intensive care unit uses ultrasound equipment, heart monitors and other devices commonly used in human neonatal medicine. Treatments for infections, poisoning, ulcers, birth defects, even difficult births were adopted from human medicine. . . . But there are no incubators. . . .The foals are too active.

scholarly journals Comparing knowledge and attitudes to dementia care in Brazilian and UK GPs to guide future decisions about educational interventions

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Ferrari Jacinto ◽  
Adam Lee Gordon ◽  
Rajvinder Samra ◽  
Ana Beatriz Steiner ◽  
Vania Ferreira de Sá Mayoral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes

scholarly journals Obstructive sleep apnea knowledge and attitudes among recent medical graduates training in Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Chérrez-Ojeda ◽  
Juan Carlos Calderón ◽  
Andrea Fernández García ◽  
Donna B. Jeffe ◽  
Ilka Santoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical School ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Clinical Disorder ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Recent Graduates ◽  
Practicing Physicians

Background: We aimed to assess recent Latin American medical school graduates’ knowledge and attitudes about OSA and examine whether their knowledge and attitudes about OSA differed from practicing physicians. Methods: Recent medical graduates completed the Spanish translation of the OSA Knowledge and Attitudes (OSAKA) questionnaire at the 2013 national primary-care residency-placement meeting in Ecuador. The OSAKA includes 18 knowledge and five attitudinal items about OSA. We compared recent graduates’ data with data collected in 2010–2011 from practicing physicians using chi-square tests of associations among categorical variables and analysis of variance of differences in mean knowledge and attitude scores. Unadjusted logistic regression models tested the odds that recent graduates (vs. practicing physicians) answered each item correctly. Results: Of 265 recent graduates, 138 (52.1%) were male, and mean age was 25.9 years. Although mean knowledge was low overall, scores were lower for recent graduates than for the 367 practicing physicians (53.5% vs. 60.4%; p < 0.001). Practicing physicians were significantly more likely to answer specific items correctly with one exception—recent graduates were more likely to know that < 5 apneas-hypopneas/h is normal (OR 1.47, 1. 03–2.07). Physicians in practice attributed greater importance to OSA as clinical disorder and the need for identifying patients with OSA; but recent graduates reported greater confidence in managing patients with OSA and CPAP. Conclusions: OSA-focused educational interventions during medical school should help to improve recent medical graduates’ abilities to diagnose and treat OSA. We recommend a greater number of hours of medical students’ exposure to sleep education.

scholarly journals Legal Status of Minor Testator’s Parents Deprived of Parental Authority in Intestate Succession. Some Remarks on the Solutions in Polish, Russian, and Italian Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-134
Author(s):  
Hanna Witczak
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Parental Authority ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Italian Law ◽  
Parental Obligations ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Minor

The legal situation of minor testator’s parents in intestate succession poses a significant legal and social problem. In Polish law, parents who have been deprived of parental authority continue to enjoy their civil-law status; in other words, they maintain the right to inherit from their child under statute. Meanwhile, the reasons for which the court applied the strictest possible “sanction” in the form of deprivation of authority of parents who, in exercising their rights under parental authority, seriously violated the child’s interest or grossly neglected parental obligations, which is noticeable even to an ordinary bystander, seem to be sufficient “proof” that family ties, which are decisive for the statutory title to inherit, do not exist. If these ties are severed or seriously disrupted, the consequences should be seen in all areas of life. Simply put, persons who deliberately break apart the family should not enjoy the advantages that the law provides for testator’s closest relatives. In such a case, to consider the effect of deprivation of parental authority by “releasing” its holders from any obligation towards the child may not be considered a sufficient civil sanction, especially given that in the vast majority of cases, the reason for such deprivation is gross neglect of parental duties by one or both parents. The consequences of this type of negligence should also, if not primarily, consist in the deprivation of pecuniary benefits that the parents of a minor could enjoy after his or her death. The current legal solutions governing this area undoubtedly need to be revised. Such imperfect normative solutions adopted in Polish law prove the need to propose de lege ferenda recommendations. In this context, it is worthwhile to have a look at the normative solutions adopted in foreign legal systems and whether they can be grafted on Polish law. The reference to the Russian and Italian legal systems seems particularly recommendable due to the fact that their normative solutions directly allude to the institution of deprivation of parental authority in the context of admissibility of the title to inherit.

scholarly journals The Ethics of Canadian Entry-To-Practice Pain Competencies: How Are We Doing?

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Watt-Watson ◽  
Elizabeth Peter ◽  
A John Clark ◽  
Anne Dewar ◽  
Thomas Hadjistavropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Veterinary Students ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
Pain Knowledge ◽  
Key Competencies

BACKGROUND: Although unrelieved pain continues to represent a significant problem, prelicensure educational programs tend to include little content related to pain. Standards for professional competence strongly influence curricula and have the potential to ensure that health science students have the knowledge and skill to manage pain in a way that also allows them to meet professional ethical standards.OBJECTIVES: To perform a systematic, comprehensive examination to determine the entry-to-practice competencies related to pain required for Canadian health science and veterinary students, and to examine how the presence and absence of pain competencies relate to key competencies of an ethical nature.METHODS: Entry-to-practice competency requirements related to pain knowledge, skill and judgment were surveyed from national, provincial and territorial documents for dentistry, medicine, nursing, pharmacy, occupational therapy, physiotherapy, psychology and veterinary medicine.RESULTS: Dentistry included two and nursing included nine specific pain competencies. No references to competencies related to pain were found in the remaining health science documents. In contrast, the national competency requirements for veterinary medicine, surveyed as a comparison, included nine pain competencies. All documents included competencies pertaining to ethics.CONCLUSIONS: The lack of competencies related to pain has implications for advancing skillful and ethical practice. The lack of attention to pain competencies limits the capacity of health care professionals to alleviate suffering, foster autonomy and use resources justly. Influencing professional bodies to increase the number of required entry-to-practice pain competencies may ultimately have the greatest impact on education and practice.

Ethics of Early Prevention in Schizophrenia

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. A208-A212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Current Thinking ◽  
Right Not To Know ◽  
Early Primary ◽  
The Right ◽  
Waiting Periods

Objective To represent a cross-section of current thinking on the ethics of early (primary) prevention in schizophrenia. Method Ethical considerations presented at the First Australian Schizophrenia Prevention Conference, Sydney, March 1999, particularly from the final session on ‘Ethics’, are recorded here together with complementary referenced material. Results Ethical concerns arise in the arenas of research over clinical priorities; screening ethics, including stigma, confidentiality, informed consent and support required through waiting periods; and the ethics of prolonged assessments in the absence of disorder, the right not to know and the possible ethical prematurity or otherwise of screening for schizophrenia. Conclusions There are several legitimate ethical concerns that must be understood and addressed by those undertaking the developing of primary preventive measures in schizophrenia. Such measures must still be regarded as more experimental the further ahead the measures are undertaken from the onset of the disorder. Anticipatory ethical guidelines should be developed to inform such research.

When is the right time?

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacky Reid ◽  
Andrea Nolan ◽  
Marian Scott
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Prolongation Of Life ◽  
The Right

Veterinary medicine is veering further towards prolongation of life at all costs, without the safeguard of being able to robustly measure quality of life. Jacky Reid, Andrea Nolan and Marian Scott discuss major steps forward in the ability to measure changes in health-related quality of life.

A cabinet of the ordinary: domesticating veterinary education, 1766–1799

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIT HEINTZMAN
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Natural History ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Travel Literature ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Veterinary Education ◽  
Veterinary Students ◽  
Disciplinary Boundaries

AbstractIn the late eighteenth century, the Ecole vétérinaire d'Alfort was renowned for its innovative veterinary education and for having one of the largest natural history and anatomy collections in France. Yet aside from a recent interest in the works of one particular anatomist, the school's history has been mostly ignored. I examine here the fame of the school in eighteenth-century travel literature, the historic connection between veterinary science and natural history, and the relationship between the school's hospital and its esteemed cabinet. Using the correspondence papers of veterinary administrators, state representatives and competing scientific institutions during the French Revolution, I argue that resource constraints and the management of anatomical and natural history specimens produced new disciplinary boundaries between natural history, veterinary medicine and human medicine, while reinforcing geographic divisions between the local and the foreign in the study of non-human animals. This paper reconstructs theAncien Régimereasoning that veterinary students would benefit from a global perspective on animality, and the Revolutionary government's rejection of that premise. Under republicanism, veterinary medicine became domestic.

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