scholarly journals Adsorption of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ Ions on to Waste Fluidized Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalyst

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 595-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tang Yubin ◽  
Chen Fangyan ◽  
Zhang Honglin
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Metallic Ions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Adsorption Models ◽  
Fcc Catalyst ◽  
Fluidized Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Exchange Adsorption

Batch adsorption experiments of Pb2+ Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions on to waste fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst were performed. The results obtained indicate that adsorption time, temperature and pH were the main factors influencing the adsorptive capacities. The adsorption data for each ion were well described by the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models. The mechanisms for the adsorption of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions on to waste FCC catalyst involved ion-exchange adsorption of the three kinds of heavy metallic ions studied or the formation of hydroxo complexes. Under the experimental conditions employed, the removal of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions attained values of 97.0%, 90.5% and 91.5%. respectively. In addition, dynamic adsorption of the respective ions on to a column of FCC catalyst was investigated together with studies of the regeneration of the adsorbent. The results of such column tests showed that Pb2+ ions can be effectively removed from aqueous solutions by waste FCC catalyst in a packed bed. The adsorbent was easily regenerated by the use of a flow of hydrochloric acid through the packed bed under the experimental conditions employed.

Research on Adsorption of Pb2+ on to Microspheres Prepared by Rectorite and Humic Acid

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 1972-1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Bin Tang ◽  
Fang Yu ◽  
Fang Yan Chen ◽  
Cheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
First Order ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Exchange Adsorption ◽  
Elovich Equation ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Rectorite (REC), humic acid (HA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were used to prepare microspheres. Batch adsorption experiments of Pb2+ion on to the microspheres were performed. The results obtained indicate that adsorption time, the microspheres dosage and temperature were the main factors influencing the adsorptive capacities. The adsorption data for Pb2+ion were well described by the Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin models. The kinetic experimental data properly correlated with the pseudo-first-order model, pseudo-second-order model and Elovich equation. The adsorption process is spontaneous, endothermic and out-of-order. The whole adsorption process is mainly controlled by entropies. The adsorption can be classified as chemical adsorption. The mechanisms for the adsorption of Pb2+ion on to the microspheres involved ion-exchange adsorption of Pb2+or the formation of complex compound. Under the experimental conditions employed, the removal of Pb2+ion attained value of 96.05%.

An analytical microscopic study of metals in fluidized catalytic cracking catalyst

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 854-855
Author(s):  
Clifford S. Rainey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Coke Formation ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Y Zeolite ◽  
Fcc Catalyst ◽  
Fluidized Catalytic Cracking ◽  
High Regeneration

The spatial distribution of V and Ni deposited within fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst is studied because these metals contribute to catalyst deactivation. Y zeolite in FCC microspheres are high SiO2 aluminosilicates with molecular-sized channels that contain a mixture of lanthanoids. They must withstand high regeneration temperatures and retain acid sites needed for cracking of hydrocarbons, a process essential for efficient gasoline production. Zeolite in combination with V to form vanadates, or less diffusion in the channels due to coke formation, may deactivate catalyst. Other factors such as metal "skins", microsphere sintering, and attrition may also be involved. SEM of FCC fracture surfaces, AEM of Y zeolite, and electron microscopy of this work are developed to better understand and minimize catalyst deactivation.

scholarly journals Uptake of phenol from aqueous solution by burned water hyacinth

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Uddin ◽  
Mohammed Islam ◽  
Mohammed Islam ◽  
Mohammed Abedin
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Adsorption Models ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Uptake of phenol from aqueous solution by burned water hyacinth The potential of burned water hyacinth (BWH) for phenol adsorption from aqueous solution was studied. Batch kinetic and isotherm studies were carried out under varying experimental conditions of contact time, phenol concentration, adsorbent dosage and pH. The pH at the point of zero charge (pHPZC) of the adsorbent was determined by the titration method and the value of 8.8 ± 0.2 was obtained. The FTIR of the adsorbent was carried out in order to find the potential adsorption sites for the interaction with phenol molecules. The Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models were used for the mathematical description of adsorption equilibrium and it was found that the experimental data fitted very well to the Langmuir model. Maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was found to be 30.49 mg/g. Batch adsorption models, based on the assumption of the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, were applied to examine the kinetics of the adsorption. The results showed that kinetic data closely followed the pseudo-second-order model.

Catalytic Cracking of Plastic Pyrolysis Waxes with Vacuum Gasoil: Effect of HZSM-5 Zeolite in the FCC Catalyst

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iker Torre ◽  
Jose M. Arandes ◽  
Pedro Castano ◽  
Miren Azkoiti ◽  
Javier Bilbao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Vacuum Gasoil ◽  
Gasoline Fraction ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Commercial Catalyst ◽  
Flash Pyrolysis ◽  
Fcc Catalyst ◽  
Fluidized Catalytic Cracking

Catalytic cracking of waste plastics is an interesting option for selectively recovering raw materials or for obtaining fuels. In this paper, a new recycling strategy is proposed, which consists of upgrading the waxes obtained by flash pyrolysis of polyolefins in a FCC (Fluidized Catalytic Cracking) unit. The waxes have been obtained by flash pyrolysis of polypropylene at 500 ºC and they have been dissolved (20 wt% wax) in the vacuum gasoil (VGO) of a FCC unit. The runs have been carried out in a CREC-UWO Riser Simulator Reactor (atmospheric pressure; 500-550 ºC; C/O = 5.5; contact times, 3-12 s). A commercial catalyst and a hybrid one (containing HZSM-5 zeolite) have been used. The cracking of the mixture leads to higher yield of gasoline than in the cracking of VGO with a higher content of olefins. The results of the effect of the operating conditions (temperature and contact time) are qualitatively similar to those corresponding to standard feed. Consequently, no difficulties inherent to the presence of waxes in the feed are expected in the treatment of mixtures at industrial conditions. The presence of HZSM-5 zeolite in the catalyst causes a significant increase in the amount of LPG (especially C3-C4 olefins), at the expense of a decrease in the gasoline fraction, whose RON is 1-2 points higher than that corresponding to the commercial catalyst. The gasoline obtained also has a higher content of olefins (especially C5-C7) and benzene at the expense of a decrease in the amount of C6-C10 i-paraffins.

scholarly journals Removal of Copper(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions. I. Adsorption Studies Using Powdered Marble Wastes as Sorbent

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Ghazy ◽  
S.E. Samra ◽  
A.M. Mahdy ◽  
S.M. El-Morsy
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Adsorption Models ◽  
First Order ◽  
Inorganic Sorbent ◽  
First Order Kinetics

Batch adsorption experiments of copper(II) ions from aqueous solutions on to powdered marble wastes (PMW) have been performed. The latter is an effective inorganic sorbent which is inexpensive, widespread and may represent an environmental problem. The main parameters influencing the sorption process, i.e. initial solution pH, sorbent and Cu2+ ion concentrations, stirring times and temperature, were examined. The results obtained revealed that the sorption of Cu2+ ions on to PMW was endothermic in nature and followed first-order kinetics. Moreover, it was well described by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) adsorption models over the concentration range studied. Under the optimum experimental conditions employed, the removal of ca. 100% Cu2+ ions was attained.

Removal of Refractive Sulfur and Aromatic Compounds from Straight-Run, Fluidized Catalytic Cracking, and Coker Gas Oil UsingN-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone in Batch and Packed-Bed Extractors

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 4634-4643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Vimal Chandra Srivastava ◽  
Rohit Raghuvanshi ◽  
Shrikant Madhusudan Nanoti ◽  
Nisha Sudhir
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Fluidized Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Coker Gas Oil

Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Catalyst Microstructure as Determined by A Scanning Ion Microprobe

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-303
Author(s):  
J.K. Lampert ◽  
G.S. Koermer ◽  
J.M. Macaoy ◽  
J.M. Chabala ◽  
R. Levi-Setti
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Ion Microprobe ◽  
Fluidized Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Ion Probe ◽  
Silica Alumina ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
The University ◽  
High Spatial Resolution Imaging

We have used high spatial resolution imaging secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) to differentiate mineralogical phases and to investigate chemical segregations in fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst particles. The oil industry relies on heterogeneous catalysis using these catalysts to convert heavy hydrocarbon fractions into high quality gasoline and fuel oil components. Catalyst performance is strongly influenced by catalyst microstructure and composition, with different chemical reactions occurring at specific types of sites within the particle. The zeolitic portions of the particle, where the majority of the oil conversion occurs, can be clearly distinguished from the surrounding silica-alumina matrix in analytical SIMS images.The University of Chicago scanning ion microprobe (SIM) employed in this study has been described previously. For these analyses, the instrument was operated with a 40 keV, 10 pA Ga+ primary ion probe focused to a 30 nm FWHM spot. Elemental SIMS maps were obtained from 10×10 μm2 areas in times not exceeding 524s.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document