scholarly journals Recreational 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine or ‘ecstasy’: Current perspective and future research prospects

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 959-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C Parrott ◽  
Luke A Downey ◽  
Carl A Roberts ◽  
Cathy Montgomery ◽  
Raimondo Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Declarative Memory ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Skill ◽  
Explanatory Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current Perspective ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Practical Implications

Aims: The purpose of this article is to debate current understandings about the psychobiological effects of recreational 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ‘ecstasy’), and recommend theoretically-driven topics for future research. Methods: Recent empirical findings, especially those from novel topic areas were reviewed. Potential causes for the high variance often found in group findings were also examined. Results and conclusions: The first empirical reports into psychobiological and psychiatric aspects from the early 1990s concluded that regular users demonstrated some selective psychobiological deficits, for instance worse declarative memory, or heightened depression. More recent research has covered a far wider range of psychobiological functions, and deficits have emerged in aspects of vision, higher cognitive skill, neurohormonal functioning, and foetal developmental outcomes. However, variance levels are often high, indicating that while some recreational users develop problems, others are less affected. Potential reasons for this high variance are debated. An explanatory model based on multi-factorial causation is then proposed. Future directions: A number of theoretically driven research topics are suggested, in order to empirically investigate the potential causes for these diverse psychobiological deficits. Future neuroimaging studies should study the practical implications of any serotonergic and/or neurohormonal changes, using a wide range of functional measures.

Conclusions and Future Directions for the Study of Accurate Personality Judgment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tera D. Letzring
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Personality Judgment ◽  
Exciting Time ◽  
And Training

This chapter identifies several well-established findings and overarching themes within personality trait accuracy research, and highlights especially promising directions for future research. Topics include (1) theoretical frameworks for accuracy, (2) moderators of accuracy and the context or situation in which judgments are made, (3) the important consequences of accuracy, (4) interventions and training programs to increase judgmental ability and judgability, (5) the generalizability of previous findings, and (6) standardized tests of the accuracy of judging personality traits. The chapter ends by stating that it is an exciting time to be a researcher studying the accuracy of personality trait judgments.

scholarly journals Tourism development, entrepreneurship and women's empowerment – Focus on Serbian countryside

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darko B. Vukovic ◽  
Marko Petrovic ◽  
Moinak Maiti ◽  
Aleksandra Vujko
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Local Character ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe starting premise of this study is that women's empowerment is the goal for self-realization and that the support that comes from local tourism stakeholders represents an adequate base. In many rural areas, women have established self-help groups (SHGs), which facilitate the interaction with a wide range of stakeholders. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of SHGs on female entrepreneurship and self-employment in tourism.Design/methodology/approachTo examine the research question, this study adopted a quantitative research that included a sample of 513 women in a less-advanced rural area in Serbia. For the data analysis, the generalized linear regression model (GLM) was used.FindingsAccording to the results, self-employment is the leading goal of women's empowerment.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation in the research and the authors’ suggestion for future research is to increase the sample size of female respondents, so examination of their attitudes and role in the travel business in their local settings might reach higher significance. The second issue that the authors would like to point out is a highly local character of our study, so the future research should involve other rural areas in the country and from abroad (e.g. similar undeveloped countryside with noticeable, active women's role in local entrepreneurship).Practical implicationsThe most important practical implications of this paper are twofold: (1) the results of the research have shown that the tourist potential of rural areas can be enhanced through local tourism stakeholders' support; (2) women without professional interest or jobs in rural areas, especially in the areas where the population is traditionally dominated by men (husband/brother/father), have a chance to earn and to be economically more independent. This research can affect future studies to investigate other aspects of empowerment depending on the difference of regions, from one side, and also alternative opportunities for tourism and local development in less-advanced rural areas, from another side.Originality/valueThe study analyzes the tourism potential of the rural areas (which are less advanced and mostly very poor in developing countries, such as Serbia). In this case, there are opportunities to increase employment, social inclusion of women, development of new tourism strategies, implementation of destination marketing, etc. Moreover, it contributes to future research in the field of stakeholders in tourism strategies.

The Behavior Chain Interruption Strategy: A Review of Research and Discussion of Future Directions

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Carter ◽  
Julie Grunsell
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Severe Disabilities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Behavior Chain ◽  
Teaching Procedure ◽  
Communication Device ◽  
Naturalistic Teaching ◽  
Wide Range

This review examines research studies that utilize the behavior chain interruption strategy (BCIS) to teach communication skills to individuals with severe disabilities. The BCIS is a naturalistic teaching procedure that uses an interruption to a behavior chain (i.e., a routine) as the point of instruction. The BCIS has been successfully applied to the teaching of communication skills to individuals across a wide range of ages and of levels of disability, including learners with multiple disabilities. It has been employed to teach a range of communication forms, including pictorial communication systems, natural gestures, signing, and a switch activated communication device. However, a number of questions remain regarding the BCIS. In particular, it is questioned whether the type of interruptions employed in the procedure are likely to occur outside a training context and whether communication taught with the procedure generalizes to out-of-routine contexts. Implications for practice are considered and suggestions are offered for future research.

A Review of Hyperacusis and Future Directions: Part I. Definitions and Manifestations

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Tyler ◽  
Martin Pienkowski ◽  
Eveling Rojas Roncancio ◽  
Hyung Jin Jun ◽  
Tom Brozoski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Opportune Time ◽  
Social Habits

Purpose Hyperacusis can be extremely debilitating, and at present, there is no cure. We provide an overview of the field, and possible related areas, in the hope of facilitating future research. Method We review and reference literature on hyperacusis and related areas. We have divided the review into 2 articles. In Part I, we discuss definitions, epidemiology, different etiologies and subgroups, and how hyperacusis affects people. In Part II, we review measurements, models, mechanisms, and treatments, and we finish with some suggestions for further research. Results Hyperacusis encompasses a wide range of reactions to sound, which can be grouped into the categories of excessive loudness, annoyance, fear, and pain. Many different causes have been proposed, and it will be important to appreciate and quantify different subgroups. Reasonable approaches to assessing the different forms of hyperacusis are emerging, including psychoacoustical measures, questionnaires, and brain imaging. Conclusions Hyperacusis can make life difficult for many, forcing sufferers to dramatically alter their work and social habits. We believe this is an opportune time to explore approaches to better understand and treat hyperacusis.

A Review of Hyperacusis and Future Directions: Part II. Measurement, Mechanisms, and Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Pienkowski ◽  
Richard S. Tyler ◽  
Eveling Rojas Roncancio ◽  
Hyung Jin Jun ◽  
Tom Brozoski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Sound Therapy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Opportune Time ◽  
Social Habits ◽  
The Many

Purpose Hyperacusis can be extremely debilitating, and at present, there is no cure. In this detailed review of the field, we consolidate present knowledge in the hope of facilitating future research. Method We review and reference the literature on hyperacusis and related areas. This is the 2nd of a 2-part review. Results Hyperacusis encompasses a wide range of reactions to sounds, which can be grouped into the categories of excessive loudness, annoyance, fear, and pain. Reasonable approaches to assessing the different forms of hyperacusis are emerging, including brain-imaging studies. Researchers are only beginning to understand the many mechanisms at play, and valid animal models are still evolving. There are many counseling and sound-therapy approaches that some patients find helpful, but well-controlled studies are needed to measure their long-term efficacy and to test new approaches. Conclusions Hyperacusis can make life difficult in this increasingly noisy world, forcing sufferers to dramatically alter their work and social habits. We believe this is an opportune time to explore approaches to better understand and treat hyperacusis.

scholarly journals Viable destination ecosystems: a perspective article

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Håvard Ness
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Vast Range

Purpose This paper aims to provide a brief review of the literature on interorganizational relations in tourism over the past 75 years to understand the emerging focus on destination ecosystems. Based on these developments, the paper points to some issues that future research should consider. Design/methodology/approach This selective review provides building blocks for a contemporary view of destination ecosystems and the possibilities for promoting research on their viability. Findings The research on relationships between tourism firms considers co-operation as important and provides knowledge and theory that is complex addressing a vast range of foci. Future research should attempt to integrate emerging trends using meta-theory and possibly programmatic research. Research limitations/implications This paper is brief in reviewing past trends to identify a few core areas for future directions in destination research and suggesting how this might be undertaken. However, this short paper is not exhaustive. Practical implications This paper directs attention to core aspects of destination ecosystems that (destination) managers and public sector representatives should consider in their decision-making to improve viability. Social implications Social and environmental dimensions are explicitly addressed as important for destination ecosystem viability. Originality/value This paper points to some directions that future research and knowledge development should consider to develop conceptual and actionable knowledge further to promote viability in destination ecosystems.

Mapping Creative Tourism Research: Reviewing the Field and Outlining Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1256-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Galvagno ◽  
Sonia C. Giaccone
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Experience Economy ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This study presents a bibliometric review of creative tourism literature aimed at understanding the main research topics and approaches, theoretical foundations, and the most recent areas of investigation. Sixty-four articles on creative tourism were selected and analyzed using co-citation analysis, content analysis, and bibliographic coupling. Findings reveal that creative tourism is a well-defined field of studies with three main research topics; namely, Tourist Experience and Co-Creation, Creativity in Tourism, and Cultural Tourism and Events. Furthermore, several theoretical approaches can be applied to a different set of empirical contexts, among which co-creation and experience economy play a major role. An analysis of the most recent publications identifies five promising research trends and allows some conclusions about the opportunities for future research to be drawn.

Information security

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Silic ◽  
Andrea Back
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
New Research ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this literature review is to analyze current trends in information security and suggest future directions for research. Design/methodology/approach – The authors used literature review to analyze 1,588 papers from 23 journals and 5 conferences. Findings – The authors identified 164 different theories used in 684 publications. Distribution of research methods showed that the subjective-argumentative category accounted for 81 per cent, whereas other methods got very low focus. This research offers implications for future research directions on information security. They also identified existing knowledge gaps and how the existing themes are studied in academia. Research limitations/implications – The literature review did not include some dedicated security journals (i.e. Cryptography). Practical implications – The study reveals future directions and trend that the academia should consider. Originality/value – Information security is top concern for organizations, and this research analyzed how academia dealt with the topic since 1977. Also, the authors suggest future directions for research suggesting new research streams.

scholarly journals A Topic-Based Bibliometric Review of Computers in Human Behavior: Contributors, Collaborations and Research Topics

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4859
Author(s):  
Xieling Chen ◽  
Di Zou ◽  
Haoran Xie ◽  
Gary Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Scientific Impact ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Status ◽  
Behavior Issues ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Bibliometric Review

Computers in Human Behavior (CHB) is a well-established source with a wide range of audiences in the field of human interactions with computers and has been one of the most widely acknowledged and leading venues with significant scientific impact for more than 35 years. This review provides an overview of the status, trends, and particularly the thematic structure of the CHB by adopting bibliometrics and structural topic modeling on 5957 studies. Specifically, we analyzed the trend of publications, identified major institutions and countries/regions, detected scientific collaboration patterns, and uncovered important topics. Significant findings were presented. For example, the contribution of the USA and Open University of Netherlands was highlighted. Important research topics such as e-commerce, social interactions and behaviors, public opinion and social media, cyberbullying, online sexual issues, and game andgamification were identified. This review contributes to the CHB community by justifying the interest in human behavior issues concerning computer use and identifying future research lines on this topic.

scholarly journals The developmental needs of coaches and coachees

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-227
Author(s):  
Christine Angela Eastman
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Developmental Needs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Diverse Field ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Single Publication ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the key findings, themes and concepts in coaching from the inception of the International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education in early 2012 to the end of 2018. The review examines how coaching is theorized and practised in an educational context, and how coaching has evolved across educational disciplines. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on an analysis of research trends published in the International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education from Volume 1 Issue 1 (2012) to Volume 7 Issue 4 (2018). The criterion according to which the articles were selected for inclusion in the literature review is whether the word “coaching” is used in the title, abstract or keywords. Findings Across a wide range of geographical and institutional contexts, the studies surveyed in this literature review point to the different ways in which coaching interventions support success in teaching and leadership. This review identifies three principal themes across the literature on coaching: confidence, trust and identity. Research limitations/implications The literature review is confined to studies published in a single publication and is therefore not representative of the entire field of coaching research. Practical implications The focus of this review is coaching in education. The review comprises a survey of research concepts, innovation and creativity in the area of coaching and education. It highlights advances in the field of coaching and education and points to areas of development for future research. Originality/value By bringing together existing research in a number of areas across the field of coaching, this literature review provides a coherent overview of a rapidly evolving and diverse field.

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