The Sharing Economy: Social Welfare in a Technologically Networked Economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 027046762110107
Author(s):  
Mariusz Baranowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Heuristic Model ◽  
Clear Separation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Networked Economy ◽  
The Impact

This article attempts to descriptively characterize the impact of the sharing economy, using Uber as an example, on the social welfare of those people working via the app. For this purpose, the author proposes a theoretical concept of a technologically networked economy, which is a component of a broader heuristic model of a technologically networked reality. Furthermore, a critical review of the different approaches to the sharing economy and the diverse practices within it have been carried out. The results of the theoretical exploration of this increasingly popular phenomenon revealed parallels with the problems of nondigital labor markets in the field of the workforce. The clear separation of grassroots sharing practices from those in name only like Uber suggest that the latter do not realize social welfare more broadly than ordinary capitalist enterprises.

Conceptualizing the Social Economy in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 1083-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
LI ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Welfare System ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Social Welfare System ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study offers a conceptual analysis of the social economy in China within the context of institutional transition. In China, economic reform has engendered significant social changes. Accelerated economic growth, privatization of the social welfare system, and the rise of civil society explain the institutional contexts in which a range of not-for-profit initiatives, neither state-owned nor capital-driven, re-emerged. They are defined in this research as the social economy in China. This study shows that although the term itself is quite new, the social economy is no new phenomenon in China, as its various elements have a rich historical tradition. Moreover, the impact of the transition on the upsurge of the Chinese social economy is felt not only through direct means of de-nationalization and marketization and, as a consequence, the privatization of China's social welfare system, but also through various indirect means. The development of the social economy in China was greatly influenced by the framework set by political institutions and, accordingly, legal enabling environments. In addition, the link to the West, as well as local historical and cultural traditions, contribute towards explaining its re-emergence. Examining the practices in the field shows that the social economy sector in China is conducive to achieving a plural economy and an inclusive society, particularly by way of poverty reduction, social service provision, work integration, and community development. Therefore, in contemporary China, it serves as a key sector for improving welfare, encouraging participation, and consolidating solidarity.

International Social Work and Social Welfare: Central America

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Julia
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Central America ◽  
International Social Work ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
International Social

The social, political, and economic features of Central America are summarized and the impact of economic and political processes on the region is highlighted. Predominant global, historical, cultural, and political events are weaved together, in an attempt to understand the realities of the region. The challenges for social work profession and practice are presented, as well as their implications for new approaches to intervention and education.

Winners and Losers in Flexible Labor Markets: The Fate of Women with Chronic Illness in Contrasting Policy Environments—Sweden and Britain

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Burström ◽  
Paula Holland ◽  
Finn Diderichsen ◽  
Margaret Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Flexible Labor ◽  
Policy Environments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Employment Rates ◽  
The Impact

This study compares employment rates among men and women with and without chronic illness in the contrasting policy environments of Britain and Sweden, through analysis of household surveys for 1979–1995. Professional and managerial groups were winners in both countries, including during recession. By the 1990s, employment rates for healthy Swedish women were uniformly high across the social groups and almost comparable with those of their male counterparts; rates for women and men with a chronic illness were also comparable, albeit at a lower overall rate. The greatest losers were male and female unskilled manual workers in Britain. British women with a chronic illness in the 1990s had less than half the employment rates of healthy women. Such social inequalities were much smaller and less consistent in Sweden, where the impact of illness was softened for all social groups. In Britain, workless men tended to be classed as unemployed or permanently sick, while workless women were more likely to be classed as looking after home/family. Lesser differences were seen in Sweden. No evidence was found to support the hypothesis that women in general, and the less skilled and sick in particular, would be the winners in a more flexible, less regulated labor market—quite the reverse.

The Difficulty in Measuring Suitable Targets When Modeling Victimization

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Marie Popp
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Problem ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
The Social ◽  
Lifestyle Measures ◽  
Psychological Vulnerability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Target suitability is a critical theoretical concept for opportunity theory. Previous research has primarily measured this concept using demographic characteristics of the study participant, which is problematic. This study corrects the measurement problem by employing bullying variables as alternative measures of target suitability because they are arguably better at capturing the social and psychological vulnerability of the individual that is attracting motivated offenders. Using three waves (1999, 2001, & 2003) of the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) School Crime Supplement (SCS), this research explores the impact of the bullying measures along with demographic characteristics and lifestyle measures on the likelihood that a student will experience victimization in school. The findings suggest that the bullying measures are better predictors of victimization over the demographic characteristics and lifestyle measures for all three waves. The findings highlight the need for better measures of target suitability, which capture the social and psychological vulnerability of victims to explain victimization.

scholarly journals Hybrids Before Nonprofits: Key Challenges, Institutional Logics, and Normative Rules of Behavior of News Media Dedicated to Social Welfare

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 790-810
Author(s):  
Sergio Sparviero
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
News Media ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Organizational Form ◽  
Institutional Logic ◽  
The Social ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
Social News ◽  
The Impact

This article proposes comparing nonprofit news organizations that prioritize social welfare goals with the hybrid organizational form that mixes the institutional logics of charities and business enterprises: the Social Enterprise. The institutional logic comprises organizing templates, patterns of actions and values. These Social News Enterprises (SNEs) are analyzed as hybrids mixing the institutional logics of commercial, public, and alternative news media. Financed by donations and the revenue from services, SNEs engage in public, investigative, and explanatory journalism. Normative behavioral principles of SNEs are used to compare the impact-based model of ProPublica with the growth-focused model of The Texas Tribune.

scholarly journals The Sharing Economy and Sustainability of Urban Destinations in the (Over)tourism Context: The Social Capital Theory Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Zmyślony ◽  
Grzegorz Leszczyński ◽  
Anna Waligóra ◽  
Wiesław Alejziak
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

This article contributes to the discussion on the sustainability of the sharing economy by adopting the Social Capital Theory to expand explanations of the sharing economy’s role and scope of relations with local communities in the context of overtourism. As mutual relationships have not been fully recognized through a theoretical perspective, the article aims to examine the sustainability of the process of the sharing economy impacting urban tourism communities in light of Robert Putnam’s approach to Social Capital Theory. On the basis of a selective systematic review, the article discusses the sustainability of the sharing economy through the lens of bridging and bonding social capital. We argue that a new configuration of social capital, i.e., a sharing platform-modified social capital, arises from the unsustainable and disruptive power of the sharing economy implemented by virtual platforms, thereby contributing to an overtourism syndrome. However, from a medium- and long-term perspective, the sharing economy also impacts the bridging nature of social capital, which should lead to a more sustainable balance in its structure. This initial framework for understanding the impact of the sharing economy on sustainability of local communities provides an alternative approach to studying residents’ perceptions and attitudes towards tourism in the areas affected by overtourism.

Online Revolution

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Dariusz Jemielniak
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Free Open Source

This chapter discusses three major changes resulting from the emerging communication technologies. It addresses the new forms of shaping relations online. Friendships, intimacy, the rise of weak ties, as well as an increased fluidity of relations are discussed. Next, the chapter addresses the demise of expert knowledge. Starting with McDonaldization of higher education and the rise of anti-intellectual sentiments, the chapter addresses the new trends in democratizing knowledge. While recognizing highly positive aspects of the turn, such as citizen science, Wikipedia, or free/open source movement, it also addresses the darker and more troubling processes, such as anti-scientific sentiments, pseudotheories, and the takeover of knowledge production and distribution by quacks. Finally, the chapter focuses on sharing economy. By problematizing the “sharing” premise, as well as by showing the impact of the ongoing change reaching far beyond economy itself, the chapter introduces the notion of collaborative society, as better covering the social change we witness.

3. Punishment and welfare: social problems and social structures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Garland
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
The Political ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
The Social

This chapter examines the complex relationship between ‘punishment’ and ‘welfare.’ It traces the various ways in which penal systems are influenced by, and interact with, broader systems of social welfare and how these linked institutions function as modes of social control and class control. Following a critical review of the historical and comparative literature—and associated questions of data and method—it discusses how penal and welfare policies relate to the social problems they purport to address and to the political and socio-economic structures within which they operate. ‘Penal-welfarist’ and ‘welfarist’ practices are defined and differentiated, some common elements of practices of punishing and assisting are identified, and the fundamentals of ‘the welfare state’ and its recent neoliberal history are explained.

America, Germany, Israel: Three Modes of Citizenship and Incorporation

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
David Abraham
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
The United States ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Social Question ◽  
Free Mobility ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn today's liberal democracies, the “social question” and the “immigration question” have become entwined as rarely before. Elites and citizens alike ask who belongs to the national political and social community of the “we” and what belonging entails in the way of rights and obligations. Under the impact of unprecedented free mobility for both capital and labor and the crises of the social welfare state, the borders and bonds of citizenship have been changing, mostly weakening. This essay takes a preliminary look at how these two questions are intertwined in the United States, Germany, and Israel.

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