scholarly journals Citation context and impact of ‘sleeping beauties’ in paediatric research

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1212-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jernej Završnik ◽  
Peter Kokol ◽  
Stefano del Torso ◽  
Helena Blažun Vošner
Keyword(s):  
Service Organization ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Paediatric Research ◽  
Medical Homes ◽  
Citation Context ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Sleeping Beauties ◽  
Paediatric Service ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Organizational Needs

Objectives ‘Sleeping beauties’, i.e. publications that are not cited for a long while, present interesting findings in science. This study analysed the citation trends of sleeping beauties in paediatric research. Methods The study used bibliometric software to analyse the papers citing sleeping beauties in paediatric research, to understand the context in which paediatric sleeping beauties were finally cited and the impact of these sleeping beauties on paediatric research. Results Two paediatric sleeping beauties, addressing medical homes and the transition from paediatric to adult health care, respectively, awakened in response to organizational needs. Both presented novel concepts of paediatric service organization that became important because of an increased need for optimization of services. Conclusion All sleeping beauties bring new knowledge that becomes important only after several years. Paediatric sleeping beauties exhibited unique characteristics; however, their presence in paediatric research shows that knowledge acquisition in paediatrics resembles that in other disciplines.

Diabetes: The Impact of Clinical Pharmacy Services Integrated into Medical Homes on Diabetes-Related Clinical Outcomes

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1877-1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen A Johnson ◽  
Steven Chen ◽  
I-Ning Cheng ◽  
Mimi Lou ◽  
Paul Gregerson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy ◽  
Pharmacy Services ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Services ◽  
Medical Homes ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Determinants of Chronic Illness Among Aged Population in Ghana: A Multinomial Logit Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
C. C. Nyarko ◽  
K. Agyarko ◽  
P. K. Nyarko ◽  
L. Brew
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Multinomial Logit ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Aged Population ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
The Impact

Generally, the constant change in demographic trends among the aged depict gradual increase in the size of the aged population globally. The aged population is often capitalised with degenerative conditions such as chronic illness which affect their ability to function effectively and often require special support. Despite the increase in the size of the aged population and their associated degenerative conditions, very few descriptive studies on the determinants of chronic illness among the aged has been researched especially in developing countries such as Ghana and there is no compelling evidence on the association of chronic illness and its determinants. Thus, this study seeks to analyse and predict the impact of age, gender, education, marital status, Quality of Life (QoL), social cohesion, settlement and depression on chronic illness among the aged population in Ghana. From the studies a Multinomial Logit Regression (MLR) was employed to analyse the data obtained from the Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) under, Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE), 2012. It was revealed that out of the 1384 sampled, 71% had no chronic illness whilst 22% and 7% had one and two or more chronic illness respectively. Again, it was observed that, Depression State, Gender, Marital Status and Settlement Type (rural or urban) play significant roles in determining the likelihood of the aged getting chronic illness while Physical Function, Social Cohesion, QoL, Age and Education Level were not statistically significant determinants of chronic illness. Our findings demonstrate that chronic illness among the aged is constantly increasing in Ghana especially in the urban communities and need to be addressed urgently through governmental policies and programs in the quest to help salvage the deteriorating conditions of the aged.   Keywords: Aged Population, Multinomial Logit Model, Chronic Illness

scholarly journals First Evidence of Human's Influence on Climate of Prague and Brno

Geografie ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Jan Munzar
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Quality Deterioration ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

The paper brings some new knowledge on air quality deterioration as a part of urban environment in Prague and Brno in the end of the 18th and in the 19th centuries. The impact of man-induced processes on the creation of specific features of urban climate is documented.

scholarly journals The Impact of Performance Goals on Cheating Depends on How Performance is Evaluated

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Daumiller ◽  
Stefan Janke
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
High Stakes Testing ◽  
Performance Goals ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Academic Cheating ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
Evaluation Standard ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Impact

We investigated how evaluation standards employed in performance tests affect the impact of performance goals (here: focused on appearance) on academic cheating. Thereby, we assumed that appearance goals would only lead to increased cheating if students’ performance was presumably evaluated based on results rather than on strategies applied to solve the questions. 169 university students (68.6% female) participated in an experimental design with 2 (induced appearance goals versus no goal induction) x 2 (process-based versus result-based evaluation standards) between-subject conditions. We assessed cheating using a confederate student observing participants’ behaviors and by measuring whether participants reported that they solved unsolvable questions. Confirming our hypotheses, we found that students were only more likely to cheat when appearance goals were induced and the evaluation standard focused on the results. This new knowledge helps to explain mixed findings regarding how performance goals affect cheating and provides opportunities to reduce cheating in high-stakes testing situations.

scholarly journals The Subject of Theatre in the Lithuanian School: Relationships within the General Educational Cultural Context

Pedagogika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
Vida Kazragytė
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Theatre Education ◽  
Educational Innovations ◽  
Direct Practice ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theatre Pedagogy ◽  
The Impact

The article investigates the rather new educational phenomenon – about twenty years ago under the impact of educational reform the theatre subject teaching was introduced. In many neighbor’s countries there is no such separate theatre subject still yet. The focus of the article is on the relationships between the curricula of theatre subject (2008, 2001) and the practice of long-lived non-formal education of children and youth of Lithuania. The curricula of theatre subject were prepared according to comprehensive discipline-arts education conception formed in United States of Amerika. Taking into account the notion of M. Lukšienė, that experience of other cultures, as well as the educational innovations must be adopted according to “own cultural model”, the attention is paid to analysis how curricula of theatre subject are grounded on traditions of Lithuanian non-formal education, especially its artistic trend. The self-expression paradigm or psychological trend of theatre education is less evident in our context. The roots of artistic trend are in Jesuit’s school theatre that existed in Lithuania 1570–1843. The artistic trend was recreated at the end of 20th century in non-formal theatre education in Lithuania by relaying on the professional theatre pedagogy (the training of professional theatre pedagogues started, the first books of methodology of theatre education appeared). Analysis showed that common concepts, as “theatre” and “education through theatre” are those which relate artistic trend of non-formal theatre education with curricula of theatre subject, accordingly, which are grounded on discipline-based art education conception. Especially that is clear from the revealing of content of “education through theatre” concept and explaining its formative and cognitive impacts on children and youth who are acting the roles created by dramaturge. The biggest challenge related with coming of theatre subject as separate, is the creating of theatre knowledge appropriated for school children. Now the theatre subject curricula describe the knowledge which are known in professional theatre pedagogy and in artistic trend of non-formal theatre education, but only in part. Thy must be expanded by new knowledge which will be get by way of externalization from direct practice. Also, there is a need of artistic orientation of theatre didactics – that can guarantee the succession of the best traditions of Lithuanian‘s theatre education and encourage their development.

Abstract MP41: Implications of the Use of the New ACC/AHA Guidelines for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in a Brazilian Cohort - The Elsa Brasil Study

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio S Bittencourt ◽  
Isabela Bensenor ◽  
Dora Chor ◽  
Paulo Vasconcelos ◽  
Paulo Lotufo
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Brazilian Cohort

Introduction: The 2013 American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines developed a new prediction model for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and suggested the use of a lower threshold of 7.5% 10 year hard CVD risk for primary prevention. The implications of the use of this model in other cohort and admixed races has not yet been tested. The current study sought to evaluate the potential impact of its use in a large Brazilian cohort. Methods: We have included 15105 participants of the (Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health) ELSA-Brasil study, a multicenter prospective study that enrolled civil servants aged 35 to 74 years in 6 different urban areas in brazil. We have calculated the both the Framingham risk score (FRS) and the new risk prediction model to the entire cohort, and estimated the impact of changing current recommendations based on the FRS and lipid targets to the new recommendations based on the absolute risk estimated by the new model. Results: The mean age was 52±9.1 years, with 8218 (54%) women. The race distribution included 52% white, 16% black, 28% mixed (brown), and 4% of other. While 19.2% (95% CI: 18.4 to 19.6) of the cohort would require statins for primary prevention accordion to prior recommendations, the new guidelines would recommend treatment for approximately 40.2% (95%CI: 39.4 to 41.0) of the cohort. A substantial increase in the population in whom statins are recommended occurred for males, from 23.3% (95%CI: 22.6 to 24.0%) to 55.7% (95%CI: 54.9 to 56.5), as well as females, from 16.6 (95%CI: 16.0 to 17.2) to 27.1 (95%CI: 26.4 to 27.8), and across all races and age levels (figure). Conclusion: The new ACC/AHA guidelines for primary prevention would approximately double the proportion of Brazilian adults in whom statins are indicated, mostly among older individuals. The epidemiological and economical impact of this changes are not yet known.

Engineering Design as Research

2012 ◽  
pp. 1766-1779
Author(s):  
Timothy L.J. Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Is Research ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Actual Design ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
The Impact

Research is defined as an activity that creates new knowledge. This is often misunderstood in the engineering community as necessarily requiring a scientific contribution that advances the theory of some matter related to engineering materials or processes. Consequently, typical engineering research projects investigate physical phenomena thought likely to be interesting in potential applications or to describe the characteristics of processes used in engineering work. The results of such projects provide a fragmented, abstracted view of the phenomena investigated, which is difficult to use in engineering decision making related to contextualised situations. This chapter shows how the actual design of engineered artefacts is research because it provides knowledge of the impact of the integration of various elements of existing knowledge, which demonstrates the properties of the designs achieved through the design work and leads to discovery of solutions to the various challenges of integration discovered through the project which attempts to achieve the integration.

Military Cohorts, Substance Use, and Male-Perpetrated Intimate Partner Violence

2020 ◽  
pp. 107780121989347
Author(s):  
Roberto Cancio
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Military Families ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Racial Ethnic

This study considers variations of intimate partner violence (IPV) from the point of the perpetrator to test the impact of demographic factors on the type of IPV most prevalent among pre-9/11 and post-9/11 military families from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (1994–2008): Waves I and IV in-home interviews ( N = 499). Study findings indicate that the perpetration of physical and sexual IPV depends on the context of veteran cohort and race/ethnicity. Models for substance use and IPV patterns were not similar across military cohorts and/or racial/ethnic groups.

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