scholarly journals Obesity, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure are associated with cardiovascular risk, determined using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration, in young adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 030006052098059
Author(s):  
Luz Elena Ramos-Arellano ◽  
Ines Matia-Garcia ◽  
Linda Anahi Marino-Ortega ◽  
Natividad Castro-Alarcón ◽  
José Francisco Muñoz-Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Apo B ◽  
High Waist Circumference ◽  
Hs Crp

Objective Few studies have investigated the relationships between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentration and conventional cardiometabolic markers in young adults. The aim of this study was to characterize the cardiometabolic profile of young adults who are at high cardiovascular risk, according to hs-CRP concentration. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 300 young adults (18 to 30 years old) from southern Mexico (n = 150 normal-weight and n = 150 obese). Their circulating lipid and glucose concentrations were measured using colorimetric enzymatic assays, and their hs-CRP, ApoA, and ApoB concentrations were measured using turbidimetric assays. Results The most prevalent abnormalities in the participants with high cardiovascular risk, determined using an hs-CRP >28.57 nmol/L, were high waist circumference (85.7%), obesity (83.9%), high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (64.3%), low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (50%), Apo B in the highest tertile (39.3%), hypertriglyceridemia (35.7%), and high blood pressure (30.4%). In addition, there were strong associations between hs-CRP >28.57 nmol/L and obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 13.9), high waist circumference (OR = 8.0), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 4.0), high blood pressure (OR = 3.4), hypercholesterolemia (OR = 2.8), and Apo B in the highest tertile (OR = 2.4). Conclusion The principal cardiometabolic alterations associated with high cardiovascular risk, determined using hs-CRP, are obesity, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure in young adults.

Management of high blood pressure in patients with high cardiovascular risk

Medic ro ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (124) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Svetlana Moșteoru ◽  
Roxana Pleavă ◽  
Claudia Hudrea ◽  
Laura Gaiţă ◽  
Dan Gaiţă
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk

Assessment of the carotid artery intima-media complex through ultrasonography and the relationship with Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1333-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thacira D. A. Ramos ◽  
Tatianne M. E. Dantas ◽  
Mônica O. S. Simões ◽  
Danielle F. Carvalho ◽  
Carla C. M. Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Z Score ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the presence of carotid thickening and its relationship with the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth score.MethodsWe carried out a cross-sectional study involving 512 brazilian adolescents. Variables such as sex, body mass index, concentrations of non-high-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin A1c levels that make up the score, and carotid thickening through the intima-media complex measured by ultrasound were evaluated. We adopted two cut-off points to evaluate carotid thickening, being considered altered for those higher or equal to the z-score 2+ and ⩾75th percentile. The association was assessed using the χ2 test and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.ResultsHigh cardiovascular risk was present in 10.2% of the adolescents; carotid thickness was present in 4.3% determined by the z-score 2+ and in 25.0% determined by the 75th percentile. When measured by the z-score, carotid thickening was associated with high systolic blood pressure (p=0.024), high-non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.039), and high cardiovascular risk assessed by the score and by the 75th percentile, with body mass index >30 (p=0.005). In the multivariate analysis, high cardiovascular risk was found to be independently associated with the presence of carotid thickness evaluated by the z-score, with risk four times greater (p=0.010) of presenting with this condition compared with individuals with low risk, and this fact was not observed when factors were analysed alone.ConclusionThe presence of high cardiovascular risk in adolescents assessed by the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth score was associated with marked thickening of the carotid artery in healthy adolescents.

Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Real-Life Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Grand ◽  
Daniel Bia ◽  
Alejandro Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Assessment ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Bibliographic Search ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: People living with HIV (PLWHIV) have a 2-fold higher risk of having a cardiovascular event than HIV-negative individuals. Objectives: The objective of this article is to estimate the pooled proportion of moderate-high cardiovascular risk in PLWHIV obtained through different scores. In addition, this study also aims to establish the prevalence of dyslipidemia, smoking habits, diabetes and high blood pressure in the included studies. Methods: A bibliographic search was conducted in MEDLINE for studies on cardiovascular risk assessment in PLWHVI that took place during the period of inception to July 2018. The eligibility criteria for inclusion were: cross-sectional or longitudinal studies on HIV-positive adults in which the prevalence of moderate-high cardiovascular risk (or data to calculate it) was reported, and included at least one of the following cardiovascular risk scores: Framingham, ASCVD, D:A:D, Progetto Cuore, PROCAM, SCORE, Regicor, and World Health Organization scores. Results: Bibliographic search identified 278 studies. Finally, thirty-nine peer-reviewed publications were identified for a collective total of 13698 subjects. The pooled prevalence of moderate-high cardiovascular risk in PLWHIV obtained with nine different scores through random-effect modeling was 20.41% (95% CI: 16.77-24.31). The most prevalent concomitant cardiovascular risk factor was dyslipidemia (39.5%), smoking (33.0 %), high blood pressure (19.8%) and diabetes (7.24%). Conclusions: Data obtained in this systematic review indicate that more than 1 in every five subjects with HIV have a moderate-high cardiovascular risk. In consequence, the burden of cardiovascular disease in PLWHIV represents a public health problem. There is an urgent need to develop strategies to prevent and detect cardiovascular risk effectively in PLWHIV.

scholarly journals Gender and cardiovascular risk in rotational shift workers in the Arctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-456
Author(s):  
N. P. Shurkevich ◽  
A. S. Vetoshkin ◽  
L. I. Gapon ◽  
A. A. Simonyan ◽  
S. M. Dyachkov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Hs Crp

Objective. To study gender differences in potential risk factors (RF) for cardiovascular diseases in rotational shift workers in the Arctic.Design and methods.Out of 213 examined patients, 183 individuals were enrolled in groups within 6 days of September 2019, in the polar settlement of Yamburg (68 N), on the basis of Health Service LLC “Gazprom Dobycha Yamburg” medical unit. They were comparable by age: 99 were males (M) aged 48 years (41,5; 58,5) and 81 were females (F) aged 49 years (43,6; 58,1) (p = 0,441); by number of years of rotational shift work: 16,5 (9,0; 26,4) years in M and 16,3 (8,5; 26,9) years in F (p = 0,635); by number of individuals with hypertension: 49,5% were M, 43,9% were F (p = 0,344) and normotensive individuals (p = 0,544). Office blood pressure was 149,4 (119,1; 180,2) mmHg in M group, 149,6 (128,5; 178,5) mmHg in F group (p = 0,250). All patients underwent ultrasound examination of carotid arteries (CA) for the detection of atherosclerotic plaque (ASP), and assessment of local stiffness parameters of CA and femoral arteries (FA); cardio-ankle vascular index, and pulse wave velocity. In addition, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, echocardiography with calculation of HFpEF probability using H2FPEF score (Heavy; Hypertensive; Atrial Fibrillation; Pulmonary Hypertension; Elder; Filling Pressure); blood tests (lipid spectrum, levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), homocysteine, C-peptide, insulin, brain natriuretic propeptide (NT-pro-BNP)) were performed. The following RF were assessed: smoking, physical activity, and perceived stress level.Results. Overweight (p = 0,039), smoking (p = 0,014) were more common in M than in F. Low self-esteem level of psychosocial stress was more frequently registered in F: 93% vs 54 % (p < 0,0001), while mean level was more often found in M: 46% vs 7 % (p < 0,0001). In M group, there was a significant increase in homocysteine (p < 0,001), which was associated with higher stiffness index β in CA (p = 0,004) and FA (p = 0,004), Peterson’s elastic modulus Ep CA (p = 0,009), higher detection rate of ASP in CA (p = 0,021). F group showed significant increase in hs-CRP (p = 0,03), and NT-pro-BNP, (p < 0,001). Odds ratio of gender-related indicators showed association of male sex with arterial stiffness, formation of ASP in CA, while female sex was associated with markers of systemic inflammation and neurohumoral activation. There were no significant differences between M and F regarding HFpEF probability, assessed by H2FPEF score (p = 0,303).Conclusions. Our data will allow for identifying the most significant factors with high gender-specific cardiovascular risk in rotating shift-workers in the Arctic which can play role in cardiovascular prevention and early diagnosis with the focus on economic efficiency.

scholarly journals Group and individual patients’ training impact on effectiveness of controlling cardiovascular risk factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
G. S. Isayeva ◽  
L. A. Reznik ◽  
M. M. Vovchenko ◽  
O. O. Buryakovska ◽  
N. Yu. Emelyanova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Steps Per Day ◽  
Very High

The aim – to compare the effectiveness of group versus individual patients’ training of the medical basics to control the essential cardiovascular risk factors. Materials and methods. The study included 210 patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk. The first group comprised 75 patients who studied in Health Schools «Basics of Healthy Life Style». The second group comprised 75 patients who were offered individual consulting. 60 patients were representatives of the control group. Patients of both experimental groups were examined before the beginning and at the end of the training course. General clinical examination was carried out, anthropometric indicators were identified (body weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, body build), blood pressure, glucose content, cholesterol and its fractions in blood. Results and discussion. In both groups of patients reliable reduction of blood pressure values was observed. For example, at the beginning of the study the number of patients with blood pressure target values was 31 persons (41.8 %) among the patients of the first group and 46 persons (60.9 %) among the patients of the second group. In the first group the average indicators of lipid metabolism did not show reliable change. However, in the second group the reliable reduction of total cholesterol by 21.1 % (р=0.031), low density lipoprotein cholesterol by 20.1 % (р=0.04) and the rise of the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol by 11 % (р=0.03) were found. Such behavioral risk factors as smoking, alcohol and table salt consumption did not reliably change in both groups of patients. Physical activities, assessed by the number of steps per day, did not reliably change in the first group 2311.6±1672.4 m steps per day and 2033.33±1980.27 steps per day (р=0.205), but it rose in the second group – from (2346.67±1845.54) m steps at the beginning of the study to 2654.67±1922.08 m at the end of the study (р=0.007). In the first group the life quality indicators, assessed by the data from questionnaires using SF-36 Health Status Survey, did not reliably change (58.66±16.21 and 62.54±16.39, р=0.062), in the second group it rose significantly – from 58.16±9.88 to 67.21±14.34 (р=0.008). Conclusions. The results of our research demonstrated higher effectiveness of the individual education compared to the group training. Group training of the patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk in the Health Schools «Basics of Healthy Life Style» encourages better control of blood pressure, but it does not significantly influence behavioral risk factors and lipid metabolism indicators in the patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk. Individual training of the patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk leads to significant reduction of blood pressure values, improves lipid metabolism indicators, increases physical activity and enhances life quality indicators.

scholarly journals Association between Hs-CRP and other Cardiovascular Risk Factors with Blood Pressure in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmak A.S. ◽  
Aszrin A. ◽  
Nor Zamzila A. ◽  
Aida N.S M. S. ◽  
Azarisman S.M.S.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Preventable Risk Factor ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hs Crp

INTRODUCTION: Hypertension remains the leading preventable risk factor for premature mortality and morbidity worldwide. The use of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as the global risk prediction assessment for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in asymptomatic individuals suggests the possibility that higher hs-CRP, or subclinical inflammation, maybe one of the causal factors contributing to an increased risk of CVD in young hypertensive patients. Most studies of hypertension and hs-CRP association were conducted regionally, whereby most of the participants were Caucasians with age beyond 40 years old. Studies of this association among young adults in Asian populations are lacking, therefore, a generalization of data might be limited to certain ages and populations only. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This comparative cross-sectional study analysed the association between hs-CRP and other cardiovascular risk factors with three different blood pressure statuses categorised into Normotensive (NT), Pre-hypertensive (PHT), and Hypertensive (HPT) groups among young adults in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. RESULTS: Independently, the association was significant only in males and subjects with parental history of hypertension in the prehypertensive group. However, in the hypertensive group, the relationships were significant not only in males and individuals with parental histories of hypertension but also in obese subjects. Hs[1]CRP was not associated with blood pressure status in the present study. CONCLUSION: The hypothesis that hs[1]CRP has an independent association with blood pressure status was not demonstrated in the present study. However, the observed association between circulating hs-CRP and blood pressure status is likely to be driven by confounders namely age, gender, genetic factors, and BMI status.

High blood pressure in young adults: 84 cases

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manel Jemel Hadiji ◽  
Yousra Hasni ◽  
Dorra Braham ◽  
Hela Marmouch ◽  
Ines Khochtali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
High Blood Pressure

scholarly journals The neurological level of spinal cord injury and cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Spinal Cord ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Francis Raguindin ◽  
Gion Fränkl ◽  
Oche Adam Itodo ◽  
Alessandro Bertolo ◽  
Ramona Maria Zeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract Study design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Objective To determine the difference in cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, lipid profile, and markers of glucose metabolism and inflammation) according to the neurological level of spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods We searched 5 electronic databases from inception until July 4, 2020. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers using a pre-defined data collection form. The pooled effect estimate was computed using random-effects models, and heterogeneity was calculated using I2 statistic and chi-squared test (CRD42020166162). Results We screened 4863 abstracts, of which 47 studies with 3878 participants (3280 males, 526 females, 72 sex unknown) were included in the meta-analysis. Compared to paraplegia, individuals with tetraplegia had lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure (unadjusted weighted mean difference, −14.5 mmHg, 95% CI −19.2, −9.9; −7.0 mmHg 95% CI −9.2, −4.8, respectively), lower triglycerides (−10.9 mg/dL, 95% CI −19.7, −2.1), total cholesterol (−9.9 mg/dL, 95% CI −14.5, −5.4), high-density lipoprotein (−1.7 mg/dL, 95% CI −3.3, −0.2) and low-density lipoprotein (−5.8 mg/dL, 95% CI −9.0, −2.5). Comparing individuals with high- vs. low-thoracic SCI, persons with higher injury had lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure (−10.3 mmHg, 95% CI −13.4, −7.1; −5.3 mmHg 95% CI −7.5, −3.2, respectively), while no differences were found for low-density lipoprotein, serum glucose, insulin, and inflammation markers. High heterogeneity was partially explained by age, prevalent cardiovascular diseases and medication use, body mass index, sample size, and quality of studies. Conclusion In SCI individuals, the level of injury may be an additional non-modifiable cardiovascular risk factor. Future well-designed longitudinal studies with sufficient follow-up and providing sex-stratified analyses should confirm our findings and explore the role of SCI level in cardiovascular health and overall prognosis and survival.

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