scholarly journals Validation of the local applicability of the ‘TIB’ Olfactory Test Device in the era of COVID-19

2022 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 030006052110692
Author(s):  
Rong-San Jiang ◽  
Jing-Jie Wang ◽  
Kai-Li Liang ◽  
Kai-Hsiang Shih
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Olfactory Test ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
The University

Objective To evaluate the validity and test–retest reliability of the novel ‘TIB’ Olfactory Test Device (TIB) and to determine its normative values. Methods The study stratified the study subjects into normosmic, hyposmic and anosmic groups according to their olfactory function. The olfactory function of the subjects was evaluated using both the traditional Chinese version of the University of Pennsylvania of Smell Identification Test (UPSIT-TC) and the TIB. The normosmic group was used to retest with the UPSIT-TC and TIB at an inter-test interval of at least 7 days. The cut-off scores of TIB among the three different groups were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results This study enrolled 180 subjects: 60 in each group. The mean scores of TIB were 44.1 for the normosmic group, 27.5 for the hyposmic group and 10.9 for the anosmic group. The TIB scores were significantly different across the three groups. There was a significant correlation between the first and second TIB tests ( r = 0.506). The cut-off scores were 41 for normosmic subjects and 24 for hyposmic subjects. Conclusion The validity and test–retest reliability results suggest that the TIB is an appropriate olfactory test for the Taiwanese population.

Age, Sex, and Repeated Measures Effects on NASA’s “Cognition” Test Battery in STEM Educated Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Lee ◽  
Tyler M. Moore ◽  
Mathias Basner ◽  
Jad Nasrini ◽  
David R. Roalf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Spatial Reasoning ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Neurocognitive Test ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
The University

BACKGROUND: Cognition is a neurocognitive test battery created at the University of Pennsylvania and adapted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). It comprises 10 neurocognitive tests that examine multiple domains, and has been validated in a normative sample of STEM-educated adults and compared to NASA’s WinSCAT battery.METHODS: The purpose of this study was to follow the original sample to assess Cognition and WinSCAT’s test-retest reliability and age, sex, and test-retest interval effects on performance.RESULTS: Performance on both Cognition and WinSCAT decreased with age but improved with repeated administration due to practice effects, and men had higher scores than women on tasks that required vigilant attention, spatial reasoning, and risk-taking behaviors. Assessment of test-retest reliability showed intraclass coefficients for efficiency ranging from 0.417 to 0.810, reflecting the broad nature of constructs assessed by Cognition.DISCUSSION: Results largely matched predictions, with some counter-intuitive results for test-retest reliability interval.Lee G, Moore TM, Basner M, Nasrini J, Roalf DR, Ruparel K, Port AM, Dinges DF, Gur RC. Age, sex, and repeated measures effects on NASA’s “Cognition” Test Battery in STEM educated adults. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(1):18–25.

scholarly journals Recovery of Olfactory Function in Postviral Olfactory Dysfunction Patients after Acupuncture Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Dai ◽  
Zhihui Pang ◽  
Hongmeng Yu
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Olfactory Test ◽  
Standardized Treatment ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Smell Identification

Introduction. The aims of this study were to assess the impact of traditional Chinese acupuncture (TCA) in postviral olfactory dysfunction (PVOD) patients who were refractory to standardized treatment and to compare the results with the impact observed in an observation group.Methods. Fifty patients who presented to the outpatient clinic with PVOD and were refractory to standardized treatment were included: 25 were treated with TCA and 25 patients were simply observed. A subjective olfactory test was performed using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). The effects of TCA were compared with the results obtained in the observation group.Results. Improved olfactory function was observed in eleven patients treated with TCA compared with four patients in the observation group. This study revealed significantly improved olfactory function outcomes in patients who underwent acupuncture compared with the observation group. No significant differences in olfaction recovery were found according to age, gender, or duration of disease between the two groups; however, hyposmic patients recovered at a higher rate than anosmic patients.Conclusion. TCA may aid the treatment of PVOD patients who are refractory to drugs or other therapies.

scholarly journals The Brief International Cognitive Assessment in Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS): Validation in Arabic and Lebanese Normative Values

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hala Darwish ◽  
Pia Zeinoun ◽  
Natali Farran ◽  
Husam Ghusn ◽  
Bassem Yamout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Healthy Participants

Abstract Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is often associated with cognitive deficits. Accurate evaluation of the MS patients’ cognitive performance is essential for diagnosis and treatment recommendation. The Brief International Cognitive Assessment in Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS), widely used cognitive testing battery, examines processing speed, verbal and visuospatial learning, and memory. Our study aims to examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic version of the BICAMS and to provide normative values in a Lebanese sample. Method: The BICAMS, comprised of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R), and a newly developed verbal learning/memory test, the Verbal Memory Arabic Test (VMAT), were administered on healthy subjects and MS patients. The sample consisted of 180 healthy individuals, of whom 63 were retested after 2–3 weeks. Forty-three MS patients matched with 43 healthy subjects based on age, sex, and years of education were assessed. A sample of 10 MS patients was also examined on two occasions. Test–retest reliability and criterion-related validity were examined, and regression-based norms were derived. Results: The test–retest correlations showed good evidence of reliability with coefficients ranging between 0.64 and 0.73 in the healthy sample, and between 0.43 and 0.92 in the MS sample. The BICAMS was able to discriminate between MS patients and matched healthy participants on the SDMT and BVMT-R. Normative data were comparable to other studies. Conclusions: This new Arabic version of the BICAMS shows initial good psychometric properties. While good evidence of VMAT’s reliability was shown in the healthy participants, less test–retest reliability in this tool was seen in the MS group, and partial criterion-related validity was evident. This renders further examination of the VMAT. We provide regression-based norms for a Lebanese sample and encourage the use of this battery in both research and clinical settings.

External Validation and Test-Retest Reliability of Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire in Spanish Mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Torres-Giménez ◽  
Alba Roca-Lecumberri ◽  
Bàrbara Sureda ◽  
Susana Andrés-Perpiña ◽  
Bruma Palacios-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Outpatient Unit ◽  
Auc Value ◽  
Postpartum Bonding ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract The aim of the present study was to validate the Spanish Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) against external criteria of bonding disorder, as well as to establish its test-retest reliability. One hundred fifty-six postpartum women consecutively recruited from a perinatal mental health outpatient unit completed the PBQ at 4–6 weeks postpartum. Four weeks later, all mothers completed again the PBQ and were interviewed using the Birmingham Interview for Maternal Mental Health to establish the presence of a bonding disorder. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) value for the PBQ total score of 0.93, 95% CI [0.88, 0.98], with the optimal cut-off of 13 for detecting bonding disorders (sensitivity: 92%, specificity: 87%). Optimal cut-off scores for each scale were also obtained. The test-retest reliability coefficients were moderate to good. Our data confirm the validity of PBQ for detecting bonding disorders in Spanish population.

scholarly journals The Reliability, Validity and Normative Scores of the Bene-Anthony Family Relations Test for Use With Arab Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdrabo Soliman ◽  
Abdel-Salam G. Abdel-Salam ◽  
Mervat Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Family Relations ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Arab Children ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
The Impact

Background: The Bene-Anthony Family Relations Test (BAFRT) is one of the most widely used measures of family dynamics seen from a child’s perspective. However, the most common issue surrounding this test is the lack of accurate normative scores for use with non-white ethnic groups. The purpose of this study was to examine the BAFRT’s reliability and validity for use with Arab children, as well as to provide normative data for this group. Methods: The BAFRT was translated into Arabic and back-translated to ensure accuracy. The test was administered to a cohort of 394 Arab children, consisting of both cognitively normal children (n = 269) and children diagnosed with a psychological disorder (n = 125), all aged 5–8 years old. Test-retest reliability was assessed using a sub-set of children and validity was tested against clinical status as well as CBCL and SDQ measures. Normative measures were calculated after examining the impact of influencing variables such as age and gender. Results: Statistical analyses showed that in our cohort of Arab children the BAFRT has good test-retest reliability, correlates well with measures of emotional and behavioral adjustment, and discriminates accurately between clinical and non-clinical children. Age, gender, and clinical status all significantly impacted upon BAFRT scores and therefore normative values are presented from our cohort when considering these variables. Conclusion: The normative scores we present will provide researchers and clinicians an appropriate reference point for the comparison of scores from Arab children and a starting point for future research into this area.

scholarly journals Computerized Symbol Digit Modalities Test in a Swiss Pediatric Cohort Part 1: Validation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Hochstrasser ◽  
Sarah Rieder ◽  
Ursina Jufer-Riedi ◽  
Marie-Noëlle Klein ◽  
Anthony Feinstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reliable Change Index ◽  
Information Processing Speed ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Norm Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
The University ◽  
Mean Time

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to validate the computerized Symbol Digit Modalities Test (c-SDMT) in a Swiss pediatric cohort, in comparing the Swiss sample to the Canadian norms. Secondly, we evaluated sex effects, age-effects, and test–retest reliability of the c-SDMT in comparison to values obtained for the paper and pencil version of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT).MethodsThis longitudinal observational study was conducted in a single-center setting at the University Children’s Hospital of Bern. Our cohort consisted of 86 children (45 male and 41 female) aged from 8 to 16 years. The cohort included both healthy participants (n = 38) and patients (n = 48) hospitalized for a non-neurological disease. Forty eight participants were assessed during two testing sessions with the SDMT and the c-SDMT.ResultsTest–retest reliability was high in both tests (SDMT: ICC = 0.89, c-SDMT: ICC = 0.90). A reliable change index was calculated for the SDMT (RCIp = −3.18, 14.01) and the c-SDMT (RCIp = −5.45, 1.46) corrected for practice effects. While a significant age effect on information processing speed was observed, no such effect was found for sex. When data on the c-SDMT performance of the Swiss cohort was compared with that from a Canadian cohort, no significant difference was found for the mean time per trial in any age group. Norm values for age groups between 8 and 16 years in the Swiss cohort were established.ConclusionNorms for the c-SDMT between the Swiss and the Canadian cohort were comparable. The c-SDMT is a valid alternative to the SDMT. It is a feasible and easy to administer bedside tool due to high reliability and the lack of motor demands.

scholarly journals Spanish Validation for Olfactory Function Testing Using the Sniffin’ Sticks Olfactory Test: Threshold, Discrimination, and Identification

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 943
Author(s):  
María Luisa Delgado-Losada ◽  
Alice Helena Delgado-Lima ◽  
Jaime Bouhaben
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Olfactory Test ◽  
Spanish Validation ◽  
Healthy Sample ◽  
The One ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Function Testing

The assessment of olfactory function is becoming increasingly relevant, especially in cases of cognitive decline (i.e., neurodegenerative diseases), where olfactory alterations may be relevant as potential early biomarkers. The Sniffin’ Sticks Olfactory Test, developed in Germany and validated in several countries, is an objective measure of olfactory performance. This study aims to validate this test in a Spanish sample. This study included 209 healthy normosmic volunteers (154 females and 55 males) aged between 20 to 79 years (mean age = 50.11 ± 15.18 years) as the normative sample. From this group, 22 participants were retested in order to obtain test–retest reliability evidence. Odor familiarity for descriptors in the olfactory identification test was also studied on an independent healthy sample (n = 69), and required cultural modifications were applied. Results indicate that men and women, as well as smokers and non-smokers, performed equally in every test. However, significant differences were found between age groups in every score. The general trend is that olfactory function progressively decreases as a function of age, the elderly group (+60 years) being the one with the lowest scores. In conclusion, this normative data, in addition to the test’s cultural modifications, allows the Sniffin’ Sticks Olfactory Test to be administered on a Spanish population.

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