Migraine With Aura Is Related to Delayed Motor Control Reaction and Imbalance Following External Perturbations

Background: It is evidenced that migraineurs present balance deficits. However, the balance recovery following unexpected ground perturbations, which reflect conditions of everyday activities, has not been investigated in this population.Aim: We aimed to assess the reactive postural responses among patients with migraine with and without aura, chronic migraine, and controls. We further aimed to assess the factors associated with greater self-report of falls.Methods: Ninety patients diagnosed by headache specialists were equally classified into three migraine subgroups according to the presence of aura and chronic migraine. Thirty controls were also recruited. All participants underwent the motor control test (MCT) and adaptation test (ADT) protocols of dynamic posturography tests (EquiTest®, NeuroCom, USA). Clinical and headache features and information on falls in the previous year, fear of falling, and vestibular symptoms were also assessed.Results: Patients with aura presented a greater sway area in most of the MCT conditions than the other three groups (p = 0.001). The aura group also presented delayed latency responses after perturbations compared with controls and patients without aura (p < 0.03). In the ADT, a greater sway area was observed in patients with aura than in groups without aura, chronic migraine, and controls (p < 0.0001). The MCT and ADT sway area, the frequency of aura, and the fear of falling explained 46% of the falls in the previous 12 months.Conclusion: Patients with aura exhibited greater delay and sway area after unexpected ground perturbations than controls and other migraine subgroups, which are related to the reported number of falls.

Adaptation test and selection of numbu mutant sweet sorghum lines for character improvement of numbu variety

Sweet sorghum is a potential crop of agro-industry for food, feed and bioenergy. The availability of sweet sorghum varieties in Indonesia is still limited. One of the varieties that have a great demand is Numbu. Numbu has a large seed size, attractive color and contains juice in the stem, however it is still has weaken on small stems and low and unstable brix juice content. The efforts to assemble new superior varieties can be achieved through mutation breeding activities. Mutant lines produced from irradiation of Numbu varieties are expected to experience better character improvements than Numbu varieties. This study aims to find out the character improvements that occur in Numbu mutant lines which are tested in several different locations and to select potential Numbu mutant lines to be released as new superior sweet sorghum varieties. The research was conducted in five environments using 10 Numbu mutant lines and arranged into randomize block design with 3 replications. The results showed that the environment, genetic and interaction of genetic x environment had a significant effect for all observed, while the interaction of genetic x environments value for all observed characters have high variation depend on environment and environement gave the biggest contribution to variation, however generally mutant lines were have a better characters than Numbu variety There is no important characters has stability performance in various environment, but they have a good performance on specific environment. Four mutant lines those have the potential to be released as new superior varieties were MNB3, MNB5, MNB8 and MNB10.

Efficacies of preoperative prism adaptation test and monocular occlusion for detecting the maximum angle of deviation in intermittent exotropia

Background The efficacies of prism adaptation test (PAT) and monocular occlusion (MO) and their optimal test durations to detect the maximum angles of deviation at near and distance in eyes with intermittent exotropia (IXT) were assessed and compared. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 72 patients with IXT. All the patients had undergone the initial strabismus surgery between April 2015 and October 2018 and had been preoperatively tested by both PAT and MO performed on different days for 30 and 60 min. Near and distance deviations after 30 and 60 min of PAT and MO were compared to their baseline measurements obtained immediately after prism wear and before occlusion by alternate prism cover test. The near/distance measurements and required test duration to reveal the maximum deviation angle were also compared between PAT and MO. Results Compared with the baseline, the near deviation by PAT significantly increased after 30 (P < 0.05) and 60 (P < 0.01) minutes but not the distance deviation. However, the increase after 30 min was not significant. By MO, neither near nor distance deviation showed a significant difference from the baseline after 30 and 60 min. PAT showed a significantly larger near deviation than MO at 30 and 60 min, but a larger distance deviation by PAT was only observed at 30 min. Conclusions In patients with basic and convergence insufficiency types of IXT, a 30-minute PAT appears to be more effective than MO in revealing the maximum angle of deviation before strabismus surgery.

Stabilitas hasil dan adaptabilitas galur-galur harapan kacang Bogor di tiga lokasi

AbstrakKacang Bogor (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) potensial dikembangkan sebagai komoditi pangan rendah lemak. Pengembangan dan peningkatan hasil komoditas ini dapat dilakukan melalui penyediaan varietas unggul. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil enam galur harapan kacang Bogor, yaitu GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, dan BBL 6.1.1. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga lokasi yang memiliki karakteristik ketinggian tempat, kondisi lahan, dan musim tanam berbeda. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis varians gabungan. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk menentukan stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil berdasarkan Eberhart-Russell dan Finlay-Wilkinson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat interaksi genotipe x lingkungan pada bobot hasil panen polong segar dan bobot hasil biji kering. Galur GSG 2.5 dan CCC 1.4.1 mempunyai hasil polong segar dengan rata-rata 15,50 t ha-1 dan 15,71 t ha-1 dan hasil biji kering dengan rata-rata 4,58 t ha-1 dan 4,57 t.ha-1 yang stabil dan beradaptasi luas. Galur GSG 1.5 dan BBL 6.1.1 merupakan galur yang mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi untuk polong segar dengan rata-rata 17,16 t ha-1 dan 18,90 t.ha-1 pada lingkungan yang produktif.Kata Kunci: interaksi G x E, kacang Bogor, pemuliaan tanaman, stabilitas hasil, uji adaptasi Abstract The bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) has the potential to become a low-fat food commodity. The development and improvement of this commodity yield can be accomplished through the introduction of superior varieties. The purpose of this study were to investigate the yield stability and adaptation of six potential Bambara groundnut lines, namely GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, and BBL 6.1.1. The study was carried out in three different locations with varying altitude, land type, and growing season. A randomized block design with three replications was implemented in the experiment, which was then followed by a combined analysis of variance. Regression analysis was used to determine the stability and adaptation of yield based on Eberhart-Russell and Finlay-Wilkinson. The results revealed that there was an interaction between genotypes and environments on yield of fresh pods weight and yield of dried seeds weight. Lines of GSG 2.5 and CCC 1.4.1 had fresh pod yields with an average of 15.50 t ha-1 and 15.71 t ha-1 and dry seed yields an average of 4.58 t ha-1 and 4.57 t ha-1 which is stable and wide adaptations. In an ideal environment, the GSG 1.5 and BBL 6.1.1 lines had high yield potential for fresh pods, with an average of 17.16 t ha-1 and 18.90 t ha-1.Keywords: adaptation test, Bambara groundnut, G x E interaction, plant breeding, yield stability

The Effects of Interpersonal Stress and Resilience on Adjustment to College Life of Students Participating in Residential College(RC) Program

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of college life adaptation, stress and resilience on RC program participants.,The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the expansion of exchanges between students through various RC operations on university life. Methods: The collected data were analyzed by correlation analysis for the relationship between college life adaptation and interpersonal stress resilience.(SPSS ver. 23.0, p<0.05). In order to examine the differences between the students who participated in the program and the students who did not participate in the RC program conducted in the dormitory, the study conducted interpersonal stress, university life adaptation test, and resilience test. Results: The results of this study were conducted on the students who participated in the RC program operated by the university, and the importance of interpersonal relations was confirmed in the adaptation to college life. Stable interpersonal relationships can increase adaptability to college life. Conclusions: Through this study, it is expected that stable college life will be maintained through positive activities with various people.

Efficacies of preoperative prism adaptation test and monocular occlusion for detecting the maximum angle of deviation in intermittent exotropia

Purpose: The efficacies of prism adaptation test (PAT) and monocular occlusion (MO) and their optimal test durations to detect the maximum angles of deviation at near and distance in eyes with intermittent exotropia (IXT) were assessed and compared. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 72 patients with IXT, who had undergone the initial strabismus surgery between April 2015 and October 2018 and had been preoperatively tested by PAT and MO. The near and distance deviations measured after 30- and 60-minute PAT and MO were compared with the baseline measurements obtained immediately after prism wear and before occlusion. The measurements and the required durations for obtaining the maximum deviation angle were also compared between PAT and MO. Results: Compared with the baseline, the near deviation by PAT significantly increased after 30 (p < 0.05) and 60 (p < 0.01) minutes but not the distance deviation. Besides, the increase in the near deviation after 30 minutes was not significant. By MO, neither near nor distance deviation showed a significant difference from the baseline after 30 and 60 minutes. While the near deviations by PAT were significantly greater than those by MO at 30 and 60 minutes, a similar result was only observed at 30 minutes in the distance deviation. Conclusion: A 30-minute PAT appears to be more effective than MO in revealing the maximum angle of deviation before strabismus surgery.

Sensory, voluntary, and motor postural control in children and adolescents with mucopolysaccharidosis

Objectives This study aimed to investigate automatic and voluntary motor control performances, which have an important function in maintaining balance, in children and adolescents with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS). Methods The records of 70 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The results of Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP) performed according to the age and development of the individuals were examined. The results of 10 children and adolescents with MPS (mean age: 9.43 ranging from 6 to 14; four males and six females) who completed the sensory analysis, Weight-Bearing Squat Test, and Adaptation Test were retrieved from the database of the CDP. Nine healthy children and adolescents with typical development (mean age: 9.63 ranging from 6 to 14; four males and five females) were included as the control group. Results In the sensory analysis test, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the visual ratio parameter. In the adaptation test, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the toes up and toes down trials. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the Weight-Bearing Squat test at 0° knee extension and various knee flexions. Conclusions Children and adolescents with MPS should be directed to the appropriate exercise and therapy programs to develop postural and balance control, which have a significant effect on their quality of life and the ability to independently perform daily activities of living. In addition to routine hearing assessments for patients with MPS, other objective tests used in the differential diagnosis of balance and vestibular system should also be implemented.