Safety and Efficacy of Picotamide, a Dual Anti-Thromboxane Agent, in Patients with Thrombocytosis and a Previous Thromboembolic Event: A 1-Year Observational Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Pogliani ◽  
M Milani
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Thromboxane A2 ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disease ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Anti Platelet Drug

Patients with chronic myeloproliferative disease are at increased risk of both thromboembolic and haemorrhagic complications. Cerebral thrombosis is a common cause of death in myeloproliferative disease patients. Picotamide is a new anti-platelet drug sharing a dual anti-thromboxane activity: inhibition of thromboxane A2 synthase and thromboxane A2 receptor antagonism. Picotamide inhibits in vitro and ex vivo platelet aggregation induced by different agonists. Interestingly, in vitro studies show that picotamide is able to increase prostacycline biosynthesis. In the clinical setting, picotamide treatment induces only a slight prolongation of bleeding time. The safety and efficacy of picotamide long-term treatment in 15 patients with essential thrombocytosis and a positive history of previous thromboembolic events was evaluated. After 12-month treatment with picotamide no patients suffered from thrombotic events and only one minor and transient bleeding episode was observed. This observational long-term trial shows that picotamide treatment in patients with thrombocytosis at high risk of thrombotic events is safe and well tolerated. Picotamide did not increase the risk of bleeding in these patients, while at the same time, no thrombotic events were observed during the 1-year treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Small Molecule Combinations against Respiratory Syncytial Virus In Vitro

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2607
Author(s):  
Yuzhen Gao ◽  
Jingjing Cao ◽  
Pan Xing ◽  
Ralf Altmeyer ◽  
Youming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Fusion Inhibitors ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Statistical Program ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major pathogen that causes severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants, the elderly and the immunocompromised worldwide. At present no approved specific drugs or vaccines are available to treat this pathogen. Recently, several promising candidates targeting RSV entry and multiplication steps are under investigation. However, it is possible to lead to drug resistance under the long-term treatment. Therapeutic combinations constitute an alternative to prevent resistance and reduce antiviral doses. Therefore, we tested in vitro two-drug combinations of fusion inhibitors (GS5806, Ziresovir and BMS433771) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex (RdRp) inhibitors (ALS8176, RSV604, and Cyclopamine). The statistical program MacSynergy II was employed to determine synergism, additivity or antagonism between drugs. From the result, we found that combinations of ALS8176 and Ziresovir or GS5806 exhibit additive effects against RSV in vitro, with interaction volume of 50 µM2% and 31 µM2% at 95% confidence interval, respectively. On the other hand, all combinations between fusion inhibitors showed antagonistic effects against RSV in vitro, with volume of antagonism ranging from −50 µM2 % to −176 µM2 % at 95% confidence interval. Over all, our results suggest the potentially therapeutic combinations in combating RSV in vitro could be considered for further animal and clinical evaluations.

Long-Term Treatment with Pivmecillinam in Patients with Recurrent Bacteriuria

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-182
Author(s):  
B Bresky ◽  
K Lincoln
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Tract Infections

Thirty out-patients with chronic recurrent urinary tract infections, who had failed to respond to 10 days treatment with either pivmecillinam and/or amoxycillin, received a 3-month course of pivmecillinam at a dose of 200 mg, three times daily. Twenty-seven patients had bacteriuria due to Enterobacteriaceae, mainly Escherichia coli, sensitive to mecillinam in vitro. Pivmecillinam eradicated all the initial urinary pathogens. Reinfections occurred during treatment in three patients, who remained asymptomatic. Four subjects complained of gastro-intestinal side-effects, and therapy was withdrawn in three instances. Another three patients described unusual adverse events towards the end of the course of treatment, described as an odd sensation in the body and a desire for salt. The sensation disappeared a few days after the end of treatment. Treatment with pivmecillinam had no adverse effect on haematopoietic, hepatic or renal function.

scholarly journals Pharmacogenetic association between NAT2 gene polymorphisms and isoniazid induced hepatotoxicity: trial sequence meta-analysis as evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif Khan ◽  
Raju K. Mandal ◽  
Abdulbaset Mohamed Elasbali ◽  
Sajad A. Dar ◽  
Arshad Jawed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Trial Sequence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Nat2 Gene

Abstract Hepatotoxicity is a severe problem generally faced by tuberculosis (TB) patients. It is a well-known adverse reaction due to anti-TB drugs in TB patients undergoing long-term treatment. The studies published previously have explored the connection of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) gene polymorphisms with isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity, but the results obtained were inconsistent and inconclusive. A comprehensive trial sequence meta-analysis was conducted employing 12 studies comprising 3613 controls and 933 confirmed TB cases using the databases namely, EMBASE, PubMed (Medline) and Google Scholar till December 2017. A significant association was observed with individuals carrying variant allele at position 481C>T (T vs. C: P = 0.001; OR = 1.278, 95% CI = 1.1100–1.484), at position 590G>A (A vs. G: P = 0.002; OR = 1.421, 95% CI = 1.137–1.776) and at position 857G>A (A vs. G: P = 0.0022; OR = 1.411, 95% CI = 1.052–1.894) to higher risk of hepatotoxicity vis-à-vis wild-type allele. Likewise, the other genetic models of NAT2 gene polymorphisms have also shown increased risk of hepatotoxicity. No evidence of publication bias was observed. These results suggest that genetic variants of NAT2 gene have significant role in isoniazid induced hepatotoxicity. Thus, NAT2 genotyping has the potential to improve the understanding of the drug–enzyme metabolic capacity and help in early predisposition of isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals The In Vitro Antiplasmodial Activities of Aqueous Extracts of Selected Ghanaian Herbal Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Cudjoe ◽  
Dickson Donu ◽  
Ruth E. Okonu ◽  
Jones A. Amponsah ◽  
Linda E. Amoah
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Sybr Green ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Polyalthia Longifolia

Background. The asexual and sexual stages (gametocytes) of Plasmodium falciparum parasites are known to respond differently to antimalarial drugs. Herbal products with extended treatment regimens and inadequate dosing information are widely used to treat malaria in Ghana. This study set out to determine the in vitro activity of selected herbal extracts on the development of asexual and sexual stage malaria parasites. Methods. The 72-hour SYBR Green 1-based in vitro drug assay was used to determine the asexual parasite growth inhibitory effects exhibited by aqueous extracts of Alchornea cordifolia, Polyalthia longifolia, Moringa oleifera, and Mangifera indica on the NF54, CamWT_C580Y, and IPC 4912 strains of Plasmodium falciparum. The effects of exposure of asexual and early-stage NF54 gametocytes to varying concentrations of the aqueous herbal extracts were assessed by microscopy after 7 days of continuous culturing in the presence of the herbal extract. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening were also performed on the herbal extracts. Results. In the SYBR Green 1 assay, aqueous extracts of Alchornea cordifolia exhibited moderate (IC50 of 5.8, 17.4, and 15.8 μg/ml) and Mangifera indica exhibited low (IC50 of 65.4, 96.7, and 81.7 μg/ml) activities against the NF54, Cam WT_C580Y, and IPC 4912 parasites, respectively, whilst Polyalthia longifolia and Moringa oleifera were inactive. Long-term treatment of NF54 parasites with 1 mg/ml of Polyalthia longifolia produced the highest densities of gametocytes and the least (56%) inhibition of asexual parasites on Day 7. Long-term treatment of NF54 parasites with 10 μg/ml Alchornea cordifolia resulted in complete parasite (asexual and gametocyte) clearance on Day 7. Conclusions. Alchornea cordifolia exhibited a ‘moderate’ activity against the three parasites tested in the 72-hour SYBR Green 1 assay and also effectively cleared both asexual parasites and gametocytes. Long-term treatment of malaria parasites with herbal extracts mimics a treatment regimen and should be used to determine the antimalarial properties of herbal extracts.

Biocompatibility of Charcoal Hemoperfusion. Effects of Long-Term Treatment on Lymphocyte Characteristics and Function

1986 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Stefoni ◽  
A. Nanni Costa ◽  
G. Liviano D'Arcangelo ◽  
M. Biavati ◽  
S. lannelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Circulating Lymphocytes ◽  
And Function ◽  
Charcoal Hemoperfusion

Biocompatibility of charcoal hemoperfusion was studied in a group of 15 uremic patients, evaluating the effects of long-term treatment on some structural and functional parameters of circulating lymphocytes: in vivo distribution of T-cell subsets; surface T3, T4 and T8 antigen expression, in vivo and in vitro DNA synthesis. A comparative analysis was performed with patients on conventional dialysis using cuprophan membranes.

Effects of long term treatment with corticotropin releasing factor on corticotropic tumor cells in vitro

1998 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F Melzig ◽  
G Papsdorf ◽  
R Loose ◽  
A Winkler ◽  
M Beyermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Medical Consequences of Long-term Treatment of Acromegaly

2010 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Rosario Pivonello ◽  
Renata S Auriemma ◽  
Mariano Galdiero ◽  
Ludovica FS Grasso ◽  
Annamaria Colao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Tumour Mass ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Impact

This article discusses the impact of long-term treatment of acromegaly on cardiovascular, metabolic, respiratory and articular complications as well as on malignancies. The main goals of treatment of acromegaly include normalisation of biochemical markers of disease activity, improvement in signs and symptoms of the disease, removal or reduction of tumour mass and preservation of pituitary function, together with prevention of complications. Cardiovascular and respiratory complications are the main causes of morbidity and mortality, whereas neoplasms are a minor cause of increased risk of death. Other associated diseases are arthropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome and reproductive disorders. The prolonged elevation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I levels results in premature death, whereas strong biochemical control improves wellbeing and restores life expectancy to normal.

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