Polymorphic Epithelial Mucin (PEM) Epitopes in the Estimation of the Sequence of Neoplastic Changes in Colon Adenocarcinoma

1993 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Barbara Slesak ◽  
Antonina Harlozinska ◽  
Jadwiga Lapinska ◽  
Zbigniew Knapik
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Normal Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Adjacent Mucosa ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Cellular Abnormalities

Aims The relation between the expression of PEM epitopes and the sequence of neoplastic changes in individual patients with colon adenocarcinoma was investigated. Methode Immunohistochemical staining was performed using four monoclonal antibodies to PEM epitopes (139H2, 140C1, 115D8, 115F5) on tissue sections from frankly malignant lesions, adjacent mucosa, colonic mucosa taken 1 cm and 5 cm from the lesion and normal control mucosa. Results A clear correlation between PEM expression and the site of mucosa sampling was demonstrated. The expression of PEM molecules defined by all studied monoclonal antibodies was highest in colon adenocarcinoma, similar but slightly weaker in adjacent mucosa and colon mucosa taken 1 cm from the frankly malignant lesion, lowest in mucosa 5 cm from the lesion, and virtually absent in control normal colonic mucosa. Conclusions The immunological changes could be one of the first signs of a premalignant process and the estimation of PEM epitopes could show some cellular abnormalities not detectable by standard pathomorphological criteria.

Versatility of biotin-labeled lectins and avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex for localization of carbohydrate in tissue sections.

1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Hsu ◽  
L Raine
Keyword(s):  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Medullary Carcinoma ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Normal Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Colonic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Breast ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Membranous Staining

Carbohydrate residues in tissue can be localized by a very sensitive, specific, and simple technique, utilizing a biotin-labeled lectin followed by an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC). Distribution of peanut receptors in benign and malignant tissues was found to be quite different. Normal colonic mucosa occasionally shows small dot staining in the supranuclear cytoplasm, while the tumor cells of colonic adenocarcinoma tend to show diffuse cytoplasmic or membranous staining. Normal breast ductal epithelium shows membranous staining at luminal borders, while medullary carcinoma of the breast shows distinct membranous and cytoplasmic staining. The use of this avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique may contribute to understanding the process of tumorigenesis as well as providing a sensitive method to determine early stages of malignant transformation.

Mucin Stain on Frozen Sections

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-380
Author(s):  
Suchetha Soans ◽  
Lorenzo M. Galindo ◽  
Fernando U. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Staining Procedure ◽  
Normal Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Paget Disease ◽  
Frozen Tissue

Abstract Context.—The importance of frozen-section diagnoses in the practice of pathology cannot be overemphasized. In some cases, the use of a mucin stain can greatly aid in the diagnosis. Since few methods for mucin staining have been described that can be used in the frozen-section setting, we developed one such staining procedure for mucin. Objective.—To develop a rapid mucicarmine staining technique to be used on frozen sections that does not significantly delay overall turnaround time. Design.—A standard mucicarmine staining technique was modified by using a concentrated mucicarmine stain and a microwave oven, to reduce the total staining time to 3 minutes or less. Frozen tissue from normal colonic mucosa was used as a control, and skin from extramammary Paget disease for evaluation of margins was used as a case. Results.—The rapid mucicarmine stain successfully demonstrated the presence of mucin on frozen-tissue sections. Mucin stained deep rose, and the connective tissue stained green. Conclusion.—This rapid and simple mucin staining technique can be used on frozen sections with no significant effect on the overall turnaround time, thereby aiding rapid diagnosis on frozen sections.

scholarly journals Filiform polyposis with sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Okuno ◽  
Takamitsu Kanazawa ◽  
Hirohisa Kishi ◽  
Hiroyuki Anzai ◽  
Koji Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sigmoid Colon ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Resected Specimen ◽  
Normal Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reparative Process ◽  
Inflammatory Polyposis ◽  
Filiform Polyposis

Abstract Background Filiform polyposis is a rare form of inflammatory polyposis, which is occasionally formed in the colon of patients with history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is characterized by presence of several to hundreds of slender, worm-like polyps in the colon lined by histologically normal colonic mucosa and often coalesce, resulting in a tumor-like mass. Filiform polyposis is most frequently associated with a post-inflammatory reparative process in patients with IBD history, and only cases of filiform polyposis occurring in patients without IBD history have been reported. Filiform polyposis has been considered as a benign inflammatory polyposis without any risk of dysplasia, while the possibility of carcinogenesis of inflammatory polyps is not fully excluded. To date, only three cases of filiform polyposis coexisting with dysplasia have been reported. Case presentation A 59-year-old male patient with no past medical history of IBD underwent laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for obstructive filiform polyposis, which was associated with sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma. Based on the histological findings of the resected specimen, invasive sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma was surrounded by filiform polyposis, and adenocarcinoma also scattered uniformly on the surface of filiform polyposis. In immunohistochemistry, abnormal p53 expression was observed in adenocarcinoma, while it was not shown in mucosa on filiform polyposis. Conclusions This is the fourth case of filiform polyposis that is closely associated with colon dysplasia or adenocarcinoma based on histological findings. However, immunohistochemical findings did not support the theory that inflammation initiates adenocarcinoma in filiform polyposis like IBD. Hence, further immunohistochemical and genetic analyses are needed to clarify the association between filiform polyposis and carcinogenesis.

Tumor-Infiltrating FOXP3+ T Regulatory Cells Show Strong Prognostic Significance in Colorectal Cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Salama ◽  
Michael Phillips ◽  
Fabienne Grieu ◽  
Melinda Morris ◽  
Nik Zeps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
High Density ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Normal Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Solid Cancer ◽  
Histopathologic Features

Purpose To determine the prognostic significance of FOXP3+ lymphocyte (Treg) density in colorectal cancer compared with conventional histopathologic features and with CD8+ and CD45RO+ lymphocyte densities. Patients and Methods Tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the densities of CD8+, CD45RO+, and FOXP3+ lymphocytes in tumor tissue and normal colonic mucosa from 967 stage II and stage III colorectal cancers. These were evaluated for associations with histopathologic features and patient survival. Results FOXP3+ Treg density was higher in tumor tissue compared with normal colonic mucosa, whereas CD8+ and CD45RO+ cell densities were lower. FOXP3+ Tregs were not associated with any histopathologic features, with the exception of tumor stage. Multivariate analysis showed that stage, vascular invasion, and FOXP3+ Treg density in normal and tumor tissue were independent prognostic indicators, but not CD8+ and CD45RO+. High FOXP3+ Treg density in normal mucosa was associated with worse prognosis (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.13; P = .019). In contrast, a high density of FOXP3+ Tregs in tumor tissue was associated with improved survival (HR = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.77; P = .001). Conclusion FOXP3+ Treg density in normal and tumor tissue had stronger prognostic significance in colorectal cancer compared with CD8+ and CD45RO+ lymphocytes. The finding of improved survival associated with a high density of tumor-infiltrating FOXP3+ Tregs in colorectal cancer contrasts with several other solid cancer types. The inclusion of FOXP3+ Treg density may help to improve the prognostication of early-stage colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Deep Learning Algorithm for the Confirmation of Mucosal Healing in Crohn’s Disease, Based on Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Anca Loredana Udristoiu ◽  
Daniela Stefanescu ◽  
Gabriel Gruionu ◽  
Lucian Gheorghe Gruionu ◽  
Andreea Valentina Iacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Normal Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Test Accuracy

Background and Aims: Mucosal healing (MH) is associated with a stable course of Crohn’s disease (CD) which can be assessed by confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE). To minimize the operator’s errors and automate assessment of CLE images, we used a deep learning (DL) model for image analysis. We hypothesized that DL combined with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and long short-term memory (LSTM) can distinguish between normal and inflamed colonic mucosa from CLE images. Methods: The study included 54 patients, 32 with known active CD, and 22 control patients (18 CD patients with MH and four normal mucosa patients with no history of inflammatory bowel diseases). We designed and trained a deep convolutional neural network to detect active CD using 6,205 endomicroscopy images classified as active CD inflammation (3,672 images) and control mucosal healing or no inflammation (2,533 images). CLE imaging was performed on four colorectal areas and the terminal ileum. Gold standard was represented by the histopathological evaluation. The dataset was randomly split in two distinct training and testing datasets: 80% data from each patient were used for training and the remaining 20% for testing. The training dataset consists of 2,892 images with inflammation and 2,189 control images. The testing dataset consists of 780 images with inflammation and 344 control images of the colon. We used a CNN-LSTM model with four convolution layers and one LSTM layer for automatic detection of MH and CD diagnosis from CLE images. Results: CLE investigation reveals normal colonic mucosa with round crypts and inflamed mucosa with irregular crypts and tortuous and dilated blood vessels. Our method obtained a 95.3% test accuracy with a specificity of 92.78% and a sensitivity of 94.6%, with an area under each receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.98. Conclusions: Using machine learning algorithms on CLE images can successfully differentiate between inflammation and normal ileocolonic mucosa and can be used as a computer aided diagnosis for CD. Future clinical studies with a larger patient spectrum will validate our results and improve the CNN-SSTM model.

scholarly journals Conjunctival Lesions: A 5-Year Basic Demographic Data and Clinicopathological Review in a Tertiary Eye Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind M. Alkatan ◽  
Khalid M. Alshomar ◽  
Hala A. Helmi ◽  
Wajda M. Alhothali ◽  
Abdulaziz M. Alshalan
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Abstract Background Conjunctival lesions are common with a wide spectrum of benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions. Few histopathological studies have been conducted on conjunctival lesions with variable designs and results. Our aim in this study is to provide information on common conjunctival lesions seen in an ophthalmology tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia. Methods A retrospective, observational study of all consecutive conjunctival tissue specimens sent for histopathological assessment to the pathology department from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed. Clinical data were collected from medical records, and the histopathological slides were reviewed by a single pathologist. Results A total of 110 conjunctival specimens from 108 patients were included (mean age: 53 years, 67 males and 43 females). Bilateral involvement was mostly found in inflammatory lesions (40%). Most lesions were benign (91%), with a significantly longer duration of symptoms in malignant lesions (p = 0.036*). The clinical diagnosis matched the final histopathological diagnosis in 75.5% of the total specimens. The most frequent category of benign lesions was fibrodegenerative and proliferative lesions (53.6%), with a significantly higher prevalence among adult males (p < 0.001). Melanocytic lesions were more common in children (33.3%) than adults (9.8%), and the mean age of children was significantly lower (p = 0.013). The most frequent malignant lesion was ocular surface squamous neoplasia (50%), with equal prevalence among males and females. The overall outcome was favorable in 89.4% and unfavorable in 10.6%, mostly due to surgical complications, further progression of the lesion, or recurrence. Conclusion This study shows variability in the frequency of conjunctival lesions based on gender, age, geographical, racial, and environmental factors. There has been a shift in the gender-based prevalence of ocular squamous neoplasia over the last three decades, probably due to a change in lifestyle.

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