scholarly journals Central Neurofibromas in Two Dogs

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 470-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vandevelde ◽  
K. G. Braund ◽  
E. J. Hoff
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Fibrous Tumor

Two dogs each had a fibrous tumor of the central nervous system. One tumor involved the spinal cord and ventral nerve root, and the other involved the midbrain and posterior brain stem. Both tumors had spindle-shaped cells arranged in rhythmic patterns. There was perivascular tumor cell infiltration in the adjacent parenchyma. The tumor cells strongly resembled fibroblasts and seemed to produce collagen. Because both tumors were near nerve roots and because their histological appearances were characteristic of nerve sheath tumors they were classified as central neurofibromas.

SUBPIAL HEMANGIOPERICYTOMA WITH MARKED EXTRAMEDULLARY GROWTH

Neurosurgery ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. E1336-E1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daina Kashiwazaki ◽  
Kazutoshi Hida ◽  
Shunsuke Yano ◽  
Toshitaka Seki ◽  
Yoshinobu Iwasaki
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Vascular Tumors ◽  
First Case ◽  
Intradural Tumor ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Fibrous Tumor ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord

Abstract OBJECTIVE Hemangiopericytomas, vascular tumors arising in soft tissue, are relatively rare in the central nervous system; they comprise less than 1% of all hemangiopericytomas. Central nervous system hemangiopericytomas occur primarily in the epidural space of the brain and spinal cord. There are no previous reports of subpial, extramedullary growing central nervous system hemangiopericytomas. CLINICAL PRESENTATION We document the first case of a subpial hemangiopericytoma with extramedullary growth in the thoracic spine. The patient was a 31-year-old man who developed progressively worsening left lower limb numbness that was followed by gait disturbance over the course of 4 months. INTERVENTION Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intradural tumor at the T4–T6 level of the thoracic spine. Because the patient's symptoms progressed, he underwent resection of the tumor, which had arisen in the spinal cord subpially without attachment to the dura mater. CONCLUSION The pathological diagnosis was hemangiopericytoma. Differential diagnoses include hemangioblastoma, meningioma, schwannoma, and solitary fibrous tumor, the clinical course and prognosis of which are different from hemangiopericytoma. Our experience indicates that hemangiopericytomas can occur as intradural tumors arising from the subpial portion.

scholarly journals Spinal Neurocysticercosis: A Rare Variant of a Common Parasitic Infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Paulo Mesquita Filho ◽  
Nério Azambuja Junior ◽  
José Vanzin ◽  
Rafael Annes ◽  
Daniel Varela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Clinical Scenario ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infection affecting the central nervous system, usually involving the brain parenchyma, intracranial subarachnoid space, or ventricular system. In rare cases, there is involvement of the spine (vertebral, epidural, subdural, arachnoid, or intramedullary). Even in endemic regions, this variant is rare, with an incidence below 5% of all patients. The diagnosis is made based on the symptoms, which can be very unspecific, imaging and CSF analysis, with biopsy as a possibility. Treatment is usually curative, but important deficits can develop, due to compression of the spinal cord or nerve roots, arachnoiditis, or meningitis. We present the case of a patient who developed this entity, with poor clinical scenario, and review the literature on the topic.

Novel Kv3 glycoforms differentially expressed in adult mammalian brain contain sialylated N-glycans

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth A. Schwalbe ◽  
Melissa J. Corey ◽  
Tara A. Cartwright
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Adult Mammalian Brain

The N-glycan pool of mammalian brain contains remarkably high levels of sialylated N-glycans. This study provides the first evidence that voltage-gated K+ channels Kv3.1, Kv3.3, and Kv3.4, possess distinct sialylated N-glycan structures throughout the central nervous system of the adult rat. Electrophoretic migration patterns of Kv3.1, Kv3.3, and Kv3.4 glycoproteins from spinal cord, hypothalamus, thalamus, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum membranes digested with glycosidases were used to identify the various glycoforms. Differences in the migration of Kv3 proteins were attributed to the desialylated N-glycans. Expression levels of the Kv3 proteins were highest in cerebellum, whereas those of Kv3.1 and Kv3.3 were much lower in the other 5 regions. The lowest level of Kv3.1 was expressed in the hypothalamus, whereas the lowest levels of Kv3.3 were expressed in both thalamus and hypothalamus. The other regions expressed intermediate levels of Kv3.3, with spinal cord expressing the highest. The expression level of Kv3.4 in the hippocampus was slightly lower than that in cerebellum, and was closely followed by the other 4 regions, with spinal cord expressing the lowest level. We suggest that novel Kv3 glycoforms may endow differences in channel function and expression among regions throughout the central nervous system.

Central Nerve System Impairment, AMA Guides, Sixth Edition: An Overview

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
James B. Talmage ◽  
Jay Blaisdell
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
Central Nerve System ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The One ◽  
Nerve System ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Injuries that affect the central nervous system (CNS) can be catastrophic because they involve the brain or spinal cord, and determining the underlying clinical cause of impairment is essential in using the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), in part because the AMA Guides addresses neurological impairment in several chapters. Unlike the musculoskeletal chapters, Chapter 13, The Central and Peripheral Nervous System, does not use grades, grade modifiers, and a net adjustment formula; rather the chapter uses an approach that is similar to that in prior editions of the AMA Guides. The following steps can be used to perform a CNS rating: 1) evaluate all four major categories of cerebral impairment, and choose the one that is most severe; 2) rate the single most severe cerebral impairment of the four major categories; 3) rate all other impairments that are due to neurogenic problems; and 4) combine the rating of the single most severe category of cerebral impairment with the ratings of all other impairments. Because some neurological dysfunctions are rated elsewhere in the AMA Guides, Sixth Edition, the evaluator may consult Table 13-1 to verify the appropriate chapter to use.

METABOLIC STUDIES WITH 131I-LABELED THYROXINE. II.

1963 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Grinberg
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Tentative Explanation

ABSTRACT Radiologically thyroidectomized female Swiss mice were injected intraperitoneally with 131I-labeled thyroxine (T4*), and were studied at time intervals of 30 minutes and 4, 28, 48 and 72 hours after injection, 10 mice for each time interval. The organs of the central nervous system and the pituitary glands were chromatographed, and likewise serum from the same animal. The chromatographic studies revealed a compound with the same mobility as 131I-labeled triiodothyronine in the organs of the CNS and in the pituitary gland, but this compound was not present in the serum. In most of the chromatographic studies, the peaks for I, T4 and T3 coincided with those for the standards. In several instances, however, such an exact coincidence was lacking. A tentative explanation for the presence of T3* in the pituitary gland following the injection of T4* is a deiodinating system in the pituitary gland or else the capacity of the pituitary gland to concentrate T3* formed in other organs. The presence of T3* is apparently a characteristic of most of the CNS (brain, midbrain, medulla and spinal cord); but in the case of the optic nerve, the compound is not present under the conditions of this study.

Bioelectrodes for Neural Prostheses

1985 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Terry Hambrecht
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Neural Prostheses ◽  
The Future ◽  
Spinal Cord Disorders ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Auditory Prostheses

ABSTRACTNeural prostheses which are commercially available include cochlear implants for treating certain forms of deafness and urinary bladder evacuation prostheses for individuals with spinal cord disorders. In the future we can anticipate improvements in bioelectrodes and biomaterials which should permit more sophisticated devices such as visual prostheses for the blind and auditory prostheses for the deaf based on microstimulation of the central nervous system.

Solitary fibrous tumor of the central nervous system: a clinicopathologic study of 24 cases

2011 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Chen ◽  
Xian-Wei Zeng ◽  
Jin-Song Wu ◽  
Ya-Fang Dou ◽  
Yin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Solitary Fibrous Tumor ◽  
Clinicopathologic Study ◽  
System A ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Fibrous Tumor

Some Points in the Histology of Lymphogenous and Hæmatogenous Toxic Lesions of the Spinal Cord

1908 ◽  
Vol 54 (226) ◽  
pp. 560-561
Author(s):  
David Orr ◽  
R. G. Rows
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Anatomical Distribution ◽  
Tabes Dorsalis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

At a quarterly meeting of this Association held last year at Nottingham, we showed the results of our experiments with toxins upon the spinal cord and brain of rabbits. Our main conclusion was, that the central nervous system could be infected by toxins passing up along the lymph channels of the perineural sheath. The method we employed in our experiments consisted in placing a celloidin capsule filled with a broth culture of an organism under the sciatic nerve or under the skin of the cheek; and we invariably found a resulting degeneration in the spinal cord or brain, according to the situation of the capsule. These lesions we found to be identical in morphological type and anatomical distribution with those found in the cord of early tabes dorsalis and in the brain and cord of general paralysis of the insane. The conclusion suggested by our work was that these two diseases, if toxic, were most probably infections of lymphogenous origin.

scholarly journals Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Right Cerebellum: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Ye-Tao Zhu ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Li-Gang Chen ◽  
Da-Ping Song
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Solitary Fibrous Tumor ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Solitary Fibrous Tumors ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Fibrous Tumor ◽  
The Right

Solitary fibrous tumor is a very rare mesenchymal tumor that occurs mostly in the pleura, and there are few reported cases of a presence in the central nervous system, particularly in the cerebellum. In 2016, the WHO classified solitary fibrous tumors into grade I. In this article, we present a case of malignant solitary fibrous tumor recurring 8 years after surgery in a 63-year-old male. Magnetic resonance imaging showed low to intermediate mixed signal intensity on T1W1. Immunohistochemical staining positivity for Vimentin, CD99, CD34 and Bcl-2, it is consistent with the immunohistochemical characteristics of solitary fibrous tumor. We resected the patient’s tumor, and the patient was followed up for 3 months with no signs of recurrence. Solitary fibrous tumors are very rare in the central nervous system. Immunohistochemical staining positivity for CD34 and Bcl-2 is strongly expressed in most solitary fibrous tumor. Surgical resection is the preferred treatment. Due to the small number of cases, the biological behavior and prognosis of this tumor need to be further explored.

The influence of lithium on the competence of the ectoderm in Ambystoma mexicanum

Development ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-331
Author(s):  
D. O. E. Gebhardt ◽  
P. D. Nieuwkoop
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Ambystoma Mexicanum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Amphibian Embryos ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Morphogenetic Potential ◽  
Made In

The influence of lithium on the amphibian egg has been the subject of a number of investigations. From the work of Lehmann (1937), Töndury (1938), and Pasteels (1945) it is known that exposure of amphibian embryos to lithium results in a progressive cranio-caudal reduction of the central nervous system and a simultaneous conversion of the presumptive notochord into somites. Whereas these experiments were made with whole embryos, attempts have been made in recent years to localize the lithium effect by transplanting or explanting specific parts of the embryo. Gallera (1949), for instance, concluded from his experiments with transplants containing lithium treated presumptive chorda mesoderm, that lithium had reduced the ‘morphogenetic potential’ of this inductor. Lombard (1952), on the other hand, claimed that the susceptibility of amphibian eggs towards lithium was the result of the ion's direct influence on the ectoderm rather than on the presumptive archenteron roof.

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