scholarly journals Gut-associated Lymphoid Tissue in the Large Intestine of Calves. I. Distribution and Histology

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Liebler ◽  
J. F. Pohlenz ◽  
G. N. Woode
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Ascending Colon ◽  
Lymphoid Follicles ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Intraepithelial Cells

Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in the large intestine was characterized in 12 calves (10 to 84 days old) obtained at necropsy (7, group A) or healthy animals (5, group B). Patches of mucosal lymphoid follicles were in all calves at ileocecal entrances (ICE), 23–42 cm distal to the ICE in the proximal loop of the ascending colon (proximal colon [PC] patch), and in the terminal rectum. PC patches varied from 8 to 30 cm in length. Solitary lymphoid follicles were found in the cecum of three calves, between the ileocecal entrances and the PC patch in four calves, adjacent to the PC patch in all calves, and in the ampulla recti. GALT occupied 7.8% of the large intestinal wall in animals of group A: 0.6% at the ileocecal entrance, 4.8% in the proximal colon, and 2.4% in the rectum. There were two different types of mucosal lymphoid follicles in group B: propria nodules with lymphoid follicles predominantly in the lamina propria, and lymphoglandular complexes with lymphoid follicles in the submucosa. In three 3-, 6-, and 7-day-old, germfree calves, distinct follicle-associated epithelium covered propria nodules and covering folds in depths of the lymphoglandular complexes; it was characterized by numerous intraepithelial cells and lack of goblet cells.

scholarly journals Comparison of Fracture Resistance of Teeth Presenting non-carious Cervical Lesions, Restored with Different Composite Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Ruxandra Margarit ◽  
Livia Alice Tanasescu ◽  
Dana Bodnar ◽  
Camelia Gabriela Ion ◽  
Mihai Burlibasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Commercial Grade ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The aim of our study was to compare the fracture resistance of teeth presenting non-carious cervical lesions restored with different types of esthetic composite materials. 20 extracted unspoiled maxillary first molars were mechanically cleaned and immersed in saline solution containing 0.1% thymol at 4�C for a period of 48 hours. Cervical cavities with a cervical-occlusal diameter of 2 mm and a mesial-distal diameter of 3mm were filled with ormocer, flow nano-composite, nano-composite and compomer. Fracture resistance was tested with a universal loading machine (Lloyd Instruments), with a maximum force of 5 kN and a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min; the authors used NEXYGEN Data Analysis Software and ANOVA method. For the group A (commercial grade ormocer), the smallest load that determined the sample failure was 650 N and the highest load was 1050 N, the mean value being 858 N � 150.89 N. For the group B (commercial grade flow nano-composite), the smallest load is 530 N, the highest load is 800 N, mean value being 654 N � 112.6 N. For the group C (commercial grade nano-composite), the smallest load is 680 N, the highest load is 1200 N, mean value being 926 N � 209.35 N. For the group D (commercial grade compomer), the smallest load is 1100 N, highest load is 1250N, mean value being 1180 N � 62.04 N. A p value of 0.000311 (p[0.05) shows that there are significant differences between the four groups. Conclusions. The best fracture resistance of teeth presenting non-carious cervical lesions, restored with different types of esthetic composite materials is assured by the compomer, followed by the nano-composite, which proved to be superior to ormocer. The flow nano-composite gives the lowest fracture resistance.

scholarly journals A Comparative in vivo Study of Semi-constrained and Unconstrained Cervical Artificial Disc Prostheses

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 637-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoon Choi ◽  
Jamie L Baisden ◽  
Narayan Yoganandan
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Artificial Disc ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Cervical Arthroplasty ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Anterior Migration

Abstract Purpose The objective of this study is to directly compare different types of cervical artificial disc implants using an in vivo model capable of simulating the axial load on a neck that is similar to the human neck. Methods Cervical arthroplasty was performed at C3-4 in 14 healthy female adult Alpine goats. The goats were divided into three groups. Group A received Bryan (unconstrained one-piece design); Group B received ProDisc-C (semi-constrained two-piece design); and Group C received Mobi-C (unconstrained three-piece design) artificial discs. The goats were monitored in a veterinary unit for 6 months with radiography at regular intervals. Results Each goat tolerated cervical arthroplasty well and had satisfactory placement of their implant per intra-operative radiography. Implants monitored in Group A demonstrated no migration. One out of five implants in Group B experienced anterior migration at 3 months. In Group C, anterior migration and disintegration occurred in all four implants, with migration occurring during the first postoperative week in three implants and after 5 weeks in the fourth. Conclusions Unconstrained multi-piece artificial cervical discs may be prone to anterior migration and extrusion out of the disc space. This outcome deserves attention in individuals with a hypermobile neck and/or an occupation involving the use of a head-supported mass, such as helmets.

scholarly journals Does Implant-Abutment Interface affect Marginal Bone Levels around Implants?

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 047-052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eser Elemek ◽  
Artun Urgancioglu ◽  
Janberd Dincer ◽  
Altug Cilingir
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Single Crown ◽  
Implant Abutment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Switch Group

Abstract Objective The use of dental implants with different types of surface roughness and implant-abutment interface has brought about a situation of marginal bone loss. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze and compare marginal bone levels of different types of osseointegrated dental implants with platform switch (Group A: Ankylos, Mannheim, Germany) and platform match (Group B: Dentsply Xive, Mannheim, Germany, and Group C: MIS Implant Technologies, Karmiel, Israel). Materials and Methods One hundred and seven patients (52 men and 55 women) with a mean age of 54.79 (standard deviation ± 12.35) years and a total of 321 dental implants (Group A, n = 198; Group B, n = 58; and Group C, n = 65) placed in a private practice between April 2006 and May 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. In addition to demographic information and implant characteristics, marginal bone levels were evaluated by Image J (Wayne Rasband, National Institute of Health, Maryland) program. Results The mean age of all patients was 54.79 ± 12.35 years, and 51.5% of them were women. Implants supporting fixed bridge were most commonly used in all groups (65%), whereas only 20% were restored with a single crown and 15% with overdentures. In total, 47.5% of all implants showed no marginal bone loss. Mean bone loss in Group A was significantly lower (0.81 ± 1.60 mm) as compared to Group B (1.58 ± 1.59 mm) and Group C (1.18 ± 1.36) (p < 0.005). Conclusion Among different types of dental implants, platform switch seems to preserve marginal bone levels and increase the long-term success of dental implants.

Induction of Antigen-Specific IgA-Forming Cells in the Upper Respiratory Mucosa

1989 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noritake Watanabe ◽  
Hirofumi Kato ◽  
Goro Mogi
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Soluble Antigen ◽  
Particulate Antigen ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Group A ◽  
Nasal Secretions ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

We investigated the actual processes for activating respiratory mucosal immunity. Hartley guinea pigs were immunized with particulate antigen of dinitrophenylated ovalbumin into the duodenum (group A), trachea (group B), and nasal cavity (group C) 1 week after systemic priming with the soluble antigen. The control animals (group D) received only systemic priming. Immunoglobulin A antibody titers in nasal secretions and saliva from groups A and B significantly exceeded those of groups C and D (p<.01). Many antigen-specific IgA-forming cells were detected in the respiratory and gastrointestinal mucosae of groups A and B. Following duodenal immunization, the appearance of antigen-specific IgA-forming cells in Peyer's patches preceded those in mesenteric and hilar lymph nodes, while they simultaneously appeared in the lymphoid tissues after tracheal immunization. These findings suggest that intratracheal immunization mainly stimulates bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue as a source of IgA precursors, as intraduodenal immunization stimulates gut-associated lymphoid tissue.

scholarly journals Comparing hemostatic and adhesion prevention effects of different types of nasal packings used post-septoplasty viz medicated gauze packing, glove finger packing and merocel packing

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Owais Mattoo ◽  
Rahil Muzaffar ◽  
Anees Mir ◽  
Manzoor A Malik ◽  
Shakil Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Nasal Packing ◽  
Adhesion Prevention ◽  
Gauze Packing ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Glove Finger ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Hemostatic Effects

Aim: To compare the adhesion prevention and hemostatic effects of different types of nasal packing viz. medicated gauze packing, glove finger packing and merocel packing. Study Design: Prospective Study, in which 105 patients were, enrolled with effect from September 2011 to March 2012.Methods: This study was done in postgraduate department of ENT - HNS in Govt. Medical College, Srinagar. 105 patients undergoing septoplasty were randomly distributed in three groups, Group A, Group B, and Group C. Group A patients were packed postoperatively with medicated gauze packing, Group B with glove finger packing and Group C with merocel packing. Patients were then examined and regularly observed and followed for post-septoplasty hemorrhage and adhesions.Results: The average number of cotton balls used to clean the blood soakage on day one was 10 in Group A, 13 in Group B and 15 in Group C. On comparing the results of medicated gauze packing with merocel packings, the difference was not statistically significant(p<0.20), though apparently conventional anterior nasal packing (ANP) appeared to be better hemostatic than other types of packings. At 4 weeks postoperatively, the number of patients who developed adhesions were 10 (28.6%) in Group A, 8 (22.9%) in Group B and none (0 %) in Group C. On comparing the results of merocel packing with conventional ANP with highest rate of adhesion formation, the difference was statistically significant (p<0.002). Also on an average minimal number of paracetamol tablets (Dosage Strength 500 mg) were consumed by patients whose noses were packed with merocel (8 tablets) as compared to conventional ANP (13 tablets) and glove finger (8 tablets) over a period of one week.Conclusions: Hemostatic effects were best observed with medicated gauze packing, though the difference was not statistically significant. Adhesion formation which is one of the most important determinants of success of septoplasty is best prevented by merocel packing. If good expertise is observed during septoplasty with proper sterilization technique, postseptoplasty hemorrhage is quite uncommon and adhesion prevention becomes the single most important factor. Merocel packing should thus be carried out in almost all cases. In cases where postoperative bleeding is suspected, classical medicated gauze packing should be done. The morbidity associated with postoperative pain was minimal with merocel packing. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v18i2.11989 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 18(2): 129-132

scholarly journals Comparison of postoperative liver function between different dissection techniques during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

2020 ◽  
pp. FSO462
Author(s):  
Tagleb S Mazahreh ◽  
Abdelwahab J Aleshawi ◽  
Nabil A Al-Zoubi ◽  
Mohammad Altabari ◽  
Qusai Aljarrah
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
Dissection Techniques ◽  
Group B

Aim: In this study, we investigated and compared the effect of different types of dissector (Maryland vs Hook) on changes in liver function tests (LFTs) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients & methods: The enrolled patients were divided into two groups. Group A patients underwent dissection by Maryland dissecting forceps, group B by Hook dissecting instrument. LFTs were measured preoperatively and at 1 day and 1 week, postoperatively. Results: For both Maryland and Hook dissection, the 1-day postoperative values for total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly higher than the preoperative values. Also, there were no statistical differences between Hook and Maryland. Conclusion: The elevation of LFTs seems to be attributed to other factors.

Distinguishing Between Fresh and Frozen-thawed Smoked Salmon: Histology to Detect Food Adulteration in High-Value Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARZIA PEZZOLATO ◽  
ELISA BAIONI ◽  
CRISTIANA MAURELLA ◽  
KATIA VARELLO ◽  
SERENA MEISTRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Food Adulteration ◽  
Smoked Salmon ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Group B ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

ABSTRACT The issue of food safety has acquired increased importance, and fraud is a major concern for the food industry. Among different types of food adulteration, there is the sale of frozen-thawed smoked salmon product as fresh, which not only decreases the quality of products but also misleads consumers and may involve associated health risks. In response to this problem, we tested the performance of histology to identify smoked salmon as fresh or frozen-thawed as a valid analytical method, so food business operators and official controllers can reliably and correctly classify the storage state of the product. Three groups of samples were prepared: group A (n = 36), fresh samples; group B (n = 36), frozen at −18°C for 30 days; and group C (n = 36), stored at −3°C for 30 days after packaging. Two histopathologists examined all samples in blind evaluations and classified them as fresh or frozen-thawed. Sensitivity, specificity, and interrater agreement were calculated. Results show high performance with the test: 80.6% sensitivity (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 64 to 91.8%); 95.6% specificity (95% CI: 89.1 to 98.8%); and Cohen's kappa was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.64 to 0.98%). Histology is a reliable and highly accurate method to differentiate fresh from frozen-thawed smoked salmon and could be used by the industry and official controllers to verify the labeling of the commercial product. HIGHLIGHTS

Abrasion Resistance of Stereoregular Butadiene Rubber Treads as a Function of Tire Operating Conditions

1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-691
Author(s):  
V. F. Evstratov ◽  
G. N. Buiko ◽  
N. L. Sakhuovskii ◽  
N. M. Arenzon ◽  
A. I. Karmanova
Keyword(s):  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Automobile Tires

Abstract In operating tires on Group A roads, the abrasion resistance of SKD/SBR and SKD/NR blends is substantially higher than that of SKS-30 ARKM-15. The abrasion index of butadiene rubbers increases with the severity of the test conditions, as in operating on mountain roads, with partial braking and acceleration. In operating tires on Group B and V roads (for example, in quarries), the abrasion index of SKD rubbers, particularly those with high SKD content, decreases considerably as a result of increased chipping and cutting of the tread pattern. In summer, the superiority of BR rubbers over SKS-30 ARKM-15 in abrasion resistance is less apparent than in winter. This is particularly characteristic for SKD/NR blends. For automobile tires of different types and sizes, the selection of composition and properties of treads in which SKD is used should be carried out in such a way as to take into account operating conditions.

scholarly journals Management of phyllodes tumour of breast: 5 year experience at Madina Teaching Hospital, Faisalabad.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Saira Saleem ◽  
Aysha Rehman ◽  
Farhan Javed ◽  
Irshad Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Tumour Size ◽  
Oncological Outcome ◽  
Phyllodes Tumour ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objectives: To determine the oncological outcome of different types of phyllodes tumour (PT) and to analyze the impact of radiotherapy on outcome. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Madina Teaching Hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Period: April 2015 to April 2020. Material & Methods: Female patients diagnosed as phyllodes tumour of breast were included and classified into benign, borderline and malignant PT according to WHO criteria. Borderline and malignant PT were further divided into 2 groups; Group A (Surgery alone) and Group B (Surgery + Radiotherapy). Oncological outcome based on local recurrence, distant metastasis and overall survival rate among different types of phyllodes tumour and those patients who received or not received radiotherapy was assessed. Results: In 5 years, 29 patients of phyllodes tumour were studied. 15 (51.7%) patients had benign, 8 (27.6%) malignant and 6 (20.7%) borderline tumour. Mean age of our patients was 39.5 years (range: 25-55 years).The disease free survival rate was 82.8% (100% for benign, 83.4% for borderline and 50% for malignant PT). Malignant histotype and tumour size >6cm were significantly associated with recurrence (p<0.05). In Group A, 4 patients developed local recurrence and 2 of them developed distant metastasis; while in group B only 1 patients developed local recurrence (p=0.2, OR=0.147). Overall survival rate was 93.1%. It was 100% for radiotherapy group compared to 88% for non irradiated patients. Conclusion: Malignant phyllodes tumour and large tumour size is associated with worse prognosis. Post operative radiotherapy is associated with improved local recurrence, distant metastasis and overall survival.

Distribution of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nerve structures in the porcine large intestine

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slawomir Gonkowski ◽  
Piotr Burliński ◽  
Cezary Skobowiat ◽  
Mariusz Majewski ◽  
Marcin Arciszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Transverse Colon ◽  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Circular Muscle Layer ◽  
Mucosal Layer ◽  
Colon And Rectum

The aim of the present study was to investigate the number of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nerve structures in the large intestine of juvenile pigs. The distribution pattern of CART-LI structures was studied by immunohistochemistry in the circular muscle layer, myenteric (MP), outer submucous (OSP) and inner submucous plexus (ISP) as well as in the mucosal layer of six regions of the large bowel: caecum, centripetal and centrifugal turns of the proximal colon, transverse colon, descending colon and rectum. CART-LI neural structures were observed in all gut fragments studied. CART-LI nerve fibres were numerous within the circular muscle layer and in the MP of all the regions studied, while they were moderate or few in number in other layers of the intestinal wall. The numbers of CART-LI neurons within the MP amounted to 2.02% in the caecum to 7.92% in the rectum, within the OSP from 2.73% in the centrifugal turns of the proximal colon to 5.70% in the rectum, and within the ISP from 2.23% in the transverse colon to 5.32% in the centrifugal turns of the proximal colon. The present study reports for the first time a detailed description of the CART distribution pattern within the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the porcine large intestine.

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