scholarly journals Comparison of Fracture Resistance of Teeth Presenting non-carious Cervical Lesions, Restored with Different Composite Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Ruxandra Margarit ◽  
Livia Alice Tanasescu ◽  
Dana Bodnar ◽  
Camelia Gabriela Ion ◽  
Mihai Burlibasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Commercial Grade ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The aim of our study was to compare the fracture resistance of teeth presenting non-carious cervical lesions restored with different types of esthetic composite materials. 20 extracted unspoiled maxillary first molars were mechanically cleaned and immersed in saline solution containing 0.1% thymol at 4�C for a period of 48 hours. Cervical cavities with a cervical-occlusal diameter of 2 mm and a mesial-distal diameter of 3mm were filled with ormocer, flow nano-composite, nano-composite and compomer. Fracture resistance was tested with a universal loading machine (Lloyd Instruments), with a maximum force of 5 kN and a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min; the authors used NEXYGEN Data Analysis Software and ANOVA method. For the group A (commercial grade ormocer), the smallest load that determined the sample failure was 650 N and the highest load was 1050 N, the mean value being 858 N � 150.89 N. For the group B (commercial grade flow nano-composite), the smallest load is 530 N, the highest load is 800 N, mean value being 654 N � 112.6 N. For the group C (commercial grade nano-composite), the smallest load is 680 N, the highest load is 1200 N, mean value being 926 N � 209.35 N. For the group D (commercial grade compomer), the smallest load is 1100 N, highest load is 1250N, mean value being 1180 N � 62.04 N. A p value of 0.000311 (p[0.05) shows that there are significant differences between the four groups. Conclusions. The best fracture resistance of teeth presenting non-carious cervical lesions, restored with different types of esthetic composite materials is assured by the compomer, followed by the nano-composite, which proved to be superior to ormocer. The flow nano-composite gives the lowest fracture resistance.

scholarly journals Effects of posterior capsule stretch on adhesive capsulitis.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (08) ◽  
pp. 1272-1277
Author(s):  
Madiha Maryam ◽  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
Abdul Ghafoor Sajjad ◽  
Razia Rizwan ◽  
Sehrish Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Manual Therapy ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Adhesive Capsulitis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

To compare the effect of posterior capsular stretch on pain, ROM and functional disability in Adhesive Capsulitis. Study Design: Experimental, Randomized Control Trail. Setting: Department of Physiotherapy, Capital Development Authority Hospital Islamabad. Period: October 2015 to March 2016. Materials and Methods: Forty female patients having aged between 40 to 70 years with freezing and frozen stage of adhesive capsulitis were screened out. Adhesive capsulitis secondary to cervical Spondylosis, osteoporosis, direct trauma and any inflammation were excluded from the study. Subjects were randomly placed into two groups lottery method, the experimental group having 19 subjects received posterior capsular stretch along with conventional manual therapy and electrotherapy  whereas the control group had 21 subjects and they were given manual therapy and electrotherapy alone. The Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, and Range of Motion of shoulder joint were used as outcome measures. All the patients were assessed at baseline before intervention and at the completion of 6 weeks of treatment. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Abduction, Internal Rotation and disability show significant result. The abduction mean value of Group A was 115.00±22.023and of the Group B was 81.74±20.653 with p value was P<05. The internal rotation mean value of Group A was 70.71±12.776 and for the Group B was 60.32±8.699 and having p value P<05. The SPADI mean value of Group A was 51.76±22.043 and for the Group B was 24.24±7.287 having p value P<05. The NPRS and external rotation showed non-significant difference. Conclusion: It is concluded that posterior capsular stretch along with mobilization is more effective in treating ROM and functional disability.

scholarly journals A prospective study of insulin resistance among infertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3786
Author(s):  
M. Smitha ◽  
S. Jyothi ◽  
Anand Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Androgen Synthesis ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Infertile Patients

Background: Insulin plays a key role in producing hyperandronism and suppression of insulin secretion in women with PCOS is associated with decreased cytochrome P450c17α. cytochrome P450c17α is a bifunctional enzyme present in ovary is a key enzyme for androgen synthesis. Various studies have been conducted regarding association of insulin resistance with PCOS in infertile patients but there is no study is available about this in our area. So we have designed this study to evaluate insulin resistance in infertile patients with PCOS in rural Andhra Pradesh.Methods: The study population include 180 untreated patients who attended the infertility clinic in outpatient department of obstetrics with infertility due to different cause that include polycystic ovarian disorder also. They have been selected for this study randomly based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: The mean value of glucose insulin ratio was 5.146+2.611 in group A and 8.62 + 5.55 in group B the P value was 0.004909. The mean of LH/FSH ratio was 1.78+0.423 in group A and 1.02 +0.042 in group B. The P value was <0.00001. The mean of HOMA IR was 8.375+ 2.68 in group A and 3.03+ 1.09 in group B, with P value <0.00001. The mean value of QUICKI was 0.2815+ 0.0002875 in group A and 0.347+0.10 in group B with P value <0.00001. Mean serum DHEAS level was 275.59 + 53.48 in infertile patient with PCOS and 208.48 + 36.11 in infertile patients without PCOS. The p value was 0.00012.Conclusions: Based on present study we would like to conclude that the body mass index was high among infertile women with PCOS and a greater number of women presented with acanthosis. There was decrease insulin sensitivity and increase insulin resistance among infertile women with poly cystic ovarian disease, in rural area of Andhra Pradesh and that is not different from the study of other part of world.

scholarly journals Assessment of Maximum Voluntary Bite Force in Adults with Normal Occlusion and Different Types of Malocclusions

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Premkumar ◽  
Haritha Pottipalli Sathyanarayana ◽  
WS Manjula
Keyword(s):  
Bite Force ◽  
Class I ◽  
P Value ◽  
Facial Morphology ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

ABSTRACT Aim Maximum voluntary bite force (MVBF) was assessed in adults with class I normal occlusion and compared with different malocclusions. Materials and methods One hundred and ten subjects in the age group of 17 to 25 years were classified into various groups. Thirty subjects with class I normal occlusion (Group A), 20 subjects with Angle's class I malocclusion (Group B), 20 subjects with skeletal class II malocclusion (Group C), 20 subjects with hypodivergent facial morphology (Group D) and 20 subjects with hyperdivergent facial morphology (Group E). MVBF was measured with a bite force meter at the first premolar and first molar region bilaterally. The values were recorded and statistically analyzed. Results Mean MVBF value in each of the groups in the molar and first premolar region were found to be 601.83N ± 60.80, 392N ± 31.43 (group A), 592.60N ± 37.66, 378.90N ± 23.00 (group B), 586.60N ± 49.26, 377N ± 29.38 (group C), 771.50N ± 27.24, 500.60N ± 18.25 (group D), 283.85N ± 26.41, 283.85N ± 26.41 (group E). Student paired t-test was done to analyze the difference between two groups and considered as significant at a p-value of < 0.05. Significant difference was found between group A and D and group A and E with a p-value of <0.0001. No significant difference was observed between group A and group B (p = 0.5481and 0.1148) and group A and group C (p = 0.3551 and 0.0949). ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference among groups A, D and E. No significant difference was found among groups A, B and C. Males had a higher value than females. Conclusion Sagittal morphology does not significantly affect the MVBF value whereas there is a significant correlation with vertical morphology. Clinical significance Assessment of maximum voluntary bite force (MVBF) is a chairside procedure to evaluate masticatory muscle activity based on which treatment planning and mechanics can be known. How to cite this article Sathyanarayana HP, Premkumar S, Manjula WS. Assessment of Maximum Voluntary Bite Force in Adults with Normal Occlusion and Different Types of Malocclusions. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):534-538.

COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS OF MOBILIZATION AND SELF-EXERCISES IN ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS OF SHOULDER

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Khan ◽  
Ghazala Noor Nizami ◽  
Ali Farhad
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Adhesive Capsulitis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of mobilization and self-exercises in the management of adhesive capsulitis of shoulder STUDY DESIGN Randomized Control Trial SAMPLE SELECTION 30 patients of adhesive capsulitis of shoulder from physiotherapy department of tertiary care hospitals of Karachi were selected through simple random sampling technique. PROCEDURE Treatment was continued for 5 days per week for the period of 3 weeks followed by assessment. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group A was treated with midrange mobilization while group B performed self-exercises. Both groups received TENS and hot pack prior to the exercises. Mean ± SD, frequencies and percentages were used for descriptive analysis. ROM via goniometry and pain intensity through VAS was analyzed by paired t-test within the groups and by independent t-test between the groups, using SPSS. P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS 60% were females (n=18) and 40% were males (n=12) with mean age of 50.17±6.37 years. Significant improvement (p-value <0.05) in pain and shoulder ROM was observed among patients of Group A as compared to Group B. Pain intensity was decreased to 1.67 ± 0.62 in group A, whereas ROMs in these patients were also better than other group.

CONVENTIONAL VERSUS THREE-DIMENSIONAL CONFORMAL EXTERNAL RADIOTHERAPY IN CANCER CERVIX: A COMPARATIVE STUDY FOR COMPLIANCE, RESPONSE AND TOXICITY

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Gupta ◽  
Piyush Kumar ◽  
D. P. Singh ◽  
Arvind Kumar Chauhan ◽  
Kamal Sahni
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Response ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
P Value ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cancer Cervix ◽  
Conventional Radiotherapy ◽  
Radiation Fields ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer among Indian women. Radiotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment in all its stages. Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) combines multiple radiation fields to deliver precise dose of radiation to the affected area. Tailoring each of the radiation fields to focus on the tumor delivers a high dose of radiation to the tumor and avoids nearby healthy tissue. The present study is done to compare conventional radiotherapy versus 3DCRT in cancer cervix for compliance, clinical response and toxicity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty patients were enrolled and randomised into two radiotherapy plans with radical intent - Group A treated by conventional radiotherapy and group B treated by 3DCRT. Concurrent cisplatin was delivered on weekly (35mg/m2) or tri-weekly (75mg/m2) basis during external beam Radiotherapy and was followed by High Dose Radiotherapy Brachytherapy. Clinical response and complication assessment were evaluated.Collected data was analyzed using standard statistical methods and softwares to calculate level of significance using “p” value by chi square test. RESULTS: In this study mean age of the patients was 48 years (26-67 years). The anemia was the most common side effect seen in both groups (96% vs 88%, p=0.29). Neutropenia was more in group B (36% vs 44%, p= 0.56). Lower GI toxicity was seen only in patients in group A (20% vs 0%, p=0.018). In follow up there were no significant early rectal and bladder reactions in both groups and 2 patients in each group had late rectal reactions of grade I and II (p= 0.312). No significant skin, bladder and small intestinal toxicity were seen in both groups. CONCLUSION: Conventional radiotherapy gives equally efficacious response though accompanied by toxicities which were acceptable.

scholarly journals Integration of a Virtual Dispensing Simulator “MyDispense” in an Experiential Education Program to Prepare Students for Community Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Ashley E. Johnson ◽  
Jillian Barrack ◽  
Jill M. Fitzgerald ◽  
Diana M. Sobieraj ◽  
Lisa M. Holle
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Experiential Education ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Pharmacy Education ◽  
P Value ◽  
Community Practice ◽  
Practice Experience ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Technology is increasingly used to enhance pharmacy education. We sought to evaluate student learning and preparedness for community introductory pharmacy practice experiences (IPPEs) after implementation of “MyDispense” into experiential education. Methods: Both first-year pharmacy students and assigned community IPPE preceptors were eligible. Students were stratified based on previous community pharmacy experience (< or ≥ 50 h), then randomized to complete MyDispense exercises before IPPE (group A) or after 24–32 h of IPPE (group B). We evaluated preceptors’ assessment of student readiness using a 6-item Likert scale survey and students’ readiness and opinion of MyDispense using an anonymous 9-item survey. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize data. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare groups and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of 177 eligible students, 155 were randomized and 56 completed study. Group A included 32 students; 56.3% had prior community practice experience. Group B included 24 students; 50% had prior community practice experience. Forty-eight preceptors were enrolled. Students who completed exercises before rotation received higher preceptor scores for patient counseling of self-care and of medications (p < 0.05 for both). Students self-assessed their counseling skills lower than all other skills; 30.4% and 42.9% of students felt mostly or always prepared to counsel for self-care and medications, respectively. Students found MyDispense straightforward, realistic, and appreciated the ability to practice in a safe, electronic, community pharmacy, patient-care environment. Conclusion: Simulation-based software, such as MyDispense, can enhance learner understanding of the prescription fill and counseling process in a community pharmacy practice setting.

scholarly journals 465 No Role for Postoperative Antibiotics in Uncomplicated Appendicitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Ayoub ◽  
Y Tryliskyy ◽  
M K Baig
Keyword(s):  
Wound Infection ◽  
P Value ◽  
Nice Guidelines ◽  
Uncomplicated Appendicitis ◽  
Perforated Appendix ◽  
Group A ◽  
Preoperative Antibiotics ◽  
Group B ◽  
Variable Practice

Abstract Introduction Several studies have shown benefit from use of preoperative antibiotics in reducing postoperative infection after appendectomy as well as efficacy of postoperative antibiotics in complicated appendicitis (defined as perforated appendix or presence of pus in peritoneum). While for uncomplicated appendicitis, several studies showed no benefit from antibiotics postoperatively but there are no clear NICE guidelines till now and so surgeons have different practice based on their preferences. Method This study included patients who had appendectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis in Worthing hospital from 1st July 2019 till 30th June 2020. The end point was 30-day follow up postoperatively for wound infection or collection. Results 90 patients were admitted with uncomplicated appendicitis with age 6-80 years (mean of 31.3). 46 patients (51%) did not receive postoperative antibiotics (group A) and 44 (49%) received postoperative antibiotics (group B) with a variable practice from one dose to 8-day course. postoperatively, only 1 patient (2.1%) in group A developed wound infection requiring drainage while none in group B developed complications (p-value=1). Conclusions Administration of postoperative antibiotics in uncomplicated appendicitis showed no superiority over non-administration. in addition, they add extra cost on NHS. So, their routine use postoperatively is not recommended, however, larger studies are required to confirm this.

scholarly journals The effect of nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan scaffolds on rat calvarial defects for bone regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanouil Chatzipetros ◽  
Spyros Damaskos ◽  
Konstantinos I. Tosios ◽  
Panos Christopoulos ◽  
Catherine Donta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background This study aims at determining the biological effect of 75/25 w/w nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan (nHAp/CS) scaffolds on bone regeneration, in terms of fraction of bone regeneration (FBR), total number of osteocytes (Ost), and osteocyte cell density (CD), as well as its biodegradability. Methods Two critical-size defects (CSDs) were bilaterally trephined in the parietal bone of 36 adult Sprague-Dawley rats (18 males and 18 females); the left remained empty (group A), while the right CSD was filled with nHAp/CS scaffold (group B). Two female rats died postoperatively. Twelve, 11, and 11 rats were euthanized at 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-surgery, respectively. Subsequently, 34 specimens were resected containing both CSDs. Histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed to determine the FBR, calculated as [the sum of areas of newly formed bone in lateral and central regions of interest (ROIs)]/area of the original defect, as well as the Ost and the CD (Ost/mm2) in each ROI of both groups (A and B). Moreover, biodegradability of the nHAp/CS scaffolds was estimated via the surface area of the biomaterial (BmA) in the 2nd, 4th, and 8th week post-surgery. Results The FBR of group B increased significantly from 2nd to 8th week compared to group A (P = 0.009). Both the mean CD and the mean Ost values of group B increased compared to group A (P = 0.004 and P < 0.05 respectively). Moreover, the mean value of BmA decreased from 2nd to 8th week (P = 0.001). Conclusions Based on histological and histomorphometric results, we support that 75/25 w/w nHAp/CS scaffolds provide an effective space for new bone formation.

scholarly journals Post-Operative Outcomes of Intravenous Lidocaine Infusion on Major Abdominal Surgery in Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Control Trial in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Nirupama Saha ◽  
Nadiuzzaman Khan ◽  
Mirza Kamrul Zahid ◽  
Shah Alam Talukder ◽  
ASM Meftahuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Major Abdominal Surgery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Intravenous Lidocaine ◽  
Operative Outcomes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Group B

Background: Post-operative outcomes of a major abdominal surgery depend on careful & effective post-operative management. But it is a critical job especially in children. Obtaining adequate analgesia after major surgery is a problematic issue and postoperative pain still imposes a major burden of suffering in surgical patients.Objectives: The principle objectives of the study is to evaluate the effects of intravenous lidocaine infusion in pain management of pediatric population undergone in major abdominal surgery; to reduce post-operative morbidity & enhance better surgical outcome in children.Methodology: This is a randomized control trial carried out from January 2015-June2015,in a tertiary care hospital among 60 cases of 4 to 14 years children with major abdominal surgery without having any pulmonary, cardiac, hepatic or renal insufficiency. Grouping of patients that is lidocaine infusion group (Group A) and control group (Group B) was made among admitted cases for elective abdominal surgery by simple random technique by means of lottery. For assessment of postoperative pain FLACC Scale was used in both groups. Clinical examination findings & specifically designed data collection sheet with a set questionnaire were used as research instruments. Formulated data was analyzed by SPSS version 17, taking p value <0.05 as significant.Results: It is noted that, after 24 hours of operation most of the patients 56.7% of group A had mild pain whereas 90% patients of group B had moderate pain (p<0.001)& during that time there was no patient with severe pain in group A whereas in group B 10% patients were with severe pain. At 48 hours, pain was absent in 13.3% children of group A and 6.7% in group B. In group A most of the children 76.7%had mild pain compared to moderate pain 18 (60%) in group B children at that hours (P<0.001). Again, regarding required amount of analgesics, patients received I/V lidocaine required less amount of analgesics than its counterpart. In present study, complications was noted only 3.3% patien in group A, where as in the opposite group it was found in 23.3% & p was <0.05. In group A, in 50% patients post operative bowel sound was returned within 72 hours, compared to 73.3% patients in group B. The p value was 0.001. About post-operative hospital stay, 83.3% children of the group A were released from hospital after 5th P.O.D whereas, in group B, only 50% children were released after 7th P.O.D of operation. The P value was 0.03 that is also significant.Conclusion: Intravenous lidocaine could improve immediate and late post-operative pain with early recovery after major abdominal surgery in children & it can contribute to rapid postoperative rehabilitation programs.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2018, Vol.10(1); 23-27

Association of Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Cirrhosis Presented with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1134-1135
Author(s):  
M. A. Chhutto ◽  
A. H. Mugheri ◽  
A. H. Phulpoto ◽  
I. A. Ansari ◽  
A. Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
P Value ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Disease Study

Objective: To determine the association of adverse outcomes in term of mortality in patients with cirrhosis presented with coronavirus disease. Study Design: Retrospective/observational study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from 1st March 2019 to 31st December 2020. Methodology: Two hundred and twenty covid-19 patients of both genders with or without chronic liver disease were enrolled in this study. Patients were categorized in to two groups. Group A (with cirrhosis 60 patients) and group B (without cirrhosis 60 patients). Outcomes in term of mortality between both groups were examined. Results: There were 38 (63.33%) males and 22 (36.67%) were females with mean age 46.14±8.44 years in group A while in group B, 40 (66.67%) and 20 (33.33%) patients were males and females with mean age 45.26±9.34 years. Patients with cirrhosis had high mortality rate as compared to patients without cirrhosis (33.33% Vs 13.33%) with p-value 0.0001. Conclusion: A significant association of adverse outcomes was found in cirrhotic patients with coronavirus disease. Keywords: Chronic Liver Disease, Corvid-19, Mortality

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