Personality and world music preference of undergraduate non-music majors in South Korea and the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-625
Author(s):  
Hyesoo Yoo ◽  
Sangmi Kang ◽  
Victor Fung
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Music Preference ◽  
Preference Rating ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nonmusic Majors

We investigated contributors of undergraduate nonmusic majors’ preferences for world musics, specifically those from Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Drawing upon the reciprocal feedback model as a theoretical framework, we determined the extent to which predictor variables (familiarity with the music, personality, and music absorption) were related to music preference. Participants were 401 undergraduate nonmusic majors from South Korea ( n = 208) and the USA ( n = 183). Participants took an online survey via Qualtrics that included demographic information, the World Musics Preference Rating Scale, the Big-Five Inventory, and the Absorption in Music Scale. Results indicated that, familiarity, followed by openness to experience, was the strongest predictor of participants’ preferences for world musics. For the U.S. participants, familiarity, followed by openness to experience, was the strongest predictor of participants’ preference for musics from each continent. By contrast, for the South Korean participants, although familiarity was also the strongest predictor for African, Latin American, and Asian musics, openness to experience was not consistently the second strongest contributor. For African music, openness to experience was ranked second; for Latin American and Asian music, agreeableness and music absorption were ranked second, respectively.

Cross-Cultural comparisons of psychosocial distress in the USA, South Korea, France, and Hong Kong during the initial phase of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Dean ◽  
Ivy Fei Tso ◽  
Anne Giersch ◽  
Hyeon-seung Lee ◽  
Tatiana Baxter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychological Outcome ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has resulted in the worldwide disruption of everyday life but the impact and response to the pandemic have not been uniform. Many countries rapidly deployed physical-distancing mandates to curb the spread of the COVID-19; others did not. Whilst social distancing strategies are necessary to reduce the transmission of the virus, it is also important to examine unintended psychiatric consequences of social isolation. We examined psychological distress in four countries with distinct public health strategies (South Korea, Hong Kong, France and the United States) to identify common and region-specific factors that may contribute to mental illness. From March to July June 2020, an online survey of demographics, general health, mental health, loneliness and social networks was conducted. Overall, younger age, greater concern for COVID, and increased loneliness predicted worse psychological outcome, although the magnitudes of the effects were not uniform among the four countries. We also observed notable differences in psychological distress; Hong Kong, with the strictest lockdown mandate, suffered the most drastic worsening of mental health outcome. To explain differential exacerbations of psychological distress around the globe during the pandemic, contributions of social unrest, economic uncertainty, and disruption to regular routine should be considered.

The role of sexual risk behaviors on PrEP awareness and interest among men who have sex with men in Latin America

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 542-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Edeza ◽  
Omar Galarraga ◽  
David Novak ◽  
Kenneth Mayer ◽  
Joshua Rosenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Compulsivity ◽  
Transactional Sex ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Prep Awareness

In Latin America, men who have sex with men (MSM) remain disproportionately impacted by HIV. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention tool and has been FDA approved in the United States since 2012, but no Latin American state, with the recent exception of Brazil, has implemented PrEP guidelines. We carried out a multinational online survey of MSM in Latin America (n = 22698) in 2012 to assess whether MSM at highest risk of HIV acquisition (i.e., those engaging in condomless anal sex [CAS; n = 2606] and transactional sex [n = 1488]) had higher levels of awareness of PrEP, PrEP use and interest in participating in a PrEP trial. After adjusting for demographic and psychosocial characteristics including depressive symptoms, hazardous alcohol use, childhood sexual abuse, and sexual compulsivity, transactional sex and CAS were associated with increased PrEP awareness (aOR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05–1.59, p < .001 and aOR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.11–1.34, p < .001, respectively) and PrEP trial interest (aOR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.25–1.71, p < .001 and aOR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.57–1.95, p < .001, respectively). Findings demonstrate substantial awareness of and interest in PrEP among MSM with behavioral risk factors for HIV in Latin America, suggesting that this region is primed for PrEP implementation, which has been slow.

Fear of terrorism and its correlates in young men and women from the United States and South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Fang Hong ◽  
Yijing Lin ◽  
Mikyung Jang ◽  
Amanda Tarullo ◽  
Majed Ashy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
The Usa

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine associations between fear of terrorism and several predictors (gender and nationality) and outcomes (moral disengagement, authoritarianism, aggression and social anxiety) in the USA and South Korean young adults. Of particular interest were the potential moderating and mediating roles of moral disengagement between fear of terrorism and the other outcomes. Design/methodology/approach Samples of 251 college students from the USA and 211 college students from South Korea completed survey packets including measures of fear of terrorism, moral disengagement, authoritarianism, aggression and social anxiety. Findings US participants expressed greater concern about a terrorist threat to their country, while South Koreans worried more about terrorist threats to their family or themselves. Females in both countries reported greater fear of terrorism and social anxiety. In both countries, fear of terrorism was associated with aggression, social anxiety and moral disengagement. Mediation analyses showed that fear of terrorism exerted a significant direct effect and an indirect effect via moral disengagement on aggression and authoritarianism in the US sample. Moderation analyses revealed that moral disengagement moderated the relationship between fear of terrorism and social anxiety in the Korean sample. Research limitations/implications This study has the common limitations of cross-sectional studies; i.e. it cannot prove causal relationships. Practical implications The findings support Albert Bandura’s view that efforts to address the excesses of counterterrorism and other negative outcomes of fear of terrorism, attending to issues of moral disengagement may be helpful. Originality/value The authors findings provide support for the view that fear of terrorism is associated with negative psychological and social outcomes and that moral disengagement can play an important role in those negative outcomes. Moreover, it adds to evidence that the negative role of moral disengagement shows considerable generalizability across gender and two very different cultures.

Variation in career and workplace attitudes by generation, gender, and culture differences in career perceptions in the United States and China

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Yi ◽  
Barbara Ribbens ◽  
Linna Fu ◽  
Weibo Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Work Values ◽  
The United States ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare and understand how age, gender and culture affect individual career and work-related attitudes in Chinese and American samples. Design/methodology/approach – Online and printed questionnaires were administered to employees and managers in China, whereas in the USA, faculty, staff and students at a Midwestern university responded to an online survey. Snowball sampling technique was used to collect data. Independent sample t-tests were conducted to test the hypothesis. Findings – The study showed different work values and attitudes in the workplace between Chinese and the US samples, and indicated the specifics influences that national culture has on them. Culture affects generational changes; generational differences in the US sample are bigger than in Chinese sample; work values differ across generations and cultures; traditional gender role differences persist more strongly across generations in Chinese sample than in the US sample. Research limitations/implications – Generalizability issues; cross-sectional data. Practical implications – US-based multi-national corporations need to understand these differences and better manage their diverse employees operating in China. Originality/value – This study compared generation, culture and gender differences simultaneously; parallel groups at similar life stages were used by basing the boundaries of each generation on the distinct cultural events of each nation. This approach is more consistent with generation definitions than by using influential specific events of each country, respectively. Useful to managers, it will provide guidance for understanding work values and attitudes across gender and generations in the USA and China. Most benefit will occur for US based multinational companies that have Chinese operations, and manage employees with cultural, gender and generational differences.

Cultural ‘fusions’: aspects of British West Indian music in the USA and Britain 1918–51

Popular Music ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Cowley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Latin American ◽  
West Indian ◽  
The United States ◽  
British West Indian ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Indian Music

In recent years, a surprising void has opened in discussions of the evolution of twentieth-century British popular music. Directly and indirectly, much attention has been given to the influence of the United States. Little, however, has been written on the development of Britain's own popular vocal and dance forms, especially in the key years between the two World Wars; neither have other cultural inter-relationships, such as British acceptance of ‘Latin American’ rhythms received the attention they deserve.

Catch 28

1983 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
Angel Rama
Keyword(s):  
American Literature ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Latin American Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Of Maryland ◽  
Critical Editions ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Index Index ◽  
Angel Rama

Latin America's last three winners of the Nobel Prize for Literature are ‘Communist subversives’, according to the USA Professor Angel Rama is one of Latin America's foremost literary critics, who has taught at many major universities in Latin America, Europe and the United States. He has published prolifically, including fourteen books on Latin American literature as well as scores of anthologies, critical editions, prologues and essays. In exile from his native Uruguay, he is currently Guggenheim Fellow at the University of Maryland, USA. However, in March 1982, the US immigration authorities suddenly announced that his permit to stay in the country would not be renewed (see Index on Censorship 3/1983 p 15). So Professor Rama became the latest in a considerable line of Latin American intellectuals to be banned from the USA for political reasons under the notorious Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, known as the McCarran-Walter Act. He is currently in Paris to do research for a major book on Latin American cultural history, and awaiting the result of his appeal against the order. In the following article, which is edited from a longer original in Quimera (Barcelona) No 26, December 1982, Professor Rama considers the background to the action against him. Other articles dealing with this problem have appeared in Index 5/1980 p 6, 1/1981 p 38, and 3/1983 p 13. See also the Index Index entries under the USA in Index 2/1973, 3/1976, 4/1981 and 2/1983.

scholarly journals The Association between Medication Experiences and Beliefs and Low Medication Adherence in Patients with Chronic Disease from Two Different Societies: The USA and the Sultanate of Oman

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Kamla M. Ibrahim ◽  
Jon C. Schommer ◽  
Donald E. Morisky ◽  
Raquel Rodriguez ◽  
Caroline Gaither ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Improve Medication Adherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The U.S

This cross-sectional study aimed to describe the association between medication experiences and beliefs and self-reported medication adherence in patients with chronic diseases in two different samples from two different societies: the USA and the Sultanate of Oman. The Morisky Medication Adherence Score (MMAS-8) questionnaire was used to measure medication adherence. Three items (statements) were used for measuring medication experiences and beliefs variable on a four-point Likert scale adapted from the 2015 National Consumer Survey of the Medication Experience and Pharmacists’ Role (NCSME&PR). In the U.S., quantitative secondary data analysis of 13,731 participants was conducted using the 2015 NCSME&PR, a self-administered online survey coordinated by Qualtrics Panels between 28 April 2015 and 22 June 2015. The same variables were translated into Arabic, with studies conducted at the Royal Court Medical Center in Oman, and data from 714 participants were collected between 16 June 2019 and 16 August 2019. Data were analyzed using IMB/SPSS version 24.0 software. Chi-square analysis and descriptive statistics were used. The results showed that the low adherence rates for medication (MMAS-8 < 6) were 56% and 52% in Omani and U.S. groups, respectively. Approximately 90% of the U.S. and Omani participants believed that “medicines are a life-saver”; however, medication adherence was higher in Oman (30%) than in the United States (9%) for these participants. In total, 60% of the U.S. and 29% of Omani participants believed that “medicines are a burden”; however, about 60–65% of participants in both countries were in the low medication adherence group. Additionally, 63% of the U.S. and 83% of the Omani participants disagreed that “medicines do more harm than good”; however, medication adherence in the U.S. (15%) was higher than in Oman (8%). In conclusion, a decrease in low medication adherence was observed with positive medication experiences and beliefs. However, the impacts of medication experiences and beliefs on low medication adherence rates were different from one population to another. The “medication burden” statement resulted in the highest percentage of difference in terms of low medication adherence rates between those who agree and those who disagree in the U.S. group (20%), whereas the “medicines are a life-saver” statement resulted in a greater difference in the Omani group (30%). Proper communication between patients and healthcare providers based on the patient’s medication experiences and beliefs will substantially improve medication adherence.

scholarly journals Dame Edna and ‘the help’

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-172
Author(s):  
Adrian Hale
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Latin American Immigrants

‘Dame Edna Everage’, a persona originally created by the Australian comedian Barry Humphries in 1955, is a character designed to simultaneously shock and amuse. Dame Edna voices (and satirizes) the discourse of ‘average’, older, politically conservative Anglo-Australians who feel compelled to ‘tell it like it is’ – no matter how offensive their opinions might be. In the Anglosphere, Edna’s humour is well understood and sustained international success has followed Edna for more than 60 years in Britain, Canada, the US and Australia. However, Edna occasionally misfires. In 2003, for instance, Edna’s satire outraged Latinos across the USA, in fulfillment of Poe’s Law (Aikin, 2009). Simply put, Latinos assumed that Edna’s comments satirising negative mainstream attitudes towards them were expressive of Edna’s authentic racism. This paper investigates the Edna joke in the overall context of failed humour and then specifically for the offensiveness it generated amongst the Latino minority in the United States. It then tests whether this reaction was the result of a discursive frame specific to the US context, by conducting an exploratory study amongst a small sample of highly educated Australian bilingual Latin American immigrants and their adult children, to see whether they thought Edna’s joke was funny. These Australian individuals of Latin American heritage responded via an online questionnaire, and an analysis of their responses is presented here. The study’s main finding is that while these individuals generally demonstrated a high comedic literacy across both English and Spanish, including a prior awareness of Edna’s and Australian humour, they overall rejected the intention and humour of Edna’s joke. This paper asserts that, when it comes to humour, some transnational migrant speech community loyalties transcend other notions of identity and language competence.

scholarly journals Hispanic media in the USA: current trends and future prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-73
Author(s):  
E. S. Golousova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Latin American ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fox News ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Latino Media ◽  
Hispanic Media

The relevance of this topic is primarily related to the change in the status of Hispanic media in the United States. Considering that in the middle of the last century most of the Americans listened to the Fox News, CNN, MSNBC, New York Times, Washington Post, today they are focused mostly on the La Opinion, CNN En Espanol, Telemundo, NBC News Latino, Remezcla and others. The changes in the status of Latino/Hispanic media are only one of components in shaping a new reality, where the Latin American population starts playing a much more active role than it did a couple of decades ago. The author reveals the main trends typical for Latino Media of the new era, analysing the content of the modern Hispanic media.

scholarly journals Availability of biological cancer drugs under research: registration and price in Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Bittencourt Gonzalez Mosegui ◽  
Fernando Antõnanzas Villar
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Drug Access ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Latin American Countries

Abstract This study seeks to understand biological cancer drug availability through registration and prices of the biological agents used for cancer therapy and authorized for sale in the last 5 years in Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico, comparing the data to those for the United States of America (USA) and Spain. The regulatory agencies’ websites were assessed for drugs registered between January 1, 2014, and February 20, 2019. Drug prices were sought in the clerical databases. Prices were also compared using purchasing power parity (PPP). The comparison between the purchasing power (PP) of the three Latin American countries is hampered by market heterogeneity and uncertainty in the data. There is no registration synchronization. The average difference between the launch time in the USA and in the other countries is 1.6 to 2.6 years. The USA has the lowest PPP values, compared to the Latin American countries studied, but higher prices. Differences in registration time reveal issues in drug access in the Latin American countries studied or a lack of equity between countries. The economic effort that these countries make to have access to these supplies is much higher than that of the USA and Spain.

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