Motivational factors in adult, auditioned community choirs: The power of aesthetic experiences

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-705
Author(s):  
David J. Redman ◽  
Jennifer A. Bugos
Keyword(s):  
Choral Music ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Music Aptitude ◽  
Music Achievement ◽  
Educational Benefits ◽  
Aesthetic Experiences ◽  
Musical Aptitude ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cusp Catastrophe Theory

The purpose of this study was to a) identify motivational factors to join and maintain membership in adult, auditioned community choirs; b) examine relationships between music achievement, music aptitude, and selected motivational factors; and c) examine the role of stress and anxiety as factors in choral participation. Participants ( N = 135) from four adult, auditioned community choirs participated in this study. Data was collected using measures of musical aptitude, vocal achievement, and a questionnaire relating to the topics of motivation, retention, and stress/anxiety informed by Cusp Catastrophe Theory. Results suggest that aesthetic motivation is a primary factor contributing to enrollment and retention in adult, auditioned community choirs. Experienced choral members perceive little stress or anxiety when learning or performing choral music; however, members believe that some stress may be beneficial to singing. Implications include the need for conductors to consider the importance of perceived aesthetic qualities when selecting choral literature. In addition, the impact of community ensembles on community cohesion, health benefits, and educational benefits may be related to motivational factors influencing continued participation.

Coexistent Osteoarthritis and Parkinson’s Disease: Data from the Parkinson’s Foundation Outcomes Project

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1601-1610
Author(s):  
Jaimie A. Roper ◽  
Abigail C. Schmitt ◽  
Hanzhi Gao ◽  
Ying He ◽  
Samuel Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Quality Improvement Initiative ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Mobility Performance ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
The Impact

Background: The impact of concurrent osteoarthritis on mobility and mortality in individuals with Parkinson’s disease is unknown. Objective: We sought to understand to what extent osteoarthritis severity influenced mobility across time and how osteoarthritis severity could affect mortality in individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Methods: In a retrospective observational longitudinal study, data from the Parkinson’s Foundation Quality Improvement Initiative was analyzed. We included 2,274 persons with Parkinson’s disease. The main outcomes were the effects of osteoarthritis severity on functional mobility and mortality. The Timed Up and Go test measured functional mobility performance. Mortality was measured as the osteoarthritis group effect on survival time in years. Results: More individuals with symptomatic osteoarthritis reported at least monthly falls compared to the other groups (14.5% vs. 7.2% without reported osteoarthritis and 8.4% asymptomatic/minimal osteoarthritis, p = 0.0004). The symptomatic group contained significantly more individuals with low functional mobility (TUG≥12 seconds) at baseline (51.5% vs. 29.0% and 36.1%, p < 0.0001). The odds of having low functional mobility for individuals with symptomatic osteoarthritis was 1.63 times compared to those without reported osteoarthritis (p < 0.0004); and was 1.57 times compared to those with asymptomatic/minimal osteoarthritis (p = 0.0026) after controlling pre-specified covariates. Similar results hold at the time of follow-up while changes in functional mobility were not significant across groups, suggesting that osteoarthritis likely does not accelerate the changes in functional mobility across time. Coexisting symptomatic osteoarthritis and Parkinson’s disease seem to additively increase the risk of mortality (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Our results highlight the impact and potential additive effects of symptomatic osteoarthritis in persons with Parkinson’s disease.

scholarly journals Measuring frailty in younger populations: a rapid review of evidence

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e047051
Author(s):  
Gemma F Spiers ◽  
Tafadzwa Patience Kunonga ◽  
Alex Hall ◽  
Fiona Beyer ◽  
Elisabeth Boulton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesFrailty is typically assessed in older populations. Identifying frailty in adults aged under 60 years may also have value, if it supports the delivery of timely care. We sought to identify how frailty is measured in younger populations, including evidence of the impact on patient outcomes and care.DesignA rapid review of primary studies was conducted.Data sourcesFour databases, three sources of grey literature and reference lists of systematic reviews were searched in March 2020.Eligibility criteriaEligible studies measured frailty in populations aged under 60 years using experimental or observational designs, published after 2000 in English.Data extraction and synthesisRecords were screened against review criteria. Study data were extracted with 20% of records checked for accuracy by a second researcher. Data were synthesised using a narrative approach.ResultsWe identified 268 studies that measured frailty in samples that included people aged under 60 years. Of these, 85 studies reported evidence about measure validity. No measures were identified that were designed and validated to identify frailty exclusively in younger groups. However, in populations that included people aged over and under 60 years, cumulative deficit frailty indices, phenotype measures, the FRAIL Scale, the Liver Frailty Index and the Short Physical Performance Battery all demonstrated predictive validity for mortality and/or hospital admission. Evidence of criterion validity was rare. The extent to which measures possess validity across the younger adult age (18–59 years) spectrum was unclear. There was no evidence about the impact of measuring frailty in younger populations on patient outcomes and care.ConclusionsLimited evidence suggests that frailty measures have predictive validity in younger populations. Further research is needed to clarify the validity of measures across the adult age spectrum, and explore the utility of measuring frailty in younger groups.

scholarly journals Risk of Nursing Home Use Among Older Americans: The Impact of Psychiatric History and Trajectories of Cognitive Function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria T Brown ◽  
Miriam Mutambudzi
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Psychiatric Training ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Course Variables ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Mental illness and cognitive functioning may be independently associated with nursing home use. We investigated the strength of the association between baseline (1998) psychiatric history, 8-year cognitive function trajectories, and prospective incidence of nursing home use over a 10-year period while accounting for relevant covariates in U.S. adults aged 65 and older. We hypothesized that self-reported baseline history of psychiatric, emotional, or nervous problems would be associated with a greater risk of nursing home use and that cognition trajectories with the greatest decline would be associated with a subsequent higher risk of nursing home use. Methods We used 8 waves (1998–2016) of Health and Retirement Study data for adults aged 65 years and older. Latent class mixture modeling identified 4 distinct cognitive function trajectory classes (1998–2006): low-declining, medium-declining, medium-stable, and high-declining. Participants from the 1998 wave (N = 5,628) were classified into these 4 classes. Competing risks regression analysis modeled the subhazard ratio of nursing home use between 2006 and 2016 as a function of baseline psychiatric history and cognitive function trajectories. Results Psychiatric history was independently associated with greater risk of nursing home use (subhazard ratio [SHR] 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.51, p &lt; .01), net the effects of life course variables. Furthermore, “low-declining” (SHR 2.255, 95% CI 1.70–2.99, p &lt; .001) and “medium-declining” (2.103, 95% CI 1.69–2.61, p &lt; .001) trajectories predicted increased risk of nursing home use. Discussion Evidence of these associations can be used to educate policymakers and providers about the need for appropriate psychiatric training for staff in community-based and residential long-term care programs.

scholarly journals A Study on Ownership Structure and Financial Performance of Listed Beverage Food and Tobacco Companies in Sri Lanka

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Saseela Balagobei ◽  
Thirunavukkarasu Velnampy
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

The relevant literature suggests that ownership structure is one of the main corporate governance mechanisms influencing the scope of financial performance. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between ownership structure and financial performance of listed beverage food and tobacco companies for the period of 2010-2015. This study also examines the impact of ownership structure on financial performance. The sample consists of 10 listed beverage food and tobacco companies in Sri Lanka. In this study, data was collected from secondary sources and hypotheses are examined by using Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis. The results reveal that ownership concentration and foreign ownership structure are positively correlated with financial performance of listed beverage food and tobacco companies while institutional ownership structure isn’t significantly correlated with financial performance. It is also found that there is a significant impact of foreign ownership structure on financial performance. Higher the foreign ownership structure in listed beverage food and tobacco companies, the higher the financial performance which is preferable for the shareholders and it improves the wealth of companies.

scholarly journals P070: Mixed effectiveness of emergency department diversion strategies: a systematic review

CJEM ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (S1) ◽  
pp. S102
Author(s):  
S.W. Kirkland ◽  
A. Soleimani ◽  
B.H. Rowe ◽  
A.S. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Diverting patients away from the emergency department (ED) has been proposed as a solution for reducing ED overcrowding. The objective of this systematic review is to examine the effectiveness of diversion strategies designed to either direct patients seeking care at an ED to an alternative source of care. Methods: Seven electronic databases and grey literature were searched. Randomized/controlled clinical trials and cohort studies assessing the effectiveness of pre-hospital and ED-based diversion interventions with a comparator were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently screened the studies for relevance, inclusion, and risk of bias. Intervention effects are reported as proportions (%) or relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Methodological and clinical heterogeneity prohibited pooling of study data. Results: From 7,306 citations, ten studies were included. Seven studies evaluated a pre-hospital diversion strategy and three studies evaluated an ED-based diversion strategy. The impact of diversion on subsequent health services was mixed. One study of paramedic practitioners reported increased ED attendance within 7 days (11.9% vs. 9.5%; p=0.049) but no differences in return visits for similar conditions (75.2% vs. 72.1%; p=0.64). The use of paramedic practitioners was associated with an increased risk of subsequent contact with health care services (RR=1.21, 95% CI 1.06, 1.38), while the use of deferred care was associated with no increase in risk of subsequently seeking physician care (RR=1.09, 95% CI 0.23, 5.26). While two studies reported that diverted patients were at significantly reduced risk for hospitalization, two other studies reported no significant differences between diverted or standard care patients. Conclusion: The evidence regarding the impact of pre-hospital and ED-based diversion on ED utilization and subsequent health care utilization is mixed. Additional high-quality comparative effectiveness studies of diversion strategies are required prior to widespread implementation.

scholarly journals Using patient feedback to drive quality improvement in hospitals: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e037641
Author(s):  
Simone Berger ◽  
Ana Maria Saut ◽  
Fernando Tobal Berssaneti
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Patient Feedback ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Net Promoter ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quality Tools

ObjectivesAlthough different forms of patient feedback are available, their use in hospital management is still limited. The objective of this study is to explore how patient feedback is currently used in hospitals to improve quality.DesignThis is a qualitative exploratory multiple case study. Data collection included nine interviews, of an average duration of 50 min, conducted between March and June 2019. Additionally, a document and secondary data analysis were performed.SettingThis study was conducted in three Brazilian hospitals selected for their solid patient feedback practises.ParticipantsManagers from the customer service, quality, nursing, operations, projects and patient experience departments of the three hospitals.ResultsDespite literature suggesting that organisational objectives regarding patient feedback are not clear, data show that there is managerial concern regarding the promotion of an environment capable of changing according to patient feedback. In these instances, organisational processes were structured to focus on patients’ feedback and its receipt by the staff, including a non-punitive culture. Several patient feedback forms are available: voluntary events, patient surveys and informal feedback. Instruments to measure patient feedback focused on specific aspects of healthcare, to identify and clarify the problems for addressal by the management. The net promoter score was the main strategic indicator of patient feedback, used to assess the impact of improvement action.ConclusionsThe hospitals had established objectives that valued the patient’s perspective. Involvement of the health team, availability of different channels for feedback and the use of quality tools are considered a good basis for using patient feedback to drive quality improvement.

Structured Encounter Form: The Impact on Provider Performance and Recording of Well-Child Care

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kaszuba Duggan ◽  
Barbara Starfield ◽  
Catherine DeAngelis
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Primary Care Clinic ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Process Of Care ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Provider Performance ◽  
Well Child Care ◽  
Hospital Pediatric ◽  
The Impact

The impact of record format on provider performance and recording of the process of care and their concordance were examined in this study. The process of care was defined by existing sets of explicit criteria developed for quality assessment. The study was conducted in an urban teaching hospital pediatric primary care clinic. Housestaff were encouraged, but not required, to use the clinic's structured, age-specific forms for recording well-child care. Performance and recording were compared during required well-child visits using the structured form and those using the basic clinic form. Study data from 1031 visits to 68 housestaff during a 14-month period were collected using medical record abstracting of all visits and direct observation of 243 of them. Twenty-three of the providers were assigned randomly to an unobserved control group to assess the effect of observation on recording. Use of the structured form was associated with significantly higher levels of both recorded and observed performance. When performance could be merely checked off to document performance, overdocumentation was found. Record-based estimates of performance were more accurate during visits when the structured form was used. Record format can improve provider performance and recording of the process of care.

Experience and impact of the 1-2-3 magic parent programme for children with ADHD on the family unit from the mothers’ perspectives: A narrative analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 136749352110399
Author(s):  
Stephanie Allen ◽  
Stephen K Bradley ◽  
Eileen Savage
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Family Unit ◽  
The Family ◽  
Narrative Constructions ◽  
The Impact

Parent programmes are often used in the clinical management of children with ADHD. Research into parent programmes has predominantly been concerned with their effectiveness and much less attention has been paid to the impact that they may be having on the family and the inter-relationships between family members. This study explores the perspectives and experiences of parents of children with ADHD, who participated in a parent programme, including its impact on the family unit. A purposive sample of six mothers of children with ADHD who completed a 1-2-3 Magic parent programme in Ireland was invited to take part in this qualitative study. Data were collected by means of individual in-depth, semi-structured interviews and a narrative inquiry approach further informed analysis of the interview data. Two major narrative constructions of experience: ‘parent programme as positive’ and ‘parent programme as negative’ were identified. Outcomes from this study illustrated some unintended consequences caused by the parent programme (i.e. sibling rivalry and conflict arising between family members). Mothers believed that the parent programme was a beneficial intervention, but it was not without its flaws and they felt it was helpful for their family when used in conjunction with other supports and mediations.

Impact of Non-Financial Factors on Performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises of Furniture Industry in Moratuwa, Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. I. A Perera ◽  
D. H. B. Y. Ranasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Furniture Industry ◽  
Input Constraints ◽  
Financial Factors ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Regulatory Constraints ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

Small and Medium Enterprises in any nation are blessed with the ability to become the backbone of the domestic economy and the sustainability. Therefore, they must concern about the factors which are affecting their performance. Many studies have been conducted by highlighting the financial factors that affect the performance of small and medium enterprises. Furniture industry is also embodied with number of small and medium enterprises around Sri Lanka. But still it is held the reputation in Moratuwa city. As an industry, small and medium enterprises are not sufficiently aware of non-financial factors which affect their performance and struggle to identify the impact of non-financial factors and how they could avoid the barriers from non-financial factors. Though the recent governments and regulatory bodies have designed policies and strategies to encourage small and medium enterprises by providing financial facilities, the information and the knowledge regarding non-financial factors are not sufficient. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of non-financial factors on performance of Furniture industry in Moratuwa, Sri Lanka. After a comprehensive literature review, Input constraints, Regulatory Constraints, Technology constraints, Infrastructure constraints and Threats of Substitute products are identified as the independent variables of the study. Data collection was done using a structured questionnaire with 30 questions of Likert scales from the selected sample of 100 Furniture small and medium enterprises located in Moratuwa area. The analysis was carried out performing tests on descriptive statistics, validity, reliability, correlation, and regression analyses, and it is empirically supported that there is a significant impact of input constraints and infrastructure constraints on performance of Furniture industry in Moratuwa, Sri Lanka. Thereby, the findings would help the authorities and policy makers to take necessary actions to accomplish fu

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