The Effects of Practice Strategies, Individual Differences in Cognitive Style, and Gender upon Technical Accuracy and Musicality of Student Instrumental Performance

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy H. Barry
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Instrumental Performance ◽  
Technical Accuracy ◽  
And Gender

Intuition, Cognitive Style, and Hemispheric Processing

1985 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverlie Fallik ◽  
John Eliot
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Field Dependence ◽  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Hemispheric Processing ◽  
Cognitive Organization ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Group Embedded Figures Test ◽  
And Gender

200 undergraduate volunteers were administered Westcott's Test of Intuitive Ability, Witkin's Group Embedded Figures Test, Paivio's Revised Individual Differences Questionnaire, and visual and aural dominance measures using a three-field tachistoscope and dichotic listening device, respectively. Field dependence was consistently related to poorer intuitive performance. No sex-related differences were found on intuition, embedded figures, Paivio's questionnaire, or dominance scores although the amount of intuition explained by cognitive style and dominance differed by hand and gender. Visual-verbal style was not associated with dominance while the relation of field dependence-independence and dominance was inconsistent. Neither dominance nor visual-verbal style was consistently related to intuition although complicated associations were indicated by hand and sex, suggesting differences in cognitive organization.

Large-Scale Demonstration Experiment of Mental Imagery Ability

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1089-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Richard Ferraro
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Introductory Psychology Class ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Psychology Class ◽  
Demonstration Experiment ◽  
And Gender

The present article describes a demonstration experiment used in a large introductory psychology class pertaining to mental imagery ability. The experiment is effective in providing a concrete instance of mental imagery as well as an effective discussion regarding individual differences and gender differences in imagery ability.

Individual differences predict ERP signatures of second language learning of novel grammatical rules

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily S Nichols ◽  
Marc F Joanisse
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
First Language ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
Grammatical Rule ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Anterior Negativity

We investigated the extent to which second-language (L2) learning is influenced by the similarity of grammatical features in one’s first language (L1). We used event-related potentials to identify neural signatures of a novel grammatical rule - grammatical gender - in L1 English speakers. Of interest was whether individual differences in L2 proficiency and age of acquisition (AoA) influenced these effects. L2 and native speakers of French read French sentences that were grammatically correct, or contained either a grammatical gender or word order violation. Proficiency and AoA predicted Left Anterior Negativity amplitude, with structure violations driving the proficiency effect and gender violations driving the AoA effect. Proficiency, group, and AoA predicted P600 amplitude for gender violations but not structure violations. Different effects of grammatical gender and structure violations indicate that L2 speakers engage novel grammatical processes differently from L1 speakers and that this varies appreciably based on both AoA and proficiency.

scholarly journals I think, therefore I forgive: The role of reasoning in forgiving accidental harms

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrajeet Patil ◽  
Bastien Trémolière
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
Total N ◽  
Moral Condemnation

People experience a strong conflict while condemning someone who brought about an accidental harm, her innocent intention exonerating her, but the harmful outcome incriminating her. In the present research (total N = 4879), we explore how reasoning ability and cognitive style relate to how people choose to resolve this conflict and judge the accidental harms. A first set of studies (1a-c) showed that individual differences in cognitive style predicted severity of judgments in fictitious accidental harms scenarios, with more able (or willing) reasoners being less harsh in their judgments. A second set of studies (2a-c) relied on experimental manipulations of cognitive load (Dot matrix, Time pressure, Mortality Salience manipulations), aiming to tax available cognitive resources to participants while evaluating third-party harmful behaviors. These manipulations, however, failed to modulate people’s moral judgments for accidental harms. We discuss the importance of individual differences in reasoning ability in the assessment of accidental harms, and we also propose potential explanations for the failure of our experimental manipulations to affect severity of moral condemnation.

Investigating the Effects of Individual Cognitive Styles on Collaborative Gameplay

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-49
Author(s):  
Sultan A. Alharthi ◽  
George E. Raptis ◽  
Christina Katsini ◽  
Igor Dolgov ◽  
Lennart E. Nacke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Team Member ◽  
User Study ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
Mental Load ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Player Experience

In multiplayer collaborative games, players need to coordinate their actions and synchronize their efforts effectively to succeed as a team; thus, individual differences can impact teamwork and gameplay. This article investigates the effects of cognitive styles on teams engaged in collaborative gaming activities. Fifty-four individuals took part in a mixed-methods user study; they were classified as field-dependent (FD) or independent (FI) based on a field-dependent–independent (FD-I) cognitive-style-elicitation instrument. Three groups of teams were formed, based on the cognitive style of each team member: FD-FD, FD-FI, and FI-FI. We examined collaborative gameplay in terms of team performance, cognitive load, communication, and player experience. The analysis revealed that FD-I cognitive style affected the performance and mental load of teams. We expect the findings to provide useful insights on understanding how cognitive styles influence collaborative gameplay.

Individual Differences in Social Networking Site Adoption

2010 ◽  
pp. 1569-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsha Gangadharbatla
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Acceptance Model

This chapter focuses on detailing the role of five individual level factors—Internet self-efficacy, self-esteem, need to belong, need for information, and gender—in influencing the attitudes toward social networking sites (SNS) and the adoption of such sites. First, the growing importance of social networking sites in business is discussed, and their usage as advertising vehicles is outlined. Individual differences in SNS adoption are presented from a technology acceptance model framework. A paperpencil- based survey is conducted and data obtained is used to test a structural model that explains the role of individual-level factors in influencing individuals’ attitudes toward SNS, their willingness to join SNS, and their actual membership on SNS. Results are presented and managerial implications are drawn.

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