scholarly journals Stigma and segregation: containing the Roma of Údol, Czech Republic

Race & Class ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Černušáková
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Black People ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy Measures

This article analyses the lived experience of a Czech Roma community in Údol, Ostrava. Based on the author’s participant-observation research, it demonstrates how certain neighbourhoods are increasingly targeted by policy measures which range from the denial of benefits to residents of certain areas to large-scale evictions or plans to demolish public housing. Such approaches are becoming a Europe-wide phenomenon. Although proponents of these measures argue the need to ‘protect law and order’, their policies target communities that are racialised as immigrant, Roma or Muslim. In some ways, the social exclusion of the Roma mirrors that of Black people in US ghettos, but there are also significant differences. The author demonstrates how the ‘post-socialist’ reality of Údol has been defined by the outsourcing of the state’s social functions, such as housing, to be carried out by charities and business. This has contributed, in what has now been turned into a racially defined space, to the ongoing reproduction of Údol’s containment of its Roma population, who, nonetheless, in their everyday life strategies have developed reliance on local and community networks that have replaced the state.

A Century of Selective Ignorance: Poland 1918–2018

Slavic Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-662
Author(s):  
Maciej Górny
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Turmoil

The article identifies some of the rarely recalled phenomena accompanying Poland's path towards independence. First is the level of economic, cultural, and everyday integration with imperial centers. Second is the growing intensity of interethnic strife. Third, the social turmoil, at times bordering on popular revolt, started in 1917 and lasted long after 1918. Fourth is the large-scale economic transformation and deprivations that this transformation brought about. Finally is the general longing for restoring law and order, a feeling that facilitated actions by minor groups of nationalists capable of creating at least a rudimentary state apparatus. None of the newly-created states of east central Europe was a result of consequent political action. Rather, they came into existence out of the interplay of social, economic, and cultural factors.

Persistent stigma despite social change: experiences of stigma among single women who were pregnant or mothers in the Republic of Ireland 1996–2010

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciara Bradley ◽  
Michelle Millar
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
Symbolic Resources ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Interpretive Method

‘Single’ women continue to experience stigma during pregnancy and mothering in the Republic of Ireland. This article explores the experiences of stigma of single women who were pregnant and mothering in Ireland between 1996 and 2010. The biographic narrative interpretive method (BNIM) was used to elicit biographical narratives. Analysis on both the lived experience of the women and the social context of the time created a ‘situated subjectivity’ in a sociocultural context. This article argues that despite large-scale positive social change before and during this period, single women’s pregnancy and motherhood continued to be to be stigmatised in Ireland. Women experienced this stigma in their everyday interactions. They negotiated stigma in their personal and social lives, employing strategies that drew on material and symbolic resources available to them. Social class, ethnicity and time were among factors that mediate the experience, but can also intersected in particular social locations to create a more stigmatised identity.

The Sydney 2002 Gay Games and Querying Australian National Space

10.1068/d401 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Waitt
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
National Space ◽  
Textual Representations ◽  
Opening Ceremony ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gay Pride ◽  
Gay Games ◽  
Sports Venues ◽  
National Boundaries

In what ways did Sydney's Gay Games reinvent the Australian nation? In this paper I set out to examine this question by drawing upon the idea that sports and parades of athletes during opening ceremonies have been definitive moments for the Australian nation. I investigate the social terrains or bodyscapes invoked by sporting gay pride during the participants' parade at the opening ceremony and sports venues of the Sydney 2002 Gay Games. This enables insights into whether these spaces subverted the heteronormativity of sporting bodies that are metaphors for Australian national space. I centre my argument within a post-Foucauldian performance theory to consider both lived experience and textual representations of queer sports spaces. This approach advocates a recursive relationship between power, discourse, and critically reflexive, geographically embedded subjects. The ethnographic basis of my findings is participant observation and a time series of in-depth interviews with over forty self-identifying gay and queer males living in Sydney. I extract two overarching themes from the bodyscapes of the games: transcendence and imprisonment. For those actively involved in the making of camp bodyscapes, mimicking the monopoly of the dominant order through the authority of national signification provided by the parade of athletes at opening ceremonies and by sporting bodies offered a transgressive vehicle. However, the pillar of hetero-normative sporting bodies in defining Australian national boundaries survived unchallenged. Sporting gay pride also worked to close rather than to open up a space for discourses about sexuality and national identity to occur. Closure from a mainstream audience occurred by jettisoning the shame that links sport, sex, and bodies. Closure also occurred amongst certain respondents who shunned the games, regarding it as disciplining bodies into ‘normalcy’.

scholarly journals Engaging Values Despite Neutrality

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Shilton
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Protocol Design ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Internet Protocols ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Protocol Development ◽  
Infrastructure Design ◽  
The Social

Internet protocol development is a social process, and resulting protocols are shaped by their developers’ politics and values. This article argues that the work of protocol development (and more broadly, infrastructure design) poses barriers to developers’ reflection upon values and politics in protocol design. A participant observation of a team developing internet protocols revealed that difficulties defining the stakeholders in an infrastructure and tensions between local and global viewpoints both complicated values reflection. Further, Internet architects tended to equate a core value of interoperability with values neutrality. The article describes how particular work practices within infrastructure development overcame these challenges by engaging developers in praxis: situated, lived experience of the social nature of technology.

scholarly journals ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ И ВКЛАД В МОЛДАВСКУЮ ЭТНОЛОГИЮ И ГАГАУЗОВЕДЕНИЕ М.Н. ГУБОГЛО

2020 ◽  
pp. 301-314
Author(s):  
Елизавета Николаевна Квилинкова
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Famous Scientist ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post War

Статья посвящена Михаилу Николаевичу Губогло – известному ученому, профессору, который является одним из основателей российской этносоциологии и гагаузской этнологии. В статье анализируется практическая значимость использованных им новых этносоциологических методов и подходов в контексте гагаузской проблематики. Отмечается, что он исследовал не только вопросы этногенеза гагаузов, но и культуру повседневности этого народа. Рассматривается использованный им в работах подход, с помощью которого он в системе этнологического знания исследовал идентичности гагаузов, социальные функции их повседневности в послевоенный период и др. Констатируется, что примененный им биографический и автобиографический метод позволил проследить судьбу различных элементов соционормативной культуры гагаузов. Раскрываются основные области вклада М.Н. Губогло в молдавскую этнологию и гагаузоведение. По его идее и под его руководством был успешно реализован ряд крупных масштабных проектов: проведены российско-молдавские симпозиумы, опубликованы коллективные монографии в престижной серии «Народы и культуры», изданы сборники и др. Благодаря приложенным им усилиям был дан мощный импульс молдавской этнологии, активизировались междисциплинарные исследования. Подчеркивается, что он внес неоценимый вклад в развитие молдавского гагаузоведения. Делается вывод о том, что в первом десятилетии XXI века состоялся переход гагаузоведения от описательной этнографии к аналитической этнологии. The article is dedicated to Mikhail Nikolaevich Guboglo – a famous scientist, professor, who is one of the founders of Russian ethno-sociology and Gagauz ethnology. The article analyzes the practical values of his new ethno-sociological methods and approaches in the context of Gagauz studies. It is noted that he studied not only the ethnogenesis of the Gagauz people, but also their everyday culture and lifestyles. The article examines the approach he developed to investigate the identities of the Gagauzes, the social functions of their everyday life in the post-war and other periods in the system of ethnological knowledge. The author argues that the biographical and autobiographical method he used allowed him to trace the fate of various elements of the socio-normative culture of the Gagauz people. The main areas of M.N. Guboglo’s contribution to Moldavian ethnology and Gagauz studies are revealed. According to his idea and under his leadership, a number of large-scale projects were successfully implemented: Russian-Moldavian symposia were held, collective monographs were published in the prestigious series “Peoples and Cultures”, collections were printed etc. Thanks to his efforts, a powerful impetus was given to Moldovan ethnology, and interdisciplinary research intensified. It is emphasized that he made an invaluable contribution to the development of Moldavian Gagauz studies. It is concluded that in the first decade of the 21st century, Gagauz studies transformed from descriptive ethnography to analytical ethnology.

scholarly journals Roma at School: A Look at the Past and the Present. The Case of Portugal

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Lurdes Nicolau
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
School Dropouts ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
The Social ◽  
Schooling Process ◽  
Phd Thesis

AbstractThe schooling process has become more widespread among the Portuguese Roma population since 1974, with the end of the Estado Novo dictatorship and the establishment of democracy. Nevertheless, the Roma nomadism or semi-nomadism, financial shortcomings and the absence of social/cultural/family stimuli are some of the reasons that explain their low school attendance rates. Only in the last decades has such attendance increased, as a result of the implementation of several public policies, particularly of the Social Integration Income. This social policy, implemented in 1996, introduced important changes in this population, especially in areas such as schooling, personal hygiene, housing, health, or sedentism.Recent research has shown an increase in the educational level of the Roma population, but school dropouts and failure remain high. This tendency was also studied in the northeast of Portugal, in a PhD thesis about the relationships between the Roma and school. In the present research work, a qualitative methodology was adopted, using direct and participant observation, as well as interviews to some Roma parents and non-Roma teachers. Both groups emphasize the main difficulties of Roma children at school.The conclusions show that several factors affect these students’ schooling nowadays, especially poor housing conditions, parents’ illiteracy or low schooling, lack of daily study monitoring at home, absence of models in their environment, non-attendance of pre-school, and discrimination against them.

scholarly journals FUNGSI RITUAL KAAGO – AGO (RITUAL PENCEGAH PENYAKIT) PADA MASYARAKAT MUNA DI SULAWESI TENGGARA

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
La Ode Aris
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Peace Of Mind ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
The Social ◽  
Control Education ◽  
Ethnographic Analysis ◽  
The Village

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan ritual kaago-ago dan fungsinya bagi masyarakat Muna di Sulawesi Tenggara. Ritual kaago-ago adalah ritual yang diadakan sebelum pergantian musim, dari musim timur ke musim barat atau sebaliknya. Ritual ini dilakukan dalam wujud melakukan hubungan pertalian dengan agen-agen tertentu yang bukan manusia, tetapi jin dan setan, agar mereka tidak mengganggu manusia, atau memunculkan penyakit pada manusia. Ritual kaago-ago atau ritual pencegahan penyakit dilakukan karena pada saat pergantian musim, umat manusia merasa tidak nyaman, tertekan, panik, dan lain sebagainya. Untuk itu, mereka melakukan suatu strategi dengan cara menyiasati keadaan, sehingga dapat mengatasi suatu kondisi yang labil.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Lohia Kecamatan Lohia Kabupaten Muna Sulawesi Tenggara. Secara spesifik, kajian ini akan  terfokus pada fungsi ritual kaago-ago dalam kehidupan orang Muna masa kini. Untuk mengungkap hal itu, dipakai pendekatan kualitatif, sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipasi dan wawancara mendalam. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik analisis etnografik.  Fungsi ritual kaago-ago adalah meliputi fungsi religius dan fungsi sosial. Fungsi religius dapat selamat atau terhindarnya manusia dari penyakit, tercapainya ketenangan jiwa, dan terjadinya hubungan baik antara manusia dengan makluk halus. Sedangkan, fungsi sosial yaitu terciptanya solidaritas sosial, kontrol sosial, edukasi dan intergrasi. This objective of this research is to describe Kaago- ago ritual and its function for Muna people in South Sulawesi. Kaago-ago ritual is the ritual held before the change of seasons, from east season to west season or vice versa. The ritual was done by communicating with certain supernatural beings, so they do not interfere with or spread diseases in humans. Kaago-ago ritual or rituals performed for disease prevention was done at the turn of the seasons because at that time, human  feel uncomfortable, distressed, frantic, and so forth. The ritual wes held to deal with the situation, so it can cope with  unstable condition created by seasons changes. The research was conducted in the village of Muna Lohia village, Lohia District Southeast Sulawesi. Specifically, this study will be focused on the function of kaago-ago rituals in the lives of today’s Muna. To reveal it, a qualitative approach was used, whereas the techniques of data collection were participant observation and in-depth interviews. Meanwhile, data analysis was done by using ethnographic analysis. Kaago-ago ritual has a religious function and social function. The religious functions include wellbeing, peace of mind, and good relationship among human beings and between human beings and non-human beings. The social functions include the creation of social solidarity, social control, education and integration.

scholarly journals O uso do Software HagáQuê nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: práticas de letramento em contextos digitais

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Aletheia Machado de OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Educational Software ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
School Belonging ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Technological Tool

RESUMOO presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar se o uso do software educativo HagáQuê auxilia os alunos no processo de leitura e escrita em contexto digital. Com uma metodologia de caráter qualitativa e pesquisa de campo com observação participante direta intensiva, o estudo envolveu professora e alunos em atuação no 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental pertencentes à rede municipal de ensino localizada no município de Minas Gerais. Os dados revelam que o trabalho articulado com a ferramenta tecnológica computador deve pautar-se através de um processo integrado, crítico, reflexivo e elaborado à luz dos objetivos educacionais. Verificou-se que a análise das histórias em quadrinhos criadas pelos alunos com a ajuda do software HagáQuê revela efetividade da prática da leitura e escrita de forma contextual. Conclui-se que o software educativo HagáQuê mostrou-se ser uma ferramenta interessante para esse processo ao provocar um interesse para uma maior aproximação com as funções sociais da linguagem. Letramento. Software educativo. HagáQuê.ABSTRACTThis paper aims to analyze whether the use of educational software HagáQuê helps students in the process of reading and writing in a digital context. With a qualitative methodology and field research with intensive direct participant observation, the study involved a teacher and students working in the 5th year of elementary school belonging to the municipal school system located in the municipality of Minas Gerais. The data reveal that the work articulated with the computer technological tool must be guided by an integrated, critical, reflective and elaborated process in the light of educational objectives. It was found that the analysis of the comic books created by the students with the help of the HagáQuê software reveals the effectiveness of the practice of reading and writing in a contextual way. It is concluded that the educational software HagáQuê proved to be an interesting tool for this process by provoking an interest in a closer relationship with the social functions of language. Literacy. Educacional Software. HagáQuê.RESUMENEste artículo tiene como objetivo analizar si el uso del software educativo HagáQuê ayuda a los estudiantes en el proceso de lectura y escritura en contexto digital. Con una metodología cualitativa e investigación de campo con observación participante directa intensiva, el estudio involucró a una profesora y alumnos que estudian en el 5to año de la escuela primaria perteneciente al sistema escolar municipal ubicado en el municipio de Minas Gerais. Los datos revelan que el trabajo articulado con la herramienta tecnológica computadora debe ser guiado por un proceso integrado, crítico, reflexivo y elaborado a la luz de los objetivos educativos. Se averiguó que el análisis de las historietas creadas por los estudiantes con la ayuda del software HagáQuê revela efectividad de la práctica de la lectura y la escritura de manera contextual. Se concluye que el software educativo HagáQuê resultó ser una herramienta interesante para este proceso al despertar el interés por una relación más cercana con las funciones sociales del lenguaje.Alfabetización. Software educativo. HagáQuê.SOMMARIOQuesto articolo mira ad analizzare se l'uso del software educativo HagáQuê aiuta gli studenti nel processo di lettura e scrittura in un contesto digitale. Utilizzando una metodologia qualitativa e una ricerca sul campo con un'intensa osservazione diretta dei partecipanti, lo studio ha coinvolto un insegnante e studenti che studiano nel 5 ° anno della scuola primaria appartenente al sistema scolastico municipale situato nel comune di Minas Gerais. Dai dati emerge che il lavoro articolato con lo strumento informatico deve essere guidato da un processo integrato, critico, riflessivo ed elaborato alla luce degli obiettivi formativi. Si è riscontrato che l'analisi dei fumetti creati dagli studenti con l'aiuto del software HagáQuê rivela l'efficacia della pratica di lettura e scrittura in modo contestuale. Si è concluso che il software educativo HagáQuê si è rivelato uno strumento interessante per questo processo risvegliando l'interesse in una relazione più stretta con le funzioni sociali del linguaggio.Alfabetizzazione. Software educativo. Fare.

Co-Sounding: Fostering intersubjectivity in electronic music improvisation

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Otso Lähdeoja ◽  
Alejandro Montes De Oca
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Music ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Music Improvisation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Semantic Communication ◽  
Video Documentation ◽  
Shared Agency

Shared music improvisation constitutes a formidable vector for intersubjective connection. Improvisation is a space of non-semantic communication that allows for putting oneself at risk and requires mutual trust and listening, as well as dialogical qualities. This article investigates the intersubjective dimension of improvisation in electronic music praxis, focusing on how the electronic medium can be used to foster mediation between musicians. The article builds on a practice-based enquiry in duo format, conducted in three successive technological settings, with a methodological entanglement of aesthetic and design aims. Systematic video documentation and participant observation provide an analytical counterpoint to an immersion in the improvisatory praxis. A set of design strategies for fostering intersubjective connection in shared musicianship emerges from the research. The findings provide the basis for a dialectical consideration between musical and intersubjective aesthetics. The discussion points to the diversity of social functions of music and their respective aesthetics. Electronic instruments’ inherent plasticity allows for reconfiguring the social space of music-making, and thus opens perspectives for devising synergetic music systems that emphasise an ethos of shared agency over the production of musical objects or performances.

“Big Freaky-Looking Women”: Normalizing Gender Transgression through Bodybuilding

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly A. McGrath ◽  
Ruth A. Chananie-Hill
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
College Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Attribution ◽  
Depth Interviews

Based on participant observation and in-depth interviews with 10 college-level female bodybuilders, this paper focuses on several aspects of female bodybuilding that are underexplored in existing literature, including purposeful gender transgressions, gender attribution, racialized bodies, and the conflation of sex, gender, and sexual preference. We draw on critical feminist theory and the social constructionist perspective to enhance collective understanding of the subversive possibilities emerging from female bodybuilders’ lived experience. Collectively, female bodybuilders’ experiences affect somatic and behavioral gender norms in a wider Western-type industrialized society such as the United States.

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