scholarly journals O uso do Software HagáQuê nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: práticas de letramento em contextos digitais

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Aletheia Machado de OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Educational Software ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
School Belonging ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Technological Tool

RESUMOO presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar se o uso do software educativo HagáQuê auxilia os alunos no processo de leitura e escrita em contexto digital. Com uma metodologia de caráter qualitativa e pesquisa de campo com observação participante direta intensiva, o estudo envolveu professora e alunos em atuação no 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental pertencentes à rede municipal de ensino localizada no município de Minas Gerais. Os dados revelam que o trabalho articulado com a ferramenta tecnológica computador deve pautar-se através de um processo integrado, crítico, reflexivo e elaborado à luz dos objetivos educacionais. Verificou-se que a análise das histórias em quadrinhos criadas pelos alunos com a ajuda do software HagáQuê revela efetividade da prática da leitura e escrita de forma contextual. Conclui-se que o software educativo HagáQuê mostrou-se ser uma ferramenta interessante para esse processo ao provocar um interesse para uma maior aproximação com as funções sociais da linguagem. Letramento. Software educativo. HagáQuê.ABSTRACTThis paper aims to analyze whether the use of educational software HagáQuê helps students in the process of reading and writing in a digital context. With a qualitative methodology and field research with intensive direct participant observation, the study involved a teacher and students working in the 5th year of elementary school belonging to the municipal school system located in the municipality of Minas Gerais. The data reveal that the work articulated with the computer technological tool must be guided by an integrated, critical, reflective and elaborated process in the light of educational objectives. It was found that the analysis of the comic books created by the students with the help of the HagáQuê software reveals the effectiveness of the practice of reading and writing in a contextual way. It is concluded that the educational software HagáQuê proved to be an interesting tool for this process by provoking an interest in a closer relationship with the social functions of language. Literacy. Educacional Software. HagáQuê.RESUMENEste artículo tiene como objetivo analizar si el uso del software educativo HagáQuê ayuda a los estudiantes en el proceso de lectura y escritura en contexto digital. Con una metodología cualitativa e investigación de campo con observación participante directa intensiva, el estudio involucró a una profesora y alumnos que estudian en el 5to año de la escuela primaria perteneciente al sistema escolar municipal ubicado en el municipio de Minas Gerais. Los datos revelan que el trabajo articulado con la herramienta tecnológica computadora debe ser guiado por un proceso integrado, crítico, reflexivo y elaborado a la luz de los objetivos educativos. Se averiguó que el análisis de las historietas creadas por los estudiantes con la ayuda del software HagáQuê revela efectividad de la práctica de la lectura y la escritura de manera contextual. Se concluye que el software educativo HagáQuê resultó ser una herramienta interesante para este proceso al despertar el interés por una relación más cercana con las funciones sociales del lenguaje.Alfabetización. Software educativo. HagáQuê.SOMMARIOQuesto articolo mira ad analizzare se l'uso del software educativo HagáQuê aiuta gli studenti nel processo di lettura e scrittura in un contesto digitale. Utilizzando una metodologia qualitativa e una ricerca sul campo con un'intensa osservazione diretta dei partecipanti, lo studio ha coinvolto un insegnante e studenti che studiano nel 5 ° anno della scuola primaria appartenente al sistema scolastico municipale situato nel comune di Minas Gerais. Dai dati emerge che il lavoro articolato con lo strumento informatico deve essere guidato da un processo integrato, critico, riflessivo ed elaborato alla luce degli obiettivi formativi. Si è riscontrato che l'analisi dei fumetti creati dagli studenti con l'aiuto del software HagáQuê rivela l'efficacia della pratica di lettura e scrittura in modo contestuale. Si è concluso che il software educativo HagáQuê si è rivelato uno strumento interessante per questo processo risvegliando l'interesse in una relazione più stretta con le funzioni sociali del linguaggio.Alfabetizzazione. Software educativo. Fare.

Diversity, Leadership, and Authenticity in the Undocumented Youth Movement

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-61
Author(s):  
Fanny Lauby
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
State Level ◽  
Elected Officials ◽  
Immigration Status ◽  
Undocumented Youth ◽  
New Members ◽  
Youth Movement ◽  
Electoral Connection ◽  
The Social

AbstractThe undocumented youth movement is diverse in terms of race, ethnicity, and immigration status. I argue that racial and immigration status diversity has a direct impact on the movement's ability to “expand the scope of conflict,” that is to say recruiting new members, reaching out to elected officials, and establishing representative leadership—elements that are critical to the sustainability and effectiveness of a movement. Findings also indicate that immigration status diversity plays a complex role. The presence of citizen allies brings both risks and benefits to the movement, as they reinforce the electoral connection sought by elected officials while at the same time jeopardizing the authenticity of the movement. Results are based on field research conducted between 2012 and 2015 in NJ and NY, including participant observation in state-level campaigns and interviews with over 130 immigrant youths, allies, and elected officials. This article contributes to the social movement literature by providing empirical evidence of the challenges present within diverse coalitions. It addresses the question of immigration status diversity, an issue that affects the immigration movement but speaks more broadly to the role of allies in social movements.

Being old, being healthy: the dimension of health in the social representations of old age

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Gabriela Silveira de Paula ◽  
Patrícia Do Socorro Magalhães Franco Espírito-Santo
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Key Words Aging ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Social

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the social representations of the elderly on aging and experiences related to health involved in this process. Methodology: the qualitative methodology was applied; data collection was carried out through participant observation, semi-structured interviews and field journal. The interviews were recorded, and a signed a free and clear consent form was obtained, with seven elderly volunteers in Franca – São Paulo, Brazil. The study was approved by Uni-FACEF´s Research Ethics Committee (035/2009). Results: from the analyses of the interviews, three social representations were found among which health constituted the center of discussion: (1) Life silencing: a stigmatized old age where health is determined by declining physical and mental capacities; (2) New identity: an active old age where health is what provides freedom and independence; (3) A natural process: old age is an expected stage and health is spiritual well-being. Conclusions: these results show that social representations of old age are associated to the current redefinition of health; to a positive concept of health; and to the individual’s responsibility for health, that is associated with the aging reprivatization. Key words: Aging; health; social representations; contemporaneity. RESUMO Objetivo: compreender as representações sociais do idoso acerca do envelhecer e das vivências relativas à saúde implicadas neste processo. Metodologia: utilizou-se a metodologia qualitativa, a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da observação participante, entrevistas semi-estruturadas, e diário de campo. Após a assinatura dos termos de consentimento livre e esclarecido, as entrevistas foram gravadas com sete idosos voluntários na cidade de Franca – SP. Para preservar a identidade dos participantes, todos os nomes utilizados neste artigo são fictícios. O projeto de pesquisa foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Centro Universitário de Franca (protocolo 035/2009). Resultados: a partir das análises das entrevistas, emergiram três RS acerca da velhice, nas quais a saúde constituiu-se em eixo de discussão: (1) A vida silenciando: uma velhice estigmatizada, em que a saúde é marcada por declínios nas capacidades físicas e mentais; (2) A Nova identidade: uma velhice ativa em que a saúde é aquilo que dá liberdade e independência; (3) Um Processo natural: a velhice é uma etapa esperada, e a saúde é o bem-estar espiritual. Conclusões: tais resultados demonstram que as RS da velhice estão associadas à atual ressignificação da saúde; a um conceito positivo de saúde; e à responsabilização individual pela saúde, a qual se associa à reprivatização do envelhecimento. Descritores: envelhecimento; saúde; representações sociais; contemporaneidade. RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender las representaciones sociales de las personas mayores sobre el envejecimiento y las experiencias relacionadas con la salud implicada en este proceso. Metodología: se utilizó una metodología cualitativa, la recolección de datos fue realizada por medio de la observación participante, entrevistas semi-estructuradas y diario de campo. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas, firmados los términos del consentimiento libre e informado, con siete voluntarios de la ciudad de Franca – São Paulo, Brasil. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Uni-FACEF. Resultados: a partir del análisis de las entrevistas, reveló tres representaciones sociales sobre la vejez, donde la salud se constituyó en un eje de discusión: (1) La vida silenciando: una vejez estigmatizada, donde la salud se caracteriza por la disminución de la capacidad física y mental, (2) La nueva identidad: una vejez activa, donde la salud es lo que concede libertad e independencia, (3) Un proceso natural: el envejecimiento es un paso esperado y la salud es el bienestar espiritual.  Conclusiones: Estos resultados demuestran que las representaciones sociales de la edad están asociadas con la actual resignificación de la salud; con un concepto positivo de la salud, que se asocia con la reprivatización del envejecimiento. Descriptores: Envejecimiento; salud; representaciones sociales; contemporaneidad.

scholarly journals Sobre la observación participante en la Escuela de Chicago: un análisis de las monografías fundacionales

2017 ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Javier Santos ◽  
Juan Ignacio Piovani ◽  
María Eugenia Rausky
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Chicago School ◽  
Technical Aspect ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
History Of

ResumenLa idea de una Escuela Sociológica de Chicago en el período de entreguerras ha resultado persistente –en el marco de una interpretación que podríamos considerar clásica– bajo el supuesto lugar privilegiado que ésta tuvo en el desarrollo de los métodos cualitativos de investigación social (en general) y de la observación participante (en particular). Sin embargo, algunos de los autores que han avanzado en la reconstrucción de la historia de los métodos de investigación sociológica han cuestionado que se trate de métodos cualitativos en el sentido actual, presentando así una interpretación revisionista de la Escuela y de sus aportes metodológicos.Teniendo en cuenta esta tensión entre interpretaciones clásicas y revisionistas, en este artículo nos proponemos caracterizar las prácticas de investigación de campo (fieldwork) desplegadas en las monografías chicaguenses (tesis doctorales) que luego serían tomadas como hitos fundacionales de la observación participante sociológica por parte de los mentores de la interpretación clásica.Estas prácticas observacionales aplicadas en la investigación empírica de Chicago son interpretadas a partir de dos dimensiones: por una parte desde el punto de vista instrumental/operativo (técnico), recurriendo a la tipología desarrollada por Gold (1958) en su célebre artículo sobre los roles de observación y participación. Por otra parte, desde el punto de vista teórico-epistemológico, teniendo en cuenta su relación con supuestos objetivistas/cientificistas o interpretativos/cualitativos.Esta doble dimensión del análisis (epistemológico/técnico) permite mediar entre las versiones clásicas y revisionistas de la Escuela de Chicago, destacando la aplicación pionera en este contexto de técnicas análogas (al menos superficialmente) a la moderna observación participante (aspecto técnico), pero fundamentadas en general a partir de postulados objetivistas y cientificistas, y no en el marco de las concepciones interpretativas que en la actualidad dan sustento a la investigación cualitativa (aspecto epistemológico).Palabras clave: Escuela de Chicago, Metodología cualitativa, Obervación ParticipanteAbstractThe idea of a Sociological School of Chicago during the interwar period has been persistent –from a perspective that could be considered classical–, under the assumption that it had a special place in the development of qualitative methods of social research (in general) and of participant observation (in particular). However, some authors that focused on the history of sociological research methods have contested the idea that it developed qualitative methods in the modern sense, presenting a revisionist interpretation of the School and its methodological contributions.Given this tension between traditional and revisionist interpretations, this paper examines the practices of field research (fieldwork) portrayed in the Chicagoans’ monographs (doctoral thesis) that were later taken as foundational landmarks of sociological participant observation by the mentors of the above-mentioned classical interpretation.These observational practices applied in empirical investigations conducted by Chicagoans are analyzed from two dimensions: on one hand from the instrumental/operational (technical) standpoint, using the typology developed by Gold (1958) in his famous article on the roles of observation and participation. On the other hand, from the theoreticalepistemological perspective, taking into account their relationship with objectivist/scientistic or either interpretive/qualitative assumptions.This double dimension of analysis (epistemological/technical) allows to mediate between the classical and revisionist versions of the Chicago School, highlighting its pioneering application of research techniques at least superficially similar to modern participant observation (technical aspect), but based on objectivist and scientistic principles, and not on the kind of interpretative concepts that currently support qualitative methodology (epistemological aspect).Key words: Chicago School, Qualitative Methodology, Participant Observation 

scholarly journals From social interaction to autonomy: playful aquatic experiences for children with autistic spectrum disorder

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Gomes ◽  
◽  
Wihanna Franzoni ◽  
Alcyane Marinho ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
The Social

This study analyze playful aquatic experiences in the facilitated by a non-governmental organization in Florianópolis (SC) for the social interaction of children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This study is qualitative approach, in which three field research instruments were used: systematic observation, participant observation and semi-structured interviews. Among the participants are five children with ASD, seven professionals and four family members. Among the results, the aspects intrinsic to the formatting of musical experiences acted as facilitators of moments of social interaction between children with TEA and OS, and three of these children demonstrate motivation to get involved and create games and interest in social interaction. In conclusion, the playful experiences made it possible for children to cultivate verbal or gestural communication skills and create bonds of trust with volunteers and other children.

scholarly journals Roma at School: A Look at the Past and the Present. The Case of Portugal

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Lurdes Nicolau
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
School Dropouts ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
The Social ◽  
Schooling Process ◽  
Phd Thesis

AbstractThe schooling process has become more widespread among the Portuguese Roma population since 1974, with the end of the Estado Novo dictatorship and the establishment of democracy. Nevertheless, the Roma nomadism or semi-nomadism, financial shortcomings and the absence of social/cultural/family stimuli are some of the reasons that explain their low school attendance rates. Only in the last decades has such attendance increased, as a result of the implementation of several public policies, particularly of the Social Integration Income. This social policy, implemented in 1996, introduced important changes in this population, especially in areas such as schooling, personal hygiene, housing, health, or sedentism.Recent research has shown an increase in the educational level of the Roma population, but school dropouts and failure remain high. This tendency was also studied in the northeast of Portugal, in a PhD thesis about the relationships between the Roma and school. In the present research work, a qualitative methodology was adopted, using direct and participant observation, as well as interviews to some Roma parents and non-Roma teachers. Both groups emphasize the main difficulties of Roma children at school.The conclusions show that several factors affect these students’ schooling nowadays, especially poor housing conditions, parents’ illiteracy or low schooling, lack of daily study monitoring at home, absence of models in their environment, non-attendance of pre-school, and discrimination against them.

scholarly journals FUNGSI RITUAL KAAGO – AGO (RITUAL PENCEGAH PENYAKIT) PADA MASYARAKAT MUNA DI SULAWESI TENGGARA

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
La Ode Aris
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Peace Of Mind ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
The Social ◽  
Control Education ◽  
Ethnographic Analysis ◽  
The Village

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan ritual kaago-ago dan fungsinya bagi masyarakat Muna di Sulawesi Tenggara. Ritual kaago-ago adalah ritual yang diadakan sebelum pergantian musim, dari musim timur ke musim barat atau sebaliknya. Ritual ini dilakukan dalam wujud melakukan hubungan pertalian dengan agen-agen tertentu yang bukan manusia, tetapi jin dan setan, agar mereka tidak mengganggu manusia, atau memunculkan penyakit pada manusia. Ritual kaago-ago atau ritual pencegahan penyakit dilakukan karena pada saat pergantian musim, umat manusia merasa tidak nyaman, tertekan, panik, dan lain sebagainya. Untuk itu, mereka melakukan suatu strategi dengan cara menyiasati keadaan, sehingga dapat mengatasi suatu kondisi yang labil.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Lohia Kecamatan Lohia Kabupaten Muna Sulawesi Tenggara. Secara spesifik, kajian ini akan  terfokus pada fungsi ritual kaago-ago dalam kehidupan orang Muna masa kini. Untuk mengungkap hal itu, dipakai pendekatan kualitatif, sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipasi dan wawancara mendalam. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik analisis etnografik.  Fungsi ritual kaago-ago adalah meliputi fungsi religius dan fungsi sosial. Fungsi religius dapat selamat atau terhindarnya manusia dari penyakit, tercapainya ketenangan jiwa, dan terjadinya hubungan baik antara manusia dengan makluk halus. Sedangkan, fungsi sosial yaitu terciptanya solidaritas sosial, kontrol sosial, edukasi dan intergrasi. This objective of this research is to describe Kaago- ago ritual and its function for Muna people in South Sulawesi. Kaago-ago ritual is the ritual held before the change of seasons, from east season to west season or vice versa. The ritual was done by communicating with certain supernatural beings, so they do not interfere with or spread diseases in humans. Kaago-ago ritual or rituals performed for disease prevention was done at the turn of the seasons because at that time, human  feel uncomfortable, distressed, frantic, and so forth. The ritual wes held to deal with the situation, so it can cope with  unstable condition created by seasons changes. The research was conducted in the village of Muna Lohia village, Lohia District Southeast Sulawesi. Specifically, this study will be focused on the function of kaago-ago rituals in the lives of today’s Muna. To reveal it, a qualitative approach was used, whereas the techniques of data collection were participant observation and in-depth interviews. Meanwhile, data analysis was done by using ethnographic analysis. Kaago-ago ritual has a religious function and social function. The religious functions include wellbeing, peace of mind, and good relationship among human beings and between human beings and non-human beings. The social functions include the creation of social solidarity, social control, education and integration.

scholarly journals Stigma and segregation: containing the Roma of Údol, Czech Republic

Race & Class ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Černušáková
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Black People ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy Measures

This article analyses the lived experience of a Czech Roma community in Údol, Ostrava. Based on the author’s participant-observation research, it demonstrates how certain neighbourhoods are increasingly targeted by policy measures which range from the denial of benefits to residents of certain areas to large-scale evictions or plans to demolish public housing. Such approaches are becoming a Europe-wide phenomenon. Although proponents of these measures argue the need to ‘protect law and order’, their policies target communities that are racialised as immigrant, Roma or Muslim. In some ways, the social exclusion of the Roma mirrors that of Black people in US ghettos, but there are also significant differences. The author demonstrates how the ‘post-socialist’ reality of Údol has been defined by the outsourcing of the state’s social functions, such as housing, to be carried out by charities and business. This has contributed, in what has now been turned into a racially defined space, to the ongoing reproduction of Údol’s containment of its Roma population, who, nonetheless, in their everyday life strategies have developed reliance on local and community networks that have replaced the state.

scholarly journals Experience of radiotherapy in head and neck

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhiancarlo Rocha MACEDO ◽  
Anna Claúdia Yokoyama dos ANJOS
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Multiprofessional Team ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
The Social

Abstract Objective: The aim of this manuscript was to understand and describe the experience of radiotherapy on the perspective of a woman with oral cancer. Methods: This is a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study, with theoretical reference of medical anthropology and instrumental case study methodology. Data collection was performed in the oncology sector of a public university hospital in the Southeast region of Brazil, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil and at the participant’s residence, during from March to August, 2016. The case selected was of a female patient, diagnosed with Spinocellular Carcinoma in oral cavity, submitted to radiotherapy. Five semi-structured interviews and participant observation were performed and audio-taped. Results: Three thematic units are presented: the radiotherapy trajectory, family support and refuge in God and the importance of the multiprofessional team. The adverse reactions such as odynophagia, dysgeugia and weight loss were the ones that stood out the most, being causes of the social isolation of the participant, nonetheless the patient showed optimism and hope, despite the social isolation. Conclusion: The qualitative methodology allowed the whole trajectory of radiotherapy follow-up which made it possible to understand the treatment experience from the perspective of the participant. Despite the adverse reactions, no negative experience with radiotherapy was found. New studies using the qualitative methodology are suggested with groups presenting similar characteristics of the participant, thus providing a better understanding of the topic addressed, as well as the identification and adoption of strategies that aim at improving care and the quality of life of this population, as well.

scholarly journals Sobre la observación participante en la Escuela de Chicago: un análisis de las monografías fundacionales

2017 ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Javier Santos ◽  
Juan Ignacio Piovani ◽  
María Eugenia Rausky
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Chicago School ◽  
Technical Aspect ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
History Of

ResumenLa idea de una Escuela Sociológica de Chicago en el período de entreguerras ha resultado persistente –en el marco de una interpretación que podríamos considerar clásica– bajo el supuesto lugar privilegiado que ésta tuvo en el desarrollo de los métodos cualitativos de investigación social (en general) y de la observación participante (en particular). Sin embargo, algunos de los autores que han avanzado en la reconstrucción de la historia de los métodos de investigación sociológica han cuestionado que se trate de métodos cualitativos en el sentido actual, presentando así una interpretación revisionista de la Escuela y de sus aportes metodológicos.Teniendo en cuenta esta tensión entre interpretaciones clásicas y revisionistas, en este artículo nos proponemos caracterizar las prácticas de investigación de campo (fieldwork) desplegadas en las monografías chicaguenses (tesis doctorales) que luego serían tomadas como hitos fundacionales de la observación participante sociológica por parte de los mentores de la interpretación clásica.Estas prácticas observacionales aplicadas en la investigación empírica de Chicago son interpretadas a partir de dos dimensiones: por una parte desde el punto de vista instrumental/operativo (técnico), recurriendo a la tipología desarrollada por Gold (1958) en su célebre artículo sobre los roles de observación y participación. Por otra parte, desde el punto de vista teórico-epistemológico, teniendo en cuenta su relación con supuestos objetivistas/cientificistas o interpretativos/cualitativos.Esta doble dimensión del análisis (epistemológico/técnico) permite mediar entre las versiones clásicas y revisionistas de la Escuela de Chicago, destacando la aplicación pionera en este contexto de técnicas análogas (al menos superficialmente) a la moderna observación participante (aspecto técnico), pero fundamentadas en general a partir de postulados objetivistas y cientificistas, y no en el marco de las concepciones interpretativas que en la actualidad dan sustento a la investigación cualitativa (aspecto epistemológico).Palabras clave: Escuela de Chicago, Metodología cualitativa, Obervación ParticipanteAbstractThe idea of a Sociological School of Chicago during the interwar period has been persistent –from a perspective that could be considered classical–, under the assumption that it had a special place in the development of qualitative methods of social research (in general) and of participant observation (in particular). However, some authors that focused on the history of sociological research methods have contested the idea that it developed qualitative methods in the modern sense, presenting a revisionist interpretation of the School and its methodological contributions.Given this tension between traditional and revisionist interpretations, this paper examines the practices of field research (fieldwork) portrayed in the Chicagoans’ monographs (doctoral thesis) that were later taken as foundational landmarks of sociological participant observation by the mentors of the above-mentioned classical interpretation.These observational practices applied in empirical investigations conducted by Chicagoans are analyzed from two dimensions: on one hand from the instrumental/operational (technical) standpoint, using the typology developed by Gold (1958) in his famous article on the roles of observation and participation. On the other hand, from the theoreticalepistemological perspective, taking into account their relationship with objectivist/scientistic or either interpretive/qualitative assumptions.This double dimension of analysis (epistemological/technical) allows to mediate between the classical and revisionist versions of the Chicago School, highlighting its pioneering application of research techniques at least superficially similar to modern participant observation (technical aspect), but based on objectivist and scientistic principles, and not on the kind of interpretative concepts that currently support qualitative methodology (epistemological aspect).Key words: Chicago School, Qualitative Methodology, Participant Observation 

Festivals, Conformity and Socialisation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Zoltán Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Festivals ◽  
Countries In Transition ◽  
Monitoring Practice

In the 1970s and 1980s festivals in Eastern Europe were rare but important meeting places for young people and the youth culture movement. However, following the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989, cultural festivals in ‘countries in transition’ began to play a more visible role in social and economic affairs. Although the largest summer festivals (e.g. Exit in Serbia, Sziget in Hungary) are for-profit festivals driven by economic/commercial factors and attract several hundred thousand people, the majority of festivals are not-for-profit events which fulfil important societal functions. The main aim of this chapter is to present a social science perspective on festivals. The research methodology employed in this research was developed during international meetings of the European Festival Research Project and the monitoring practice (registration and audit – a joint project of five festival unions) of festivals in Hungary 1 . The principal sources were i) a literature review and ii) field research based on a survey of festival organisers 2 and interviews. The interviews were completed with 16 directors of cultural festivals in Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Slovenia during 2010-2012. This chapter reports on two aspects of the research project. One part examined the socialisation processes that audiences can experience at cultural festivals, where the features selected for examination were: cultural conformism, community and social networks and learning. The other part focused on the social functions of cultural festivals and their economic efficiency.

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