scholarly journals ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ И ВКЛАД В МОЛДАВСКУЮ ЭТНОЛОГИЮ И ГАГАУЗОВЕДЕНИЕ М.Н. ГУБОГЛО

2020 ◽  
pp. 301-314
Author(s):  
Елизавета Николаевна Квилинкова
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Famous Scientist ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post War

Статья посвящена Михаилу Николаевичу Губогло – известному ученому, профессору, который является одним из основателей российской этносоциологии и гагаузской этнологии. В статье анализируется практическая значимость использованных им новых этносоциологических методов и подходов в контексте гагаузской проблематики. Отмечается, что он исследовал не только вопросы этногенеза гагаузов, но и культуру повседневности этого народа. Рассматривается использованный им в работах подход, с помощью которого он в системе этнологического знания исследовал идентичности гагаузов, социальные функции их повседневности в послевоенный период и др. Констатируется, что примененный им биографический и автобиографический метод позволил проследить судьбу различных элементов соционормативной культуры гагаузов. Раскрываются основные области вклада М.Н. Губогло в молдавскую этнологию и гагаузоведение. По его идее и под его руководством был успешно реализован ряд крупных масштабных проектов: проведены российско-молдавские симпозиумы, опубликованы коллективные монографии в престижной серии «Народы и культуры», изданы сборники и др. Благодаря приложенным им усилиям был дан мощный импульс молдавской этнологии, активизировались междисциплинарные исследования. Подчеркивается, что он внес неоценимый вклад в развитие молдавского гагаузоведения. Делается вывод о том, что в первом десятилетии XXI века состоялся переход гагаузоведения от описательной этнографии к аналитической этнологии. The article is dedicated to Mikhail Nikolaevich Guboglo – a famous scientist, professor, who is one of the founders of Russian ethno-sociology and Gagauz ethnology. The article analyzes the practical values of his new ethno-sociological methods and approaches in the context of Gagauz studies. It is noted that he studied not only the ethnogenesis of the Gagauz people, but also their everyday culture and lifestyles. The article examines the approach he developed to investigate the identities of the Gagauzes, the social functions of their everyday life in the post-war and other periods in the system of ethnological knowledge. The author argues that the biographical and autobiographical method he used allowed him to trace the fate of various elements of the socio-normative culture of the Gagauz people. The main areas of M.N. Guboglo’s contribution to Moldavian ethnology and Gagauz studies are revealed. According to his idea and under his leadership, a number of large-scale projects were successfully implemented: Russian-Moldavian symposia were held, collective monographs were published in the prestigious series “Peoples and Cultures”, collections were printed etc. Thanks to his efforts, a powerful impetus was given to Moldovan ethnology, and interdisciplinary research intensified. It is emphasized that he made an invaluable contribution to the development of Moldavian Gagauz studies. It is concluded that in the first decade of the 21st century, Gagauz studies transformed from descriptive ethnography to analytical ethnology.

Comment: Developing and Maintaining High-Quality Relationships via Emotion

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-278
Author(s):  
Sara B. Algoe
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Social Emotions ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Feed Forward ◽  
Social Milieu ◽  
The Social ◽  
One Step ◽  
Understanding Emotions

This comment addresses opportunities for understanding the social functions of emotion by taking a developmental perspective. I agree that understanding emotions and their development will meaningfully illuminate understanding of prosociality in everyday life. Taking Vaish and Hepach’s (2020) approach one step further, I suggest that rather than using the framing of questions about prosociality from the adult literature to guide questions about the development of social emotions in children, in the future, developmental researchers consider the social milieu in which emotions evolved and in which children’s emotions may develop, to guide their questions. This may feed forward to a richer understanding of cooperation and reciprocity in the literature regarding adult strangers.

scholarly journals “FOOD EXPEDITIONS” AND “AVOSKA”: CONSUMER PASSIONS OF “HOMO SOVIETICUS” IN THE MODERN PROSE

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-59
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Danylenko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Happy Life ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
True Values ◽  
Homo Sovieticus

Contemporary Ukrainian prose has been actively appealing to the memory of the Soviet past recently. Especially interesting is the literary reconstruction of everyday life that creates a background for demonstrating a specific type of ‘homo sovieticus’. A discussion on this large-scale and promising process has already started within literary studies. The paper deals with O. Ilchenko’s “Fog Pickers” and S. Baturyn’s “Shyzgara”, which represent the everyday life of Kyiv in the Soviet era. The focus is on the literary treatment of consumerism as a feature of a unified model representing the Soviet man. The researcher explains the ideas of debunking the myths about happy life in the USSR, analyzes the ways of creating the panoramic view of everyday life, traces the consistency of the authors’ interpretations that shows how accurately the experiences are depicted. The gastronomic routes of Kyiv residents, the methods of obtaining the foodstuffs, the social relationships established during purchases presented in the literary works are worth special attention. The writers are definitely critical regarding everyday living conditions in the recent past. They put characteristic features of the Soviet everyday life at the center of events, namely the lines in the stores of all kinds and their primitive range of products. Some Soviet euphemisms related to the food theme have been explained in the paper as well. The researcher comes to the conclusion that reconstruction of the everyday life of a Soviet man in the works by O. Ilchenko and S. Baturyn reveals the despicable nature and danger of the totalitarian system, shows the groundlessness of the nostalgic gasps for the Soviet Union. The literary representation of life in the USSR prompts one to reflect on the true values and uphold human dignity in a free state.

Addressing erasure, microfication and social change: age-friendly initiatives and environmental gerontology in the 21st century

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A. Kelley ◽  
Dale Dannefer ◽  
Luma Issa Al Masarweh
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Transnational Migration ◽  
Institutional Practices ◽  
Daily Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
Environmental Gerontology

Chapter 4 argues for a greater awareness and understanding of how macro-level developments, such as gentrification and transnational migration, influence the creation of AFCCs. It identifies two key challenges which limit the success and effectiveness of both age-friendly initiatives and the scholarly field of environmental gerontology: first, microfication, or the tendency to focus on immediate aspects of everyday life while overlooking broader, overarching aspects of the social context that define and set key parameters of daily experience; and second, erasure, referring to the issue that certain groups of people remain ‘unseen’ in policy, research, or institutional practices. Remedying the limiting effects of these tendencies will be essential to increase the value and effectiveness of both of these enterprises, the authors conclude.

scholarly journals Stigma and segregation: containing the Roma of Údol, Czech Republic

Race & Class ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Černušáková
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Black People ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy Measures

This article analyses the lived experience of a Czech Roma community in Údol, Ostrava. Based on the author’s participant-observation research, it demonstrates how certain neighbourhoods are increasingly targeted by policy measures which range from the denial of benefits to residents of certain areas to large-scale evictions or plans to demolish public housing. Such approaches are becoming a Europe-wide phenomenon. Although proponents of these measures argue the need to ‘protect law and order’, their policies target communities that are racialised as immigrant, Roma or Muslim. In some ways, the social exclusion of the Roma mirrors that of Black people in US ghettos, but there are also significant differences. The author demonstrates how the ‘post-socialist’ reality of Údol has been defined by the outsourcing of the state’s social functions, such as housing, to be carried out by charities and business. This has contributed, in what has now been turned into a racially defined space, to the ongoing reproduction of Údol’s containment of its Roma population, who, nonetheless, in their everyday life strategies have developed reliance on local and community networks that have replaced the state.

scholarly journals DIARY OF A (NON)ORDINARY WOMAN: DIALOGUES WITH TIME AND SEARCH FOR YOURSELF

2021 ◽  
pp. 168-180
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Image Construction ◽  
Self Image ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Post War ◽  
Home Space ◽  
The Individual

The article attempts at detecting different meanings of the personal diary of Tatiana Rozhkova, a resident of post-war Tyumen, and various manifestations of the social and the individual reflected in it. It considers the ways of the author’s self-image construction and correlation of its facets in the space of the diary text. It is shown how the diarist’s addiction to propagandistic rhetoric of “culturalness”, transferred to the sphere of everyday life, was combined with her own understanding of culture. Rozhkova’s speculations on the mission of the Soviet intelligentsia and her attitude towards the representatives of the “uncultured” strata of the population testified that her social ideas were hierarchical. It is noted that the facade and “behind the facade” components of Soviet reality did not come into conflict in the text of the diary, which points to the diarist’s apolitical character. It is shown that the theme of labor / work, which was understood in two ways: as a collective feat and as individual creativity, became a borderline theme for the diary, where the socially conditioned and the individually significant overlapped and came into contact with each other. The creation of an autonomous private home space isolated from the outside world was especially significant for the diarist. The achievement of this goal was facilitated by the arrangement of Rozhkova’s apartment in accordance with the values of the nascent Soviet middle class with its passion for homeliness and comfort. It is concluded that the epoch in Tatiana Rozhkova’s diary manifested itself primarily in those rhetorical models and figurative patterns that were relevant at the time and served as models for the diarist.

scholarly journals THE ART AUDIENCE AS A CULTURAL PHENOMENON

Adam alemi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
А. Makulbekov ◽  
◽  
T. Dronzina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Communication Media ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
The Social

Despite some theories based on the concept of “arts for art” and denying the connection with the public, in trend art cannot exist in Russia without the public. Only through the public art transmit an artistic message and realize its social functions. Re- lations with the public especially determine the development of art, the conditions for the existence of its institutions. Therefore, they always remain among the main subjects in the studies of the social functioning of art, bringing to the foreground one or another aspects of interaction. Modern civilizational trends are globalization, urbanization and the information technology rev- olution - which contributed to the rapid development of mass communication media, opened up unprecedented opportuni- ties for introducing wider masses to culture and art, turned art into an element of everyday life of a mass person.

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND A NEW MODEL FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES KATZENSTEIN ◽  
BARBARA R. CHRISPIN
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Social Entrepreneur ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
African Context

In the last decade or so, there has been a growing interest in an area researchers are calling social entrepreneurship, a movement spearheaded by individuals with a desire to make the world a better place. This paper describes the structure and process of international development in Africa from the perspective of a social entrepreneur. The authors address the opportunities and challenges faced by social entrepreneurs as they attempt to affect large-scale social change. The result of this study is a unique development model that provides tools for the social entrepreneur to address problems and build capacity and sustainability within the African context.

scholarly journals ANTHROPOLOGY OF MEMORY OF RURAL WOMEN OF ZHYTOMYR REGION ABOUT POST-WAR EVERYDAY LIFE

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-208
Author(s):  
Galyna Starodubets
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Collective Farm ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
Peasant Women ◽  
First Time

The purpose of the study. The peculiarities of everyday life in the Ukrainian village during the late Stalinism in the framework of women’s survival experience during the first postwar decade are highlighted in the article. The research is based on the memories of peasant women of Zhytomyr region, whose childhood took place in the 1940s. Methodological basis of the study is historical-anthropological approach, with one of its manifestations being the history of everyday life. Scientific novelty. The research of rural everyday life of peasants in Zhytomyr region from the standpoint of gender approach is accomplished for the first time. The survival strategies of rural women in the postwar period are emphasized. The following components of rural everyday life are analysed: work in a collective farm, ways to meet the material and household needs of the family, the behaviour of peasants in the famine circumstances in 1946-1947. Conclusions. Women’s survival strategies in the post-war everyday life were distinguished by extreme nature and ability to adapt to circumstances. During that period, the epicenter of rural life was not a private family but a collective farm as an important economic and social institution. The famine, hard work of the collective farm and the poverty of post-war everyday life still remain a painful stigma in the social memory of rural women.

Nazistowski mord na Żydach w prasie polskich komunistów (1942–1944).

2006 ◽  
pp. 54-75
Author(s):  
Klaus Peter Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
The Political ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War ◽  
Polish Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Right

Facing the decisive struggle between Nazism and Soviet communism for dominance in Europe, in 1942/43 Polish communists sojourning in the USSR espoused anti-German concepts of the political right. Their aim was an ethnic Polish ‘national communism’. Meanwhile, the Polish Workers’ Party in the occupied country advocated a maximum intensification of civilian resistance and partisan struggle. In this context, commentaries on the Nazi judeocide were an important element in their endeavors to influence the prevailing mood in the country: The underground communist press often pointed to the fate of the murdered Jews as a warning in order to make it clear to the Polish population where a deficient lack of resistance could lead. However, an agreed, unconditional Polish and Jewish armed resistance did not come about. At the same time, the communist press constantly expanded its demagogic confrontation with Polish “reactionaries” and accused them of shared responsibility for the Nazi murder of the Jews, while the Polish government (in London) was attacked for its failure. This antagonism was intensified in the fierce dispute between the Polish and Soviet governments after the rift which followed revelations about the Katyn massacre. Now the communist propaganda image of the enemy came to the fore in respect to the government and its representatives in occupied Poland. It viewed the government-in-exile as being allied with the “reactionaries,” indifferent to the murder of the Jews, and thus acting ultimately on behalf of Nazi German policy. The communists denounced the real and supposed antisemitism of their adversaries more and more bluntly. In view of their political isolation, they coupled them together, in an undifferentiated manner, extending from the right-wing radical ONR to the social democrats and the other parties represented in the underground parliament loyal to the London based Polish government. Thereby communist propaganda tried to discredit their opponents and to justify the need for a new start in a post-war Poland whose fate should be shaped by the revolutionary left. They were thus paving the way for the ultimate communist takeover

Speaker-Oriented Attitude Datives in Social Context

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef A. Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Shared Values ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Rapport Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Levantine Arabic ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Social Acts

This chapter examines the social functions of speaker-oriented attitude datives in Levantine Arabic. It analyzes these datives as perspectivizers used by a speaker to instruct her hearer to view her as a form of authority in relation to him, to the content of her utterance, and to the activity they are both involved in. The nature of this authority depends on the sociocultural, situational, and co-textual context, including the speaker’s and hearer’s shared values and beliefs, their respective identities, and the social acts employed in interaction. The chapter analyzes specific instances of speaker-oriented attitude datives as used in different types of social acts (e.g., commands, complaints) and in different types of settings (e.g., family talk, gossip). It also examines how these datives interact with facework, politeness, and rapport management.

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