Involvement in Crime and Delinquency and the Development of Technological and Computer Skills: A Longitudinal Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2110491
Author(s):  
Dzhansarayeva Rima ◽  
Saltanat Atakhanova ◽  
Gulzhan Mukhamadieva ◽  
Yergali Adlet ◽  
Kevin M. Beaver
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Crime And Delinquency ◽  
Violent Delinquency ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Delinquent Peers ◽  
Do So

A body of research has revealed that involvement in crime and delinquency is associated with a wide number of social, economic, and health consequences. The current study built off this knowledge base and examined whether measures of adolescent violent delinquency and contact with the criminal justice system were related to the access of basic, and experience with, technology, and computers. To do so, longitudinal data drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) were analyzed. The results revealed that self-reported violent delinquency in adolescence was associated with a decreased probability of owning a computer and having an email account 10 to 12 years into the future. Additionally, measures of contact with the criminal justice system, low self-control, delinquent peers, and governmental public assistance were also associated with the probability of owning a computer and having an email account.

Examining the nexus between involvement in crime and delinquency and being processed through the criminal justice system

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yerlan Turgumbayev ◽  
Yergali Adlet ◽  
Akerke Sabitova ◽  
Assel Izbassova ◽  
Kevin M. Beaver
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Crime And Delinquency

Reducing the Harm of Criminal Victimization: The Role of Restitution

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy Hoskins Haynes ◽  
Alison C. Cares ◽  
R. Barry Ruback
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Court Order ◽  
Interpersonal Justice ◽  
Criminal Victimization ◽  
Do So

Restitution is a court-ordered payment by offenders to their victims to cover the victims’ economic losses resulting from the crime. These losses can be substantial and can harm victims and victims’ families both directly and indirectly. But most victims do not receive reparation for their injuries, both because judges do not always impose restitution and because of problems with collecting restitution payments, even if there is a court order to do so. In this article, we review the literature on restitution and suggest that this compensatory mechanism is necessary to restore victims to where they were before the crime occurred. But monetary restitution alone is not sufficient. Making victims whole requires not only financial compensation from the offender but also procedural, informational, and interpersonal justice from the criminal justice system.

An Extension of Power: Criminal Justice, Law Enforcement, and Elite Rule in the South Carolina Lowcountry on the Eve of the American Revolution

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-281
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Important Extension ◽  
Do So

AbstractSouth Carolina's highly centralized and effective criminal justice system was an important extension of elite political power throughout the colony. It served two major functions: first, it served to protect property, the ultimate source of political power for the planter and merchant classes who ruled South Carolina as it supplied wealth, social status and the opportunity to hold high office. Second, by protecting property (even though the system often focused on elite property) and upholding order, the lowcountry elite united their interests with the interests of the general population who would also benefit from protection against property crime and disorder. Since the lowcountry elite also had to control a vast number of slaves and had to rely on all of the colony's white population to do so, providing effective government could serve as an important way to cultivate popular support. This paper examines the workings of South Carolina's criminal justice system and that system's priorities. By studying patterns in prosecution and punishment, one can see that the courts successfully attended to elite priorities.

scholarly journals Notes on Gender, Race and Punishment From a Decolonial Perspective to a Southern Criminology Agenda

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Camilla Magalhães Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Common Lines ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Do So

The purpose of this article is to investigate how decolonial studies can contribute to an agenda of southern criminology and in particular, but not exclusively, to our research on gender and gender violence. To do so, the path chosen was to first present the common lines between these ways of theorising. Then, the entanglements of race and capitalism and of race and gender in the decolonial perspective are presented. With this done, it is possible to think about how decoloniality and punishment are related and to, from then on, think of a decolonial agenda for criminology that involves taking the colonial hypothesis seriously and always thinking and seeking to listen, read and research the ways of resistance from those dehumanised by the criminal justice system.

scholarly journals Criminal Justice Contacts and Psychophysiological Functioning in Early Adulthood: Health Inequality in the Carceral State

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-306
Author(s):  
Courtney E. Boen
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Weighting Procedures ◽  
New Evidence

Despite increased attention to the links between the criminal justice system and health, how criminal justice contacts shape health and contribute to racial health disparities remains to be better understood. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 5,488) and several analytic techniques—including a quasi-treatment–control design, treatment-weighting procedures, and mediation analyses—this study examines how criminal justice contacts shape inflammatory and depressive risk and contribute to black–white health gaps. Findings revealed that incarceration is associated with increased C-reactive protein and depressive risk, particularly for individuals who experienced long durations of incarceration. Arrests are also associated with mental health, and mediation analyses showed that racial disparities in arrests and incarceration were drivers of black–white gaps in depressive symptoms. Together, this study provides new evidence of the role of the criminal justice system in shaping health and patterning black–white health gaps from adolescence through early adulthood.

Does Self-control Predict Crime, Delinquency, and Victimization in Immigrants? A Longitudinal Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052097621
Author(s):  
Makpal Kundakova ◽  
Dzhansarayeva Rima ◽  
Gulzagira Atakhanova ◽  
Nuraisha Temirbolat ◽  
Kevin M. Beaver
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Models ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Add Health ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Do So

Gottfredson and Hirschi’s theory of low self-control has generated a considerable amount of research and the results of these studies have shown that low levels of self-control are consistently associated with involvement in antisocial outcomes. Despite the empirical support for this theory, there still remain areas of it that need to be more fully evaluated. Once such area is whether self-control is associated with antisocial outcomes in samples of immigrants. The current study sought to address this gap in the literature. To do so, data drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) were analyzed. The results of the statistical models revealed that low levels of self-control were associated with increases in self-reported delinquency, being arrested, being convicted of a crime, being sentenced to probation, being incarcerated, and being victimized. Taken together, the results of this study show that self-control is a robust predictor of antisocial outcomes among immigrants. We conclude by identifying limitations of the current study and directions for future research.

scholarly journals ‘They all here call me índio’: Indigenous identification and the criminal justice system in Northern Minas Gerais

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Arthuso Arantes Faria
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Prison Management ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
State Agents ◽  
The Right ◽  
Do So

Abstract The article analyses the interaction between the criminal justice system and persons of the Xakriabá Indigenous people facing criminal prosecution in the Manga district in Northern Minas Gerais. To do so, I draw on the material gathered in the fieldwork I carried out in the region in early 2020, as well as on current legislation, selected jurisprudence from the Supreme Court, and documents produced by the bodies responsible for the criminal and prison policies in Brazil. I argue in the paper that the category of 'Indigenous person' mobilized by state agents differs from that conceived by the Xakriabá themselves, and that this dissonance often implies the lack of ethnic recognition of these persons throughout the criminal process and the failure to record their presence in official prison management documents. As a consequence, what is seen is the violation of the right to self-identification and the non-enforcement of legal guarantees granted to all Indigenous persons by the Brazilian legal system.

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