scholarly journals Temporal–spatial parameters of gait in transfemoral amputees: Comparison of bionic and mechanically passive knee joints

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Uchytil ◽  
Daniel Jandacka ◽  
David Zahradnik ◽  
Roman Farana ◽  
Miroslav Janura
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optoelectronic Device ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gait Symmetry ◽  
Swing Time ◽  
Spatial Parameters ◽  
Stance Time ◽  
Transfemoral Amputees

Background:A symmetrical gait affords the most efficient walking pattern. Bionic prostheses should provide better gait symmetry than mechanically passive prostheses with respect to a nonpathological gait.Objectives:To compare the basic temporal–spatial parameters of gait in transfemoral amputees fitted with bionic or mechanically passive prosthetic knees with those of subjects with a nonpathological gait.Study design:Three-dimensional gait analysis using an optoelectronic device.Methods:Eight transfemoral amputees participated in the study. Subjects walked across two dynamometric platforms a total of 15 times. Movement kinematics were measured using optoelectronic stereophotogrammetry.Results:The swing time of the affected limb in patients fitted with a mechanically passive knee joint was longer than that of the nonaffected limb by 0.055 s (effect size = 1.57). Compared with the control group, the swing time of the prosthetic limb in patients fitted with a mechanically passive knee was longer by 0.042 s (effect size = 2.1). Similarly, the stance time of the nonaffected limb was longer by 0.047 s (effect size = 1.07).Conclusions:Compared with a mechanically passive knee joint, a bionic knee joint evinced gait symmetry. Both the stance time and the swing time for amputees with a bionic knee were similar to those of nonamputees.Clinical relevanceProsthetists aim to design prostheses that achieve a good symmetry between the healthy and affected limbs. The use of bionic technology achieves a level of symmetry approaching that observed in nonamputees.

DIFFERENCES IN KNEE JOINT KINEMATICS AND KINETICS DURING LEVEL WALKING AND WALKING WITH TWO TYPES OF POLES — FOCUS ON KNEE VARUS MOMENT

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 1350018
Author(s):  
Susumu Ota ◽  
Ai Nakanishi ◽  
Hirotaka Sato ◽  
Seiji Akita ◽  
Kazunori Hase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Joint Kinematics ◽  
Level Walking ◽  
Front Condition ◽  
Knee Joint Kinematics ◽  
Gait Modification ◽  
Kinematics And Kinetics

Walking with poles is one of the gait modification strategies for reducing external knee varus moments in people with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, there are two types of pole techniques, Nordic walking (NW: pole back condition) and pole walking (PW: pole front condition). The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in knee joint kinematics, and kinetics during level walking, and two types of walking with poles. A total of 22 subjects with a mean age of 21.2 years (SD: 1.3 years) participated. Three-dimensional gait analysis was conducted on level walking (LW), NW and PW. The first and second peaks of the knee kinematic and kinetic data and ground reaction forces were used. No significant differences were found between NW and PW in the knee kinematics and kinetics data. The second peak of the knee varus moment in NW and PW (0.34 and 0.33 Nm/kg, respectively) was significantly decreased compared to LW (0.42 Nm/kg, p < 0.01; Effect size = 0.70, p < 0.01; Effect size = 0.82). The first peak of the flexion moment in the knee during NW (1.2 Nm/kg) was significantly higher compared to LW (1.2 Nm/kg, p < 0.01; Effect size = 0.98). However, the present study could not clarify any different effect on the knee joint due to different instructions of the back pole and forward pole technique.

scholarly journals Two-dimensional analysis of gait asymmetry in spastic hemiplegia

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marise Bueno Zonta ◽  
Amancio Ramalho Júnior ◽  
Regina Maria Ribeiro Camargo ◽  
Fabiano Hessel Dias ◽  
Lúcia Helena Coutinho dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Swing Time ◽  
Gait Asymmetry ◽  
Spastic Hemiplegia ◽  
Stance Time

ABSTRACT Objective: Simple measures of gait for routine clinical use could be useful when the complex gait analysis systems are not available. The aim of this study was to quantify asymmetry in children with spastic hemiplegia using a two-dimensional gait analysis by videography and to relate the asymmetry to motor function. Methods: Twenty-four children with spastic hemiplegia (19 males, 5 females; mean age 49 months [SD 5 months], range from 39 to 60 months) were assessed with a two-dimensional gait analysis by videography and the analyzed parameters were compared with normal values and with clinical and functional data. Results: There were significant differences in swing time (p = 0.002), stance time (p = 0.01) and stance/swing time ratio (p < 0.001). The comparison with the normal values described by Sutherland also demonstrated gait asymmetry. There was no direct relationship between the motor function and asymmetry but a score analysis for specific Gross Motor Function Measure items could quantify it in terms of age of gait acquisition. Children with more adequate muscle tone presented longer stance time in the involved limb than those with more spasticity (p = 0.03). Conclusions: These results suggest that the best performance is associated with the smallest asymmetry in this sample. Although two-dimensional gait analysis does not provide as much data as three dimensional gait analyses, we believe it can contribute significantly to the gait assessment of children with cerebral palsy.

scholarly journals Gait Symmetry in Children with Autism

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria L. Chester ◽  
Matthew Calhoun
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Gait Symmetry ◽  
Spatial Measures ◽  
Spatial Parameters ◽  
And Control ◽  
Walking Group

Most studies examining gait asymmetry have focused on infants and toddlers and have tended to use subjective methods of evaluating movement. No previous studies have examined gait symmetry in older children with autism using objective motion capture systems. The purpose of this paper was to quantify gait symmetry in children with autism versus age-matched controls. Fourteen children with autism (N=14) and twenty-two (N=22) age, height, and weight-matched controls participated in the study. An eight camera Vicon motion capture system and four Kistler force plates were used to compute temporal-spatial parameters and symmetry indices during walking. Group differences in these measures were tested using MANOVAs. No significant differences between the autism and control group were found for any of the temporal-spatial measures or symmetry indices. Therefore, results suggest that children with autism demonstrate typical symmetry or interlimb movement during gait. Further research is needed to examine the use of different gait inputs to the symmetry indices (e.g., joint angles and moments). A greater awareness of the movement patterns associated with autism may increase our understanding of this disorder and have important implications for treatment planning.

scholarly journals Evaluation of gait symmetry in poliomyelitis subjects: Comparison of a conventional knee–ankle–foot orthosis and a new powered knee–ankle–foot orthosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 689-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokhtar Arazpour ◽  
Fardin Ahmadi ◽  
Mahmood Bahramizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Samadian ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Mousavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Swing Phase ◽  
Step Width ◽  
Gait Symmetry ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Swing Time ◽  
Locked Knee ◽  
Stance Time ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Background:Compared to able-bodied subjects, subjects with post-polio syndrome and poliomyelitis demonstrate a preference for weight-bearing on the non-paretic limb, causing gait asymmetry.Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the gait symmetry of the poliomyelitis subjects when ambulating with either a drop-locked knee–ankle–foot orthosis or a newly developed powered knee–ankle–foot orthosis.Study design:Quasi experimental study.Methods:Seven subjects with poliomyelitis who routinely wore conventional knee–ankle–foot orthoses participated in this study and received training to enable them to ambulate with the powered knee–ankle–foot orthosis on level ground, prior to gait analysis.Results:There were no significant differences in the gait symmetry index of step length ( p = 0.085), stance time ( p = 0.082), double-limb support time ( p = 0.929), or speed of walking ( p = 0.325) between the two test conditions. However, using the new powered knee–ankle–foot orthosis improved the symmetry index in step width ( p = 0.037), swing time ( p = 0.014), stance phase percentage ( p = 0.008), and knee flexion during swing phase ( p ⩽ 0.001) compared to wearing the drop-locked knee–ankle–foot orthosis.Conclusion:The use of a powered knee–ankle–foot orthosis for ambulation by poliomyelitis subjects affects gait symmetry in the base of support, swing time, stance phase percentage, and knee flexion during swing phase.Clinical relevanceA new powered knee–ankle–foot orthosis can improve gait symmetry for poliomyelitis subjects by influencing step width, swing time, stance time percentage, and knee flexion during swing phase when compared to ambulating with a drop-locked knee–ankle–foot orthosis.

scholarly journals Modified Gait Parameters at the Knee Joint During Midstance in Patients with Osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Stătescu ◽  
Doru Stoica ◽  
Andrei Deaconu ◽  
Bogdan Ion Gavrilă ◽  
Magdalena Rodica Trăistaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right

Background and Objectives: Sports medicine, orthopaedic and rehabilitation physicians use gait analysis and goniometry to evaluate and diagnose patients with neuro-musculo-skeletal diseases. Goniometry is a measuring method that shows the joint&rsquo;s range of motion. Three-dimensional goniometry has been used in order to assess the patients in a kinematic manner, but they are not affordable, so, phone apps come handy to any orthopaedic or rehabilitation physician so we can have a clear image of the progress made by the patient after the rehabilitation program or should something happen and the patient cannot come to the facility, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, when some orthopaedic and most of the rehabilitation facilities have been temporarily closed. Midstance has been chosen as the moment of the gait evaluation in this paper since it has an important role in stability. The objective of this paper is to figure out if the measurements taken during midstance at the knee joint of the subjects can be statistically significant and used during usual examinations. Materials and Methods: Four groups of subjects: patients suffering from hip, knee, hip and knee osteoarthritis and a control group volunteered their participation, being asked to normally walk while their gait was recorded and uploaded into Angles App &ndash; a phone based videogoniometer. Results: Patients suffering from hip osteoarthritis have a higher knee angle on the right side than the ones suffering from knee osteoarthritis, hip and knee osteoarthritis and the control group. Female patients suffering from hip osteoarthritis also presented a more flexed knee than the ones suffering from knee osteoarthritis and the ones in the control group, the knee flexion presenting itself as a compensation mechanism. Conclusion: Video goniometry can help us make an orthopaedic, rehabilitation or neurology database for each assessment with constant updates of the evolution of the osteoarthritis patient&rsquo;s treatment.

Pengaruh Model Penemuan Terbimbing Berbantu LKPD terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa SMPN 6 Depok

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-37
Author(s):  
Nurul Laili
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing berbantu LKPD terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa SMPN 6 Depok pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2017-2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan metode penelitian jenis quasi experimental dengan the nonequivalent posttest only control group. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah metode cluster random sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa soal uraian sebanyak 9 butir, dari hasil perhitungan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji tingkat kesukaran dan uji daya pembeda. Uji prasayarat yang dilakukan yaitu uji normalitas dan homogenitas diperoleh hasil data yang berdistribusi normal dan homogen. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji-t kemudian diperoleh thitung = 2,6053 > 1,6690 = ttabel   mengakibatkan tolak  pada taraf signifikasi 5% dengan effect size sebesar 0,5807 yang tergolong sedang. Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing berbantu LKPD terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa SMPN 6 Depok.

Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of Gait Training Assisted by Multichannel Functional Electrical Stimulation in Early Stroke Rehabilitation: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Maijke van Bloemendaal ◽  
Sicco A. Bus ◽  
Frans Nollet ◽  
Alexander C. H. Geurts ◽  
Anita Beelen
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Gait Symmetry ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Walking Capacity ◽  
Experimental Group

Background. Many stroke survivors suffer from leg muscle paresis, resulting in asymmetrical gait patterns, negatively affecting balance control and energy cost. Interventions targeting asymmetry early after stroke may enhance recovery of walking. Objective. To determine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of up to 10 weeks of gait training assisted by multichannel functional electrical stimulation (MFES gait training) applied to the peroneal nerve and knee flexor or extensor muscle on the recovery of gait symmetry and walking capacity in patients starting in the subacute phase after stroke. Methods. Forty inpatient participants (≤31 days after stroke) were randomized to MFES gait training (experimental group) or conventional gait training (control group). Gait training was delivered in 30-minute sessions each workday. Feasibility was determined by adherence (≥75% sessions) and satisfaction with gait training (score ≥7 out of 10). Primary outcome for efficacy was step length symmetry. Secondary outcomes included other spatiotemporal gait parameters and walking capacity (Functional Gait Assessment and 10-Meter Walk Test). Linear mixed models estimated treatment effect postintervention and at 3-month follow-up. Results. Thirty-seven participants completed the study protocol (19 experimental group participants). Feasibility was confirmed by good adherence (90% of the participants) and participant satisfaction (median score 8). Both groups improved on all outcomes over time. No significant group differences in recovery were found for any outcome. Conclusions. MFES gait training is feasible early after stroke, but MFES efficacy for improving step length symmetry, other spatiotemporal gait parameters, or walking capacity could not be demonstrated. Trial Registration. Netherlands Trial Register (NTR4762).

scholarly journals 12-Week Exercise Training of Knee Joint and Squat Movement Improves Gait Ability in Older Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1515
Author(s):  
Myungsoo Choi ◽  
Nayoung Ahn ◽  
Jusik Park ◽  
Kijin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Motion ◽  
Combined Training ◽  
Digitally Controlled

This study analyzed the effects of an exercise training program consisting of a knee joint complex exercise device (leg-link system) with digitally controlled active motion function and squat movement on physical fitness and gait ability of elderly women aged 70 or above. Fifty four (54) elderly women aged 70 or above were divided into three groups as control group (n = 18), aerobic training group (n = 18), and combined training group with resistance and aerobic exercise (n = 18). Health-related physical fitness, gait ability-related physical fitness, and the temporal and spatial parameters of gait ability were compared. The health-related physical fitness after the 12-week training was not significantly altered in control group, whereas combined training group showed significant increase in all factors (p < 0.05) and aerobic training group showed significant increase (p < 0.05) only in the physical efficiency index. The gait ability-related physical fitness and all items of the temporal and spatial parameters of gait were found to have significantly increased (p < 0.05) in combined training group after the 12-week exercise training; however, in aerobic training group, only the factors related to muscular endurance and balance showed significant increase (p < 0.05). This study suggested that the exercise training consisting of knee joint complex exercise with digitally controlled active motion function and squat exercise for strengthening lower extremities and core muscles had positive effects on enhancing the ambulatory competence in elderly women.

scholarly journals P946 Right atrial volumetric and functional analysis by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography in acromegaly

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kormanyos ◽  
A Kalapos ◽  
P Domsik ◽  
N Gyenes ◽  
N Ambrus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Speckle Tracking Echocardiography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Radial Strain ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
Atrial Contraction

Abstract Introduction Acromegaly is a chronic, rare hormonal disease associated with major cardiovascular comorbidities. The disease, in the majority of the cases, is caused by a benign human growth hormone secreting adenoma. Cardiovascular involvement is especially common in acromegaly patients from the most common hypertension to cardiomyopathy. It was set out to quantify right atrial (RA) morphology and function in a group of acromegaly patients using three-dimensional (3D) speckle-tracking echocardiography (3DSTE). Methods The study comprised 30 patients from which 8 patients were excluded due to inadequate image quality. Mean age of the remaining acromegaly patients were 53.7 ± 14.5 years (7 males). Ten patients were in active phase, while 12 subjects had inactive acromegaly. In the control group 40 healthy adults were enrolled (mean age: 52.3 ± 8.2 years, 15 males). In each case, complete two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography was performed followed by 3DSTE. Results Maximum (54.5 ± 14.4 ml vs. 47.2 ± 11.6 ml, p &lt;0.05) and minimum (35.5 ± 10.2 ml vs. 29.2 ± 9.1 ml, p &lt;0.05) RA volumes and RA volume before atrial contraction (45.1 ± 11.1 ml vs. 38.2 ± 10.3 ml, p &lt;0.05) were significantly higher in case of acromegaly compared to the healthy controls. Both global and mean segmental peak 3D strain (-11.94 ± 7.52% vs. -8.07 ± 5.03%, p &lt;0.05 and -17.16 ± 6.13% vs. -13.78 ± 5.35%, p &lt;0.05) were higher in the acromegaly group compared to the controls. At atrial contraction, mean segmental radial strain (-13.22 ± 6.45% vs. -9.74 ± 4.58%, p &lt;0.05) was significantly higher and mean segmental 3D strain (-9.78 ± 5.44% vs. -13.78 ± 5.35%, p &lt;0.05) was significantly lower in the acromegaly group compared to the controls. Between the active and inactive group of acromegaly patients, mean segmental longitudinal strain (28.17 ± 4.89% vs. 35.34 ± 9.75%, p &lt;0.05) was significantly different. Numerous independent strain parameters had significant correlations with different hormonal variables in the active acromegaly group. These correlations were not present in the inactive acromegaly subgroup. Conclusion Acromegaly is associated with significant RA volumetric and functional abnormalities.

scholarly journals Engineered Fat Graft Enhanced with Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells for Regenerative Medicine: Clinical, Histological and Instrumental Evaluation in Breast Reconstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Gentile ◽  
Donato Casella ◽  
Enza Palma ◽  
Claudio Calabrese
Keyword(s):  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Fat Graft ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Calvarial Defects

The areas in which Stromal Vascular Fraction cells (SVFs) have been used include radiotherapy based tissue damage after mastectomy, breast augmentation, calvarial defects, Crohn’s fistulas, and damaged skeletal muscle. Currently, the authors present their experience using regenerative cell therapy in breast reconstruction. The goal of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the use of Engineered Fat Graft Enhanced with Adipose-derived Stromal Vascular Fraction cells (EF-e-A) in breast reconstruction. 121 patients that were affected by the outcomes of breast oncoplastic surgery were treated with EF-e-A, comparing the results with the control group (n = 50) treated with not enhanced fat graft (EF-ne-A). The preoperative evaluation included a complete clinical examination, a photographic assessment, biopsy, magnetic resonance (MRI) of the soft tissue, and ultrasound (US). Postoperative follow-up took place at two, seven, 15, 21, 36 weeks, and then annually. In 72.8% (n = 88) of breast reconstruction treated with EF-e-A, we observed a restoration of the breast contour and an increase of 12.8 mm in the three-dimensional volume after 12 weeks, which was only observed in 27.3% (n = 33) of patients in the control group that was treated with EF-ne-A. Transplanted fat tissue reabsorption was analyzed with instrumental MRI and US. Volumetric persistence in the study group was higher (70.8%) than that in the control group (41.4%) (p < 0.0001 vs. control group). The use of EF-e-A was safe and effective in this series of treated cases.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document