scholarly journals Effect of Halothane and Enflurane Anaesthesia on the Level of Reduced Glutathione in Human Red Blood Cells

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Agar ◽  
G. B. H. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Anaesthetic Agents ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Enflurane Anaesthesia ◽  
Before And After

No significant changes were found in packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration and red cell glutathione levels in patients before and after anaesthesia with halothane or enflurane. These results, though unable to explain the mechanism, support the earlier suggestion that glutathione plays little, if any, role in protecting liver against toxic effects of these anaesthetic agents or their metabolites.

scholarly journals BLOOD PROFILES OF GREEN SEA TURTLE BEFORE AND AFTER THE REHABILITATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 930-939
Author(s):  
Ida Bagus Windia Adnyana ◽  
Ida Bagus Nararya Primastana Adnyana ◽  
Siswanto Siswanto
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Turtle Conservation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration

Penyu adalah satwa yang terancam punah, sehingga upaya konservasinya perlu ditingkatkan. Kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan konservasi dimaksud adalah rehabilitasi penyu pascamengalami periode out of the water sebelum dilepasliarkan kembali ke alam bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan profil dan indeks eritrosit penyu hijau (Chelonia mydas) sebelum dan sesudah mengalami rehabilitasi di Turtle Conservation and Education Center (TCEC) di Pulau Serangan, Denpasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel Sembilan ekor penyu hijau hasil sitaan Polisi Sektor Kuta, Badung, Bali. Sebanyak 2,5 mL darah perifer penyu hijau diambil dari sinus cervicalis dorsalis disimpan di tabung berisikan antikoagulan litium heparin dan dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan hematologi. Penentuan nilai total eritrosit dihitung dengan hemositometer. Kadar hemoglobin (Hb) diukur menggunakan Hemoglobinometer Sahli, sedangkan kadar Packed Cell Volume (PCV) ditentukan dengan metode mikrohematokrit. Indeks eritrosit yang meliputi Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) dan Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) dihitung dengan rumus konvensional yang ditentukan untuk itu. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan uji T berpasangan. Nilai profil darah (Packed Cell Volume, total eritrosit, Hemoglobin) mengalami peningkatan signifikan pasca rehabilitasi dengan nilai rerata hematokrit sebelum rehabilitasi sebesar 28,4±3,09 menjadi 31,7±2,87, nilai total eritrosit sebelum rehabilitasi sebesar 0,44±0,10 menjadi 0,56±0,15, nilai Hemoglobin sebelum rehabilitasi sebesar 6,3±1,28 menjadi 7,53±0,73 serta hasil perhitungan secara statistika dengan uji T-berpasangan menunjukkan profil darah penyu hijau sebelum dan sesudah rehabilitasi memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan yang berarti proses rehabilitas yang dilakukan di Turtle Conservation and Education Center, Serangan berhasil.

scholarly journals Immune response kinetics in Nigerian indigenous chickens challenged with attenuated Salmonella

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
M. A. Opoola ◽  
A. S. Adenaike ◽  
O. A. Jegede ◽  
N. I Akutubuola ◽  
A. J. Fajemisin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
High Titre ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Indigenous Chickens

Salmonella infection is a major cause of death in chickens and this disease can be transferred through meat and egg to humans. The use of antibiotics and vaccines in the prevention and control of this infection are not totally efficient and also have their side effects. Therefore, genetic control is a better approach in finding a lasting solution. One hundred and ten chickens (4th generation) comprising the three genotypes of Nigerian indigenous chickens(NIC) that had shown divergent response (high vs low) to sheep red blood cells antigens were used in this study to investigate the immune response kinetics in NIC after challenged with attenuated Salmonella. There were six classes namely, high titre normal, low titre normal, high titre frizzle, low titre frizzle, high titre naked neck and low titre naked neck. Haematological parameters: packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb),red blood cells count (RBC), white blood cells count (WBC), heterophils (H), lymphocytes (L), eosinophils (E), basophils (B), monocytes (M) and heterophils-lymphocytes ratio (HLR) were used to assess the immune responses of the chickens and data collected were subjected to General Linear Model procedure of SAS 9.2 version. The results showed that genotypeantibody titre had significant effect (p<0.05) on the immune response parameters but sex had no significant effect (p>0.05), while sex by genotype-antibody titre interaction had significant effect (p<0.05). The immune response kinetics of the chickens after challenge with attenuated Salmonella was shown by the significance of the effect of days of blood collection after challenge. High titre naked neck chickens recorded the highest PCV, Hb and RBC values while genotype-antibody titre had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the rest of the parameters. Low titre naked neck males recorded the highest PCV, HB and RBC values while the rest of the parameters were not significant (p>0.05). Generally, days had significant effect (p<0.05) on all the immune response parameters except on H, L and HLR. The study showed that the high titre naked neck males were least affected by the Salmonella vaccine in terms of decrease in packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration and red blood cell count while the low titre normal females were most affected.

scholarly journals Ionic and osmotic equilibria of human red blood cells treated with nystatin.

1979 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Freedman ◽  
J F Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Osmotic Coefficients ◽  
Virial Equation ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Extracellular Solution ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volumes

Human red blood cells have been incubated in the presence of nystatin, which allows Na and K, as well as Cl and pH to equilibrate rapidly when cell volume is set with external impermeant sucrose. The intracellular mean ionic activity coefficients, relative to values in the extracellular solution, for KCl and NaCl are 1.01 +/- 0.02 and 0.99 +/- 0.02 (SD, n = 10), respectively, and are independent of external pH, pH o, and of [sucrose]o. With nystatin the dependence of red cell volume on [sucrose]o deviates from ideal osmotic behavior by as much as a factor of three. A virial equation for the osmotic coefficient, phi, of human hemoglobin, Hb, accounts for the cell volumes, and is the same as that which describes Adair's measurements of phi Hb for Hb isolated from sheep and ox bloods. In the presence of nystatin the slope of the acid-base titration curve of the cells is independent of cell volume, implying that the charge on impermeant cellular solutes is independent of Hb concentration at constant pH. By modifying the Jacobs-stewart equations (1947. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 30: 79--103) with the osmotic coefficients of Hb and of salts, a nonideal thermodynamic model has been devised which predicts equilibrium Donnan ratios and red cell volume from the composition of the extracellular solution and from certain parameters of the cells. In addition to accounting for the dependence of cell volume on osmotic pressure, the model also describes accurately the dependence of Donnan ratios and cell volumes on pHo either in the presence or absence of nystatin.

Colloid osmotic pressure changes of dog's blood exposed to different mixtures of CO2 and air

1978 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kakiuchi ◽  
A. B. DuBois ◽  
D. Gorenberg
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Colloid Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Freezing Point Depression ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Different Levels

Hansen's membrane manometer method for measuring plasma colloid osmotic pressure was used to obtain the osmolality changes of dogs breathing different levels of CO2. Osmotic pressure was converted to osmolality by calibration of the manometer with saline and plasma, using freezing point depression osmometry. The addition of 10 vol% of CO2 to tonometered blood caused about a 2.0 mosmol/kg H2O increase of osmolality, or 1.2% increase of red blood cell volume. The swelling of the red blood cells was probably due to osmosis caused by Cl- exchanged for the HCO3- which was produced rapidly by carbonic anhydrase present in the red blood cells. The change in colloid osmotic pressure accompanying a change in co2 tension was measured on blood obtained from dogs breathing different CO2 mixtures. It was approximately 0.14 mosmol/kg H2O per Torr Pco2. The corresponding change in red cell volume could not be calculated from this because water can exchange between the plasma and tissues.

scholarly journals Impact of parity and gestational age of mothers with hypertension on birth weight, red blood cells and mode of delivery of their babies

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 3038-3044
Author(s):  
Helen Chioma Okoye ◽  
Chilota Chibuife Efobi ◽  
Josephat Maduabuchi Chinawa ◽  
Odutola Israel Odetunde ◽  
Awoere Tamunosiki Chinawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Hypertensive Group ◽  
The Impact

Background: Maternal factors are determinants of birth outcome which includes birth weight, haematological indices and mode of delivery of their babies.Objectives: To determine the impact of parity and gestational age of hypertensive mothers on some neonatal variables.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study of measurement of neonatal variables (birth weight, red blood cells and mode of delivery) among hypertensive mothers and their controls was conducted over a period of six months. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences program (SPSS), version 20.Results: There were statistically significant differences in means between the neonates of the hypertensive group and non-hypertensive group for maternal age (t =1.61, p = 0.002), baby weight (t =2.87, p < 0.001), haemoglobin (Hb) (t =4.65, p = 0.010) and packed cell volume (PCV) (t =4.75, p = 0.009), but none for gravidity (t =1.95, p = 0.927)For all subjects, there was poor correlation between gestational age and variables; birth weight , haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), nucleated red blood cell (nRBC) and parity. Likewise, parity poorly correlated with variables; age, birth weight, Hb, PCV, and nRBC. There was a statistically significant association between mode of delivery and hypertension (χ2 =53.082, p <0.001) but none with having a family history of hypertension (χ2 =1.13, p = 0.287).Conclusion: Parity and gestational age of mothers with hypertension have no impact on birth weight and red cells when compared with their non-hypertensive counterparts. However, mothers of babies delivered by elective and emergency caesarean section were about 2-3 times more likely to be hypertensive than those that delivered through spontaneous vertex delivery.Keywords: Hypertension; neonate; gestational age; parity.

Red Cell Glutathione in Anaemia

1973 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hopkins ◽  
G. R. Tudhope
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Initial Therapy ◽  
Megaloblastic Anaemia ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
A Value ◽  
Normal Mean

Erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH) has been measured in 17 normal subjects and in 70 patients with anaemia of various causes; the red cells of most of the anaemic patients contained abnormally high levels of GSH. In the group of cases of untreated megaloblastic anaemia in which the haemoglobin concentration was less than 8.0 g. per 100 ml., there was an inverse relationship between the erythrocyte GSH level and the haemoglobin concentration. During initial therapy in megaloblastic anaemia, as the haemoglobin concentration increased, the GSH level decreased towards normal; the time taken for the GSH level to reach a value 2 standard deviations above the normal mean was inversely related to the initial haemoglobin concentration. In the red cells of patients with anaemia there was no correlation between the GSH level and the activity of glutathione peroxidase. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Splenic red cell sequestration and blood volume measurements in conscious pigs

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (3) ◽  
pp. R293-R301 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Hannon ◽  
C. A. Bossone ◽  
W. G. Rodkey
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Epinephrine Injection ◽  
Volume Measurements

When estimated by the dilution of 51Cr-labeled red blood cells under nearly basal conditions, immature splenectomized pigs (n = 20) had a circulating red cell volume of 17.8 +/- 1.64 (SD) ml/kg. At an assumed body-to-large vessel hematocrit (BH:LH) ratio of 0.9, plasma volume was 49.6 +/- 3.12 ml/kg and blood volume 67.3 +/- 3.67 ml/kg. Sham-operated pigs (n = 20) had a circulating red cell volume of 16.2 +/- 1.39 ml/kg, a plasma volume of 51.1 +/- 3.42 ml/kg, and blood volume of 67.2 +/- 4.12 ml/kg. Kinetic analysis of early 51Cr loss from the circulating blood of the sham-operated pigs indicated a splenic red cell sequestration of 4.5 +/- 0.89 ml/kg and a t1/2 of 9.76 +/- 1.93 min for splenic red cell turnover. Epinephrine injection (n = 6) and physical restraint (n = 8) caused rapid mobilization of splenic red blood cells in sham-operated pigs. Volume estimates in splenectomized pigs (n = 7) based on simultaneous dilutions of 51Cr-labeled red blood cells and 125I-labeled bovine albumin gave circulating red cell, plasma, and blood volumes of 18.4 +/- 2.46, 60.7 +/- 4.01, and 79.0 +/- 3.51 ml/kg, respectively, and a BH:LH ratio of 0.756 +/- 0.029. The latter value may have reflected an overestimation of plasma volume by the 125I-labeled albumin procedure.

Cell volume and metabolic dependence of NEM-activated K+-Cl- flux in human red blood cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (1) ◽  
pp. C124-C128 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Lauf ◽  
C. M. Perkins ◽  
N. C. Adragna
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Transport Activity ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Atp Breakdown ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Metabolic Dependence ◽  
K Transport

The effects of incubation in anisosmotic media and of metabolic depletion on ouabain-resistant (OR) Cl--dependent K+ influxes stimulated by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) were studied in human red blood cells using Rb+ as K+ analogue. The NEM-stimulated but not the basal Rb+-Cl- influx measured in phosphate-buffered anisosmotic media was found to be cell volume dependent. When cellular ATP, [ATP]c, was lowered to less than 0.10 of its initial level by exposure to nonmetabolizable 2-deoxy-D-glucose, the NEM-stimulated but not the basal Cl--dependent Rb+ influxes were abolished. Metabolically depleted red blood cells subsequently repleted by incubation in glucose plus inosine regained the NEM-inducible Rb+ (K+) transport activity. The difference in the time course of ATP breakdown and Rb+ influx inhibition suggests that energization of the NEM-stimulated Rb+ flux by metabolism may involve factors additional to ATP.

Rise of Haemoglobin after Blood Transfusion in Children Without Active Bleeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Rupesh Shrestha ◽  
Srijana Basnet ◽  
Fakir Chandra Gami
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Product ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Active Bleeding ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: Blood transfusion is a common practice among children with severe anaemia. A common assumption among physician is that transfusion of 5 ml/kg packed red cell will increase the haemoglobin of the recipient by 1 gm/dl. This study was aimed at assessing the effect of volume of blood product and hematocrit of donor blood in the rise of haemoglobin concentration after transfusion in children without active bleeding. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in 32 children aged between one to 15 years without active bleeding who received blood transfusion in Paediatric ward and Paediatric Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary care hospital in Nepal from December 2013 to November 2014. Haemoglobin levels before and after transfusion were compared and any adverse reactions that occurred during transfusion were recorded. Hematocrit of each donor blood was measured. Results: The overall rise of haemoglobin after transfusion of blood product with hematocrit of 53 ± 8.9 % at the rate 14.5 ± 6.0 ml/kg was 2.7 ± 1.4 gm/dl. The rise of haemoglobin after transfusion of whole blood with hematocrit of 38.8 ± 4.4% at the rate 15.5 ± 6.9 ml/kg was 1.8 ± 1.2 gm/dl. The rise of haemoglobin after transfusion of packed cell with hematocrit 57.0 ± 4.8 % at the rate 14.2 ± 5.8 ml/kg was 2.9 ± 1.4 gm/dl. Conclusion: This study supports the general consensus of 1 gm/dl rise of haemoglobin after transfusion of packed red cell at 5 ml/kg.  

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