Changes in Matrix Components in the Developing Human Meniscus

Background: Treatment of meniscal tears is necessary to maintain the long-term health of the knee joint. Morphological elements, particularly vascularity, that play an important role in meniscal healing are known to change during skeletal development. Purpose: To quantitatively evaluate meniscal vascularity, cellularity, collagen, and proteoglycan content by age and location during skeletal development. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Medial and lateral menisci from 14 male and 7 female cadavers aged 1 month to 11 years were collected and evaluated. For each meniscus, histologic and immunohistologic techniques were used to establish the ratio of the area of proteoglycan (safranin O) positivity to the total area (proteoglycan ratio), collagen type I and type II immunostaining positivity, number of blood vessels, and cell density. These features were evaluated over the entire meniscus and also separately in 5 circumferential segments: anterior root, anterior horn, body, posterior horn, and posterior root. Additionally, cell density and number of blood vessels were examined in 3 radial regions: inner, middle, and periphery. Results: Age was associated with a decrease in meniscal vessel count and cell density, while the proteoglycan ratio increased with skeletal maturity. Differences in vessel counts, cellular density, and proteoglycan ratio in different anatomic segments as well as in the inner, middle, and peripheral regions of the developing menisci were also observed. Collagen immunostaining results were inconsistent and not analyzed. Conclusion: The cellularity and vascularity of the developing meniscus decrease with age and the proteoglycan content increases with age. All of these parameters are influenced by location within the meniscus. Clinical Relevance: Age and location differences in meniscal morphology, particularly in the number of blood vessels, are expected to influence meniscal healing.

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EFFECT OF PURIFIED ALGINATE MICROCAPSULES ON THE REGENERATION OF CHONDROCYTES

Biomedical Engineering Applications Basis and Communications ◽

10.4015/s1016237212500019 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 24 (03) ◽

pp. 185-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ji Hye Hwang ◽

On You Kim ◽

A Ram Kim ◽

Ji Yeon Bae ◽

Su Mi Jeong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Collagen Type ◽

Cartilage Regeneration ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Tissue Growth ◽

Cartilage Tissue ◽

Type I ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽

Safranin O

Adult articular cartilage tissue has poor capability of self-repair. Therefore, a variety of tissue engineering approaches are motivated by the clinical need for articular repair. Alginate has been used as a biomaterial for cartilage regeneration. The alginate is a natural polymer that is extracted from seaweeds and purification. However, the main drawback is the immune rejection in vivo. To overcome this problem, we have developed the biocompability of alginate using modified Korbutt method. After alginate was purified, purified alginate microcapsules were used in cartilage regeneration. Chondrocytes were seeded in purified and nonpurified alginate microcapsules, and then cell viability, proliferation and phenotype were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was conducted to confirm mRNA expression on collagen type I and collagen type II for chondrocytes phenotype. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Safranin-O histological staining showed tissue growth at the interface during the first 10 days. In this study, chondrocytes in purified alginate microcapsules had higher cell viability, proliferation and more phenotype expression than those in nonpurified alginate microcapsules. The results suggest that the purified alginate microcapsule is useful for cartilage regeneration.

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A Novel Rat Tail Collagen Type-I Gel for the Cultivation of Human Articular Chondrocytes in Low Cell Density

The International Journal of Artificial Organs ◽

10.1177/039139880703001205 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 30 (12) ◽

pp. 1057-1067 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

R. Muller-Rath ◽

K. Gavénis ◽

S. Andereya ◽

T. Mumme ◽

B. Schmidt-Rohlfing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Density ◽

Collagen Type ◽

Articular Chondrocytes ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Human Articular Chondrocytes ◽

Type I ◽

Low Cell Density ◽

Rat Tail

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Combined estrogen and ghrelin administration restores number of blood vessels and collagen type I/III ratio in the urethral and anal canal submucosa of old ovariectomized rats

International Urogynecology Journal ◽

10.1007/s00192-007-0462-1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 547-552 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Diaa E. E. Rizk ◽

Hazem A. Hassan ◽

Ahmed H. Al-Marzouqi ◽

Gaber A. Ramadan ◽

Soha S. Al-Kedrah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anal Canal ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Collagen Type ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Type I

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Cartilage canals in newborn dogs: histochemical and immunohistochemical findings

European Journal of Histochemistry ◽

10.4081/ejh.2016.2701 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Di Giancamillo ◽

M.E. Andreis ◽

P. Taini ◽

M.C. Veronesi ◽

M. Di Giancamillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Collagen Type ◽

Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Type I ◽

Surrounding Matrix ◽

Cartilage Canals ◽

Time Changes ◽

Safranin O ◽

Ossification Centers ◽

First Time

<p>Cartilage canals (CCs) are microscopic structures involved in secondary ossification centers (SOCs) development. The features of CCs were investigated in the humeral and femoral proximal epiphyses of small-sized newborn dogs (from premature to 28 days after birth) with histochemical and immunohistochemical approaches. Masson’s Trichrome revealed a ring-shaped area around CCs, which changes in colour from green (immature collagen) to red (mature collagen) as ossification progresses; perichondrium staining always matched the ring colour. Safranin-O was always negative. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed immunopositivity for both collagen type I and V around the CCs; collagen type II was negative. CCs count showed a tendency to be higher in the humerus than in the femur. This work enlightened for the first time changes in composition of CCs surrounding matrix during SOCs development in dogs, paving the way to further investigations.<strong> </strong></p>

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Tissue Integration and Degradation of a Porous Collagen-Based Scaffold Used for Soft Tissue Augmentation

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13102420 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 2420 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jordi Caballé-Serrano ◽

Sophia Zhang ◽

Anton Sculean ◽

Alexandra Staehli ◽

Dieter D. Bosshardt

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Collagen Type ◽

Cathepsin K ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Soft Tissue Augmentation ◽

Type I ◽

Tissue Integration ◽

Scaffold Degradation

Collagen-based scaffolds hold great potential for tissue engineering, since they closely mimic the extracellular matrix. We investigated tissue integration of an engineered porous collagen-elastin scaffold developed for soft tissue augmentation. After implantation in maxillary submucosal pouches in 6 canines, cell invasion (vimentin), extracellular matrix deposition (collagen type I) and scaffold degradation (cathepsin k, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), CD86) were (immuno)-histochemically evaluated. Invasion of vimentin+ cells (scattered and blood vessels) and collagen type I deposition within the pores started at 7 days. At 15 and 30 days, vimentin+ cells were still numerous and collagen type I increasingly filled the pores. Scaffold degradation was characterized by collagen loss mainly occurring around 15 days, a time point when medium-sized multinucleated cells peaked at the scaffold margin with simultaneous labeling for cathepsin k, TRAP, and CD86. Elastin was more resistant to degradation and persisted up to 90 days in form of packages well-integrated in the newly formed soft connective tissue. In conclusion, this collagen-based scaffold maintained long-enough volume stability to allow an influx of blood vessels and vimentin+ fibroblasts producing collagen type I, that filled the scaffold pores before major biomaterial degradation and collapse occurred. Cathepsin k, TRAP and CD86 appear to be involved in scaffold degradation.

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Development of a novel meniscal sheet scaffold and its effectiveness for meniscal regeneration in a rabbit defect model

Journal of Biomaterials Applications ◽

10.1177/08853282211000523 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088532822110005

Author(s):

Kuniaki Ikeda ◽

Shuhei Otsuki ◽

Nobuhiro Okuno ◽

Shunsuke Sezaki ◽

Kosuke Nakagawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Testing Machine ◽

Defect Size ◽

Defect Group ◽

Initial Time ◽

Type I ◽

Defect Model ◽

Fast Green ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Meniscal Healing ◽

Safranin O

This study evaluated the biomechanical strength of a novel two-layer meniscal sheet scaffold (MSS) consisting of polyglycolic acid and poly-Llactic acid/caprolactone and investigated meniscal healing using wrapping treatment for meniscal defect model in a rabbit. The ultimate failure load of the MSS was determined using a tensile testing machine, in vitro. A 2-mm cylindrical defects were created at the medial meniscus of rabbit knees (n = 40). Each knee was assigned to one of two groups. The defect group was not treated and the MSS group underwent wrapping treatment with MSS. Menisci were harvested at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-implantation. The regenerated meniscus and defect size were evaluated using macrophotographs. Ishida scores for regenerated tissue were determined using Safranin-O/Fast Green staining. Immunohistochemical analysis of Ki-67 for cell proliferation, anti-type I and II collagen antibodies for structure of the regenerated tissue was elucidated. Medial femoral cartilage was stained with Safranin-O/Fast Green and evaluated with Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores. The strength of MSS was maintained over 90% from initial time point to 4 weeks after hydrolysis and over 60% of the strength remained at 8 weeks. The surface area of the meniscus was larger and the defect size smaller in the MSS group than in the defect group at 8 and 12 weeks. Ishida scores revealed that the MSS group improved significantly compared to that of the defect group at all postsurgery time points evaluated. Ki-67 positive cell ratio was significantly higher in the MSS group. OARSI score of the defect group was significantly higher and the defect group showed progressive degeneration in the articular cartilage from 8 to 12 weeks. Overall, wrapping meniscus defects with MSS was useful for accelerating meniscal healing from an early stage and beneficial for tissue regeneration and promoting extracellular matrix maturation.

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Distribution of the collagen binding heat-shock protein in chicken tissues.

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1177/40.7.1607635 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 40 (7) ◽

pp. 1021-1029 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

O Miyaishi ◽

K Sakata ◽

M Matsuyama ◽

S Saga

Keyword(s):

Heat Shock ◽

Heat Shock Protein ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Biological Significance ◽

Basal Layer ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Surrounding Tissue ◽

Collagen Molecule ◽

Type I ◽

Chicken Tissues

We examined the tissue distribution of heat-shock protein MW 47,000 D, hsp47, which binds to native and denatured collagen including Types I, III, and IV, in various chicken tissues by Western blotting and immunohistochemical methods. hsp47 was located on fibrocytes or fibroblasts in the connective tissue in various organs, chondrocytes in the cartilage, smooth muscle cells in the gastrointestinal tract and blood vessels, vitamin A storage cells in sinusoidal area of liver, endothelial cells in blood vessels, and epithelial cells of renal glomeruli, tubules, and basal layer of epidermis. These cells also co-expressed a certain type of collagen molecule. Furthermore, in developing embryos, fibroblasts and chondrocytes expressed hsp47 before the deposition of collagen Type I or Type II in the surrounding tissue. These results indicate that the binding of hsp47 to collagen molecules has important biological significance.

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