Effects of a Program of Hospital-Supervised Chest Physical therapy on Lung Function Tests in Children with Chronic Respiratory Disease: 1-Year Follow-up

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Indinnimeo ◽  
G. Tancredi ◽  
M. Barreto ◽  
G. De Castro ◽  
A.M. Zicari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Chest Physical Therapy

To investigate whether a hospital-supervised program of chest physical therapy improves lung function in children with chronic pulmonary diseases, twenty-four children (4 with Kartageners syndrome, 12 with common variable immunodeficiency, and 8 with primary ciliary dyskinesia) average age 11.2±3.2 years, were randomly assigned to a one-month hospital-supervised program of chest physical therapy (13 patients) or to a control group (11 patients) that continued unsupervised chest physical therapy at home. Lung function was assessed before the program, and one and twelve months after. At the one-month assessment, thoracic gas volume was significantly lower in the supervised group than in the controls. At the one-year assessment, forced expiratory volume in one second was significantly higher in the supervised group than in controls. A supervised program of chest physical therapy significantly improved lung function in children with chronic pulmonary diseases.

scholarly journals Real-World Experience of the One-Year Efficacy of Rifaximin Add-On to Lactulose Is Superior to Lactulose Alone in Patients with Cirrhosis Complicated with Recurrent Hepatic Encephalopathy in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Ching Chang ◽  
Chien-Hao Huang ◽  
Hsiao-Jung Tseng ◽  
Fang-Chen Yang ◽  
Rong-Nan Chien
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Real World ◽  
Ammonia Level ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Before And After ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Serum Ammonia

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a neuropsychiatric complication of decompensated cirrhosis, is associated with high mortality and high risk of recurrence. Rifaximin add-on to lactulose for 3 to 6 months is recommended for the prevention of recurrent episodes of HE after the second episode. However, whether the combination for more than 6 months is superior to lactulose alone in the maintenance of HE remission is less evident. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the one-year efficacy of rifaximin add-on to lactulose for the maintenance of HE remission in Taiwan. Methods: We conducted a real-world single-center retrospective cohort study to compare the long-term efficacy of rifaximin add-on to lactulose (group R + L) versus lactulose alone (group L, control group). Furthermore, the treatment efficacy before and after rifaximin add-on to lactulose was also analyzed. The primary endpoint of our study was time to first HE recurrence (Conn score ≥ 2). All patients were followed up every three months until death, and censored at one year if still alive. Results and Conclusions: 12 patients were enrolled in group R + L. Another 31 patients were stratified into group L. Sex, comorbidity, ammonia level, and ascites grade were matched while age, HE grade, and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score were adjusted in the multivariable logistic regression model. Compared with group L, significant improvement in the maintenance of HE remission and decreased episodes and days of HE-related hospitalizations were demonstrated in group R + L. The serum ammonia levels were significantly lower at the 3rd and 6th month in group 1. Concerning changes before and after rifaximin add-on in group R + L, mini-mental status examination (MMSE), episodes of hospitalization, and variceal bleeding also improved at 6 and 12 months. Days of hospitalization, serum ammonia levels also improved at 6th month. Except for concern over price, no patients discontinued rifaximin due to adverse events or complications. The above results provide evidence for the one-year use of rifaximin add-on to lactulose in reducing HE recurrence and HE-related hospitalization for patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Changes in the mobility of obese people under the influence of a physical therapy program

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Aravitska
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Movement Screen ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Physical Therapy Program ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Level

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> to determine the effectiveness of a physical therapy program for patients with obesity by the indicators of Functional Movement Screen test exercises.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods</strong>. A total of 114 people of the second adulthood with alimentary-constitutional obesity of the I-III degrees were examined. They were divided according to the level of compliance into two groups. The comparison group consisted of individuals with a low level of compliance; they did not go through a rehabilitation program, but were informed about the risks of obesity; acquainted with the basic principles of hypocaloric nutrition and physical activity. The main group consisted of individuals with a high level of compliance; they underwent a developed program for correcting body weight using measures to maintain a high level of compliance, nutrition modification, increased physical activity, lymphatic drainage procedures, and elements of behavioral psychocorrection. The control group consisted of 60 people with no signs of obesity. A survey of the test exercises Functional Movement Screen was conducted in dynamics before and after the one-year period of implementation of the rehabilitation program.</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> During the initial examination in obese patients, all the obtained parameters of the Functional Movement Screen exercises were statistically significantly worse than in individuals with normal body weight (p &lt;0.05). Re-examination of patients with low compliance showed that no statistically significant positive changes occurred in any test test (p&gt; 0.05). When analyzing the results of test exercises of patients with a high level of compliance under the influence of a physical therapy program, a statistically significant improvement was achieved in all studied parameters relative to the initial level (p &lt;0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diagnostics of mobility based on test exercises Functional Movement Screen in physical therapy programs for obese patients is a modern, simple and affordable method of rehabilitation examination. To achieve the target level of the control group for the studied parameters by patients of II-III degree of obesity, the rehabilitation program should be long for one year.</p>

Differential diagnosis of chronic cardiac and pulmonary insufficiency using echocardiographic examination

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
V. P. Kozlov ◽  
T. Ya. Miloslavskaya
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Pulmonary Insufficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Echocardiographic Examination ◽  
Group A

The echocardiographic examination of 78 patients with chronic pulmonary diseases and 85 patients with various stages of cardiac and pulmonary insufficiency is performed. As many as 28 patients without cardiac and pulmonary diseases are examined as a control group. A group of patients (20) with combination of chronic cardiac and pulmonary diseases is stood out. The results of the investigations revealed the reliable changes of the echocardiographic indices that can be used for the differential diagnosis of chronic cardiac and pulmonary insufficiency.

scholarly journals Meniscus Repair Outcomes with and without Bone Marrow Aspiration Concentrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Allan Massey ◽  
Andrew Zhang ◽  
Christine Bayt Stairs ◽  
Stephen Hoge ◽  
Trevor Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Meniscus Repair ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pain Level ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Objectives: The purpose of the current study is to review the results of meniscus repairs with and without bone marrow aspiration concentrate (BMAC). It is hypothesized that with BMAC, meniscus repair outcomes will be improved when compared to without BMAC at 1 year after surgery. Methods: This is a prospective case control study performed from August 2014 until August 2017. Patients were included if they had a meniscus repair performed with no history of prior meniscus surgery to the operative knee. Patients were excluded if there was a full thickness cartilage tear or International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) Grade IV cartilage tear not treated in a single staged surgery. Patients were also excluded if they did not reach the one year follow-up, had a multi-ligamentous knee injury requiring multiple staged procedures. From August 2014 until November 2015, patients had meniscus repair without BMA. Menisci were all repaired arthroscopically using inside-out, outside-in and all-inside techniques. After November 2015, all meniscus repairs were augmented with BMAC. In the BMAC group, all bone marrow was obtained from the ipsilateral femur during the time of surgery. The Biocue BMAC system (Zimmer Biomet, Warsaw Indiana) was used for bone marrow aspiration and BMAC was injected directly into the tear site after repair. Numerical data such as VAS, lysholm and IKDC was analyzed using a 2 sample T-test. Categorical data such as sex, tear location, type of tear and zone of tear were analyzed using a chi-square. Results: A total of 150 patients were initially included in the study. The average age in the control group was 26.3 versus 29.4 in the BMAC group (P=0.27). Thirty seven percent of the control group had an ACL reconstruction versus 40% in the BMAC group (P= .77). The control group improved from an average pain level of 6.1 to 1.2 and the BMAC group improved from an average pain level of 5.9 to 0.7 at the 1 year end point. Both the control group and BMAC group improved with respect to pain with no difference at the 1 year end point (P=.19). There was, however a significantly larger reduction in pain at the 6 week and 3 month time point with BMAC compared to the control group (P=.02 and P=.02 respectively). At the 1-year follow-up, the mean lysholm score improved from 43 to 92 in the control group and 43 to 90 in the BMAC group. The mean IKDC score improved from 37 to 87 in the control group and 36 to 83 in the BMAC group at the one year follow-up. Conclusion: Meniscus repair outcomes were improved at 6 weeks and 3 months post-operatively, when BMAC is used to augment meniscus repair compared to repair without BMAC. Both groups, control group and BMAC meniscus repair group had improved outcomes at 1 year post-operatively with respect to VAS, lysholm and IKDC, with no difference in complication rate.

Independent Association of Interleukin 6 With Low Dynamic Lung Function and Airflow Limitation in Well-Treated People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka F Thudium ◽  
Andreas D Knudsen ◽  
Jakob Hjorth Von Stemann ◽  
Malene Hove-Skovsgaard ◽  
Hedda Hoel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Diseases

Abstract Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with an increased risk of chronic pulmonary diseases. We compared cytokine concentrations (interleukin 6 [IL-6], interleukin 1β, 2, 4, 10, and 17A, tumor necrosis factor α, interferon γ, soluble CD14 [sCD14] and soluble CD163 [sCD163]) in people with HIV (PWH) and uninfected controls and investigated whether elevated cytokine concentrations were independently associated with lung function indices in PWH. Methods We performed spirometry and measured cytokine concentrations by Luminex immunoassays or enzyme-linked immunoassay in 951 PWH and 79 uninfected controls from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection study. Regression analyses were used to explore associations between elevated cytokine concentrations and lung function indices. Results PWH were predominantly male (84.6%) and 94.2% had undetectable viral replication. In PWH, elevated IL-6 was associated with lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second (−212 mL [95% confidence interval, −308 to −116 mL]), lower forced vital capacity (−208 mL [−322 to −93 mL]), and airflow limitation (aOR, 2.62 [1.58–4.36]) (all P &lt; .001) in models adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, smoking status, body mass index, and CD4 T-cell nadir. The association between IL-6 and dynamic lung function was modified by smoking (P for interaction = .005). Conclusion IL-6 levels were elevated and independently associated with low dynamic lung function and airflow limitation in well-treated PWH, suggesting that systemic inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic pulmonary diseases.

scholarly journals Evaluation of lung function among the Indian elite female weightlifters

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 987
Author(s):  
Snehunsu Adhikari ◽  
Adilakshmi Perla ◽  
Suresh Babu Sayana ◽  
Mithilesh K. Tiwari ◽  
Tambi Medabala
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Lung Function Test ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health And Disease

Background: Spirometry is an essential tool to evaluate lung function of health and disease. Adaptability of lung and chest among athletes can be assessed by lung function test (LFT). The quest of our study was to evaluate the lung function (LF) of highly trained Indian female weighting athletes, and intended to appraise the adaptation of LF among trained elite athletes.Methods: Top ranked Indian female professional weightlifters (study group, n=6) were recruited for this study. Three out of the six weightlifters were from top ten world ranking of 6th, 7th and 9th. Age matched controls (control group, n=6) were selected for this study. Maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1%) and ratio of forced expiratory volume in first second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%) have been evaluated as per the ATS/ERS guidelines.Results: Statistically higher significant values of VC and FVC were noted in study group, where as other values (MVV, FEV1% and FEV1/FVC%) found no significant difference between two groups.Conclusions: Power, strength and explosiveness of the skeletal muscles are vital domains in weightlifting sport. Weightlifting is such a sport doesn’t require much ventilatory efforts during training as well as competition. This study clueing that physiological adaptation/ improvement of the pulmonary function (PF) depends on the type of the sport being engaged by the athletes.

scholarly journals Association between immunosuppressive therapy and course of mild interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis

Rheumatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1108-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Hoa ◽  
Sasha Bernatsky ◽  
Russell J Steele ◽  
Murray Baron ◽  
Marie Hudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Baseline Visit ◽  
Impaired Lung Function ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Abstract Objective Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a leading cause of mortality in SSc. Little is known about the benefits of immunosuppressive drugs in mild ILD. Our aim was to determine whether use of CYC or MMF was associated with an improved ILD course in patients with normal or mildly impaired lung function. Methods A retrospective cohort of SSc subjects with ILD, disease duration below seven years and no exposure to CYC or MMF prior to the baseline visit was constructed from the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group registry. Subjects were categorized as having mild ILD if baseline forced vital capacity (FVC % predicted) was &gt;85%. The primary exposure was any use of CYC or MMF at the baseline visit. FVC at one year was compared between exposed and unexposed subjects, using multivariate linear regression. Results Out of 294 eligible SSc-ILD subjects, 116 met criteria for mild ILD. In this subgroup, mean (s.d.) disease duration was 3.7 (2.0) years. Thirteen (11.2%) subjects were exposed to CYC or MMF at baseline. The one-year FVC was higher in exposed subjects compared with unexposed subjects, by a difference of 8.49% (95% CI: 0.01–16.98%). None of the exposed subjects experienced clinically meaningful progression over two years, whereas 24.6% of unexposed subjects did. Conclusion In this real-world setting, CYC/MMF exposure at baseline was associated with higher FVC values and a lower risk of progression among subjects with mild ILD. These data suggest a window of opportunity to preserve lung function in SSc-ILD.

Gut Microbiota and Urine Metabonomics Alterations in Constitution after Chinese Medicine and Lifestyle Intervention

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Yuan Jing ◽  
Shuangshuang Han ◽  
Jieyu Chen ◽  
Yigui Lai ◽  
Jingru Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Before And After ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution (TCMC) divides human beings into balanced (ping-he) constitution (PH) and unbalanced constitution. Yang-deficiency (yang-xu) constitution (YAX) is one of the most common unbalanced constitutions in Chinese general population, and it causes susceptibility to particular diseases. However, unbalanced constitutions can be regulated by Chinese medicine and lifestyle intervention in clinical practice. Gui-fu-di-huang-wan (GFDHW) is a well-known Chinese medicine with yang-invigorating activity and is regarded as improving YAX. In this study, 60 healthy YAX students selected from a prospective population of 5185 were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial and completed the study. We compared the gut microbiota and urinary metabolome between individuals with PH and those with YAX before and after one-month-intervention. Compared with the control group, the health status of the intervention group improved significantly, the YAX symptom score was reduced, and the efficacy remained high at the one-year follow-up. The gut microbiota of the healthy PH exhibited greater diversity, and significantly higher species were identified.[Formula: see text]Compared to PH group, YAX individuals showed increased abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bacteroides,also had higher levels of gut microbial-derived urinary metabolites. After one-month-intervention, both GFDHW treatment and lifestyle intervention enriched the diversity and modulated the structure in YAX. The intervention group also partially restored the microbiome and metabolome to healthy PH-like levels. Further, a microbiota co-occurrence network analysis showed that the metabolites enriched in YAX were correlated with microbial community structure. Taken together, our results suggest that Chinese medicine combined with lifestyle intervention benefits YAX individuals. Gut microbiota/metabolite crosstalk might be involved in the Chinese medicine-mediated effects.

scholarly journals Normalization of Lung Function following Treatment of Secondary Usual Interstitial Pneumonia: A Case Report

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. CCRPM.S22878
Author(s):  
Laurie A. Hohberger ◽  
Felicia Montero-Arias ◽  
Anja C. Roden ◽  
Robert Vassallo
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Usual Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Function Testing ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
One Year ◽  
Function Testing

Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is the most common idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) and is associated with a poor prognosis and poor responsiveness to immunosuppressive therapy. We present a case of a woman with steroid-responsive biopsy-proven UIP with significant and sustained improvement in pulmonary function. A female in her 40s presented following a one-year history of progressive dyspnea, a 20 lb weight loss, and fatigue. Imaging of the chest with computed tomography (CT) showed bibasilar subpleural reticular opacities and minimal peripheral honeycombing. Comprehensive connective tissue disease (CTD) antibody testing was negative. Pulmonary function testing showed moderate impairment with reduction in forced vital capacity (FVC, 69% predicted), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1 73% predicted), and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO, 52% predicted). Surgical lung biopsy showed UIP with prominent inflammatory infiltrates. Following treatment with prednisone and azathioprine, the patient's symptoms resolved, while objective pulmonary function testing showed normalization of lung function, which is sustained at >4 years of follow-up. Improvement in lung function following immunosuppressive therapy is distinctly uncommon in either idiopathic or secondary UIP. This report suggests that occasionally, patients with secondary UIP occurring in the context of otherwise undefinable autoimmune clinical syndromes may be responsive to immunosuppressive therapy.

scholarly journals Lung Function and Respiratory Health of Populations Living Close to Quarry Sites in Palestine: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6068
Author(s):  
Maysaa Nemer ◽  
Rita Giacaman ◽  
Abdullatif Husseini
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nasal Allergy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
At Home

Environmental exposure to dust from quarrying activities could pose health dangers to the population living nearby. This study aimed to investigate the health effects of dust exposure on people living close to quarry sites and compared them with those who live far from the quarry sites. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted among 79 exposed participants, who lived less than 500 m away from the quarry sites, and 79 control participants who lived more than 500 m away. All participants answered a questionnaire on dust exposure at home and health effects, as well as performed a lung function test in which both reported and measured health effects were investigated. People who live in close proximity to the quarry sites reported exposure to dust at home (98%), land destruction (85%), plant leaves covered with dust (97%), and an inability to grow crops (92%). The exposed group reported significantly higher eye and nasal allergy (22% vs. 3%), eye soreness (18% vs. 1%), and dryness (17% vs. 3%), chest tightness (9% vs. 1%), and chronic cough (11% vs. 0%) compared to the control group. Lung function parameters were significantly lower among the exposed group compared to the control group; mean forced vital capacity (FVC) was 3.35 L vs. 3.71 L (p = 0.001), mean forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) was 2.78 L vs. 3.17 L (p = 0.001). Higher levels of airway restriction were found among the exposed group. Among the exposed group, lung function parameters worsened with the increasing closeness of home to the quarry site. This study demonstrates the negative health effects of environmental dust exposure among two communities living near quarry sites in Palestine. The results highlight the importance of developing and strictly enforcing rules and regulations in Palestine to protect population health.

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