Evaluation of lung function among the Indian elite female weightlifters

Background: Spirometry is an essential tool to evaluate lung function of health and disease. Adaptability of lung and chest among athletes can be assessed by lung function test (LFT). The quest of our study was to evaluate the lung function (LF) of highly trained Indian female weighting athletes, and intended to appraise the adaptation of LF among trained elite athletes.Methods: Top ranked Indian female professional weightlifters (study group, n=6) were recruited for this study. Three out of the six weightlifters were from top ten world ranking of 6th, 7th and 9th. Age matched controls (control group, n=6) were selected for this study. Maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1%) and ratio of forced expiratory volume in first second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%) have been evaluated as per the ATS/ERS guidelines.Results: Statistically higher significant values of VC and FVC were noted in study group, where as other values (MVV, FEV1% and FEV1/FVC%) found no significant difference between two groups.Conclusions: Power, strength and explosiveness of the skeletal muscles are vital domains in weightlifting sport. Weightlifting is such a sport doesn’t require much ventilatory efforts during training as well as competition. This study clueing that physiological adaptation/ improvement of the pulmonary function (PF) depends on the type of the sport being engaged by the athletes.

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Perbandingan FEV1 antara subjek perokok dan non perokok pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.4.2.2016.14685 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Maniata F. Bata ◽

Maarthen C.P. Wongkar ◽

Bisuk P. Sedli

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Lung Function ◽

Forced Vital Capacity ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Study Data ◽

T Test ◽

F Test ◽

Anova Test ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract: Smoking is one of the factors causing decline of lung function characterized by impairment of Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC. This study was aimed to obtain the differences in FEV1 between smokers and non smokers, among smokers based on duration of smoking, and among smokers based on the number of cigarettes per day in medical students of University of Sam Ratulangi Manado. This was an observational analytic study. Data were analyzed by using the independent T test and the ANOVA with the F Test. Subjects were 40 males, consisted of 20 smokers and 20 non-smokers. Six smokers had smoked for 2-5 years and 14 smokers had smoked for >5 years. Smoking less than10 cigarettes/day, 10-20 cigarettes/day, and more than 20 cigarettes/day were found in 8, 9, and 3 subjects respectively. The independent T-test showed that there was no significant difference in FEV1 between smokers and non-smokers (p=0.250). The independent T-test also showed that there was no significant difference in FEV1 between smokers of 2-5 years and smokers of more than 5 years (p=0.117). The ANOVA test showed that there was no significant difference in FEV1 between smokers of <10 cigarettes/day, 10-20 cigarettes/day, and >20 cigarettes/day (p=0.481). Conclusion: In this study there were no significant differences in FEV1 between smokers and non smokers, among smokers based on duration of smoking, and among smokers based on the number of cigarettes per day.Keywords: smoker, non smoker, FEV1, duration of smoking, number of cigarette Abstrak: Merokok adalah salah satu faktor penyebab penurunan fungsi paru yang ditandai oleh penurunan nilai volume Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), dan rasio FEV1/FVC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan FEV1 antara subjek perokok dan non perokok, antar subjek perokok berdasarkan lama merokok, dan antar subjek perokok berdasarkan jumlah batang rokok yang dihisap per hari pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik dengan uji T independent dan uji ANOVA dengan uji F. Subjek penelitian ialah 40 orang laki-laki terdiri dari 20 subjek perokok dan 20 subjek non perokok. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan terdapat 6 subjek perokok yang telah merokok selama 2-5 tahun dan 14 subjek telah merokok selama >5 tahun sedangkan yang menghisap rokok <10 batang/hari, 10-20 batang/hari, dan >20 batang/hari ialah masing-masing 8 orang, 9 orang, dan 3 orang. Uji T-independent menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara FEV1 subjek perokok dan non perokok (p=0,250). Hasil uji T independent terhadap perbedaan FEV1 subjek perokok yang telah merokok 2-5 tahun dengan yang telah merokok >5 tahun mendapatkan p=0,117. Uji ANOVA terhadap perbedaan nilai FEV1 antara subjek perokok yang menghisap rokok sebanyak <10 batang/hari, 10-20 batang/hari, dan >20 batang/hari mendapatkan p=0,481. Simpulan: Pada penelitian ini tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara FEV1 subjek perokok dan non perokok, antar subjek perokok berdasarkan lama merokok, dan antar subjek perokok berdasarkan jumlah batang rokok yang dihisap per hari.Kata kunci: perokok, non perokok, FEV1, lama merokok, jumlah batang rokok

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Effect of Box Breathing Technique on Lung Function Test

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i58a34085 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 25-31

Author(s):

Ashfaaq Ahmed ◽

R. Gayatri Devi ◽

A. Jothi Priya

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Lung Function Test ◽

Inhibitory Response ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

P Value ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Function Test ◽

Slow Breathing ◽

Experimental Training

Background: Box breathing exercise is a technique of slow breathing rhythm also known as square breathing used universally. It increases the performance and concentration level, it also acts as a powerful stress relief. It is tested with a spirometer for the lung function test that measures the airflow of the upper and lower respiratory tract. This method builds up carbon dioxide in blood which calms down and regulates the ANS (Autonomic Nervous System), which enhances the cardio- inhibitory response of the vagus nerve that improves the mood. The main aim of the study was to analyze the effect of box breathing technique on lung function Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out among the participants at the age of 18-25 years from Saveetha Dental College. A total of 30 participants were included in this study (15 males, 15 females). The experimental training procedures consisted of 2 sessions of box breathing day and night for a period of 30 days. Participants were informed of the procedures of the box breathing technique. RMS Helios spirometer was used to measure lung volumes and capacities. Statistics analysis was done using SPSS software, paired t test. P value of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered significant statistically. Results: There was a significant increase among the participants FVC (Forced Vital Capacity), FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume), FIVC (Forced Inspiratory Vital Capacity) parameters after 2 sessions on each day of box breathing technique for a period of 30 days. Other parameters increased to 10% but not significantly. Conclusion: The present study illustrates the potential for box breathing practice to improve lung performance and reduce stress in healthy individuals. Despite the significant difference in FVC, FEV, FIVC levels supporting improved lung function, further investigation is needed to delineate mechanisms that underlie these benefits

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Deep breaths, methacholine, and airway narrowing in healthy and mild asthmatic subjects

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00209.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 1384-1390 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Emanuele Crimi ◽

Riccardo Pellegrino ◽

Manlio Milanese ◽

Vito Brusasco

Keyword(s):

Forced Vital Capacity ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Forced Expiration ◽

Airway Narrowing ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Mild Asthmatic ◽

Residual Capacity ◽

Airway Conductance

Deep breaths taken before inhalation of methacholine attenuate the decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity in healthy but not in asthmatic subjects. We investigated whether this difference also exists by using measurements not preceded by full inflation, i.e., airway conductance, functional residual capacity, as well as flow and residual volume from partial forced expiration. We found that five deep breaths preceding a single dose of methacholine 1) transiently attenuated the decrements in forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity in healthy ( n = 8) but not in mild asthmatic ( n = 10) subjects and 2) increased the areas under the curve of changes in parameters not preceded by a full inflation over 40 min, during which further deep breaths were prohibited, without significant difference between healthy ( n = 6) and mild asthmatic ( n = 16) subjects. In conclusion, a series of deep breaths preceding methacholine inhalation significantly enhances bronchoconstrictor response similarly in mild asthmatic and healthy subjects but facilitates bronchodilatation on further full inflation in the latter.

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Impact of Lung Biopsy on Lung Function in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Respiration ◽

10.1159/000509557 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Pierre-Henri Aussedat ◽

Nader Chebib ◽

Kais Ahmad ◽

Jean-Charles Glerant ◽

Gabrielle Drevet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Forced Vital Capacity ◽

Lung Biopsy ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Surgical Lung Biopsy ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

Background: Video-assisted surgical lung biopsy (SLB) is performed in 10–30% of cases to establish the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of SLB on lung function in patients eventually diagnosed with IPF. Methods: This is an observational, retrospective, monocentric study of all consecutive patients eventually diagnosed with IPF in multidisciplinary discussion who underwent SLB over 10 years in a specialized center. The primary end point was the variation in forced vital capacity (FVC) before and after the SLB. The secondary end points were the variations in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), total lung capacity (TLC), carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO), and morbidity and mortality associated with the SLB. Results: In 118 patients who underwent SLB and were diagnosed with IPF, a relative decrease in FVC of 4.8% (p < 0.001) was found between measurements performed before and after the procedure. The mean FVC decrease was 156 ± 386 mL in an average period of 185 days, representing an annualized decline of 363 ± 764 mL/year. A significant decrease was also observed after SLB in FEV1, TLC, and DLCO. Complications within 30 days of SLB occurred in 14.4% of patients. Two patients (1.7%) died within 30 days, where one of them had poor lung function. Survival at 1 year was significantly poorer in patients with FVC <50% at baseline. Conclusion: In this uncontrolled study in patients ultimately diagnosed with IPF, SLB was followed by a significant decline in FVC, which appears to be numerically greater than the average decline in the absence of treatment in the literature. Summary at a Glance: This study evaluated the change in lung function in 118 consecutive patients diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by surgical lung biopsy. Forced vital capacity decreased by 156 ± 386 mL in a mean of 185 days between the last measurement before and first measurement after biopsy, representing an annualized decline of 363 ± 764 mL/year.

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Impact of chronic khat (Catha edulis Forsk) chewing on pulmonary function test and oxygen saturation in humans: A comparative study

SAGE Open Medicine ◽

10.1177/2050312118824616 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 205031211882461 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gashaw Garedew Woldeamanuel ◽

Teshome Gensa Geta

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Pulmonary Function ◽

Oxygen Saturation ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Mean Values ◽

Khat Chewing ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Background: Chronic consumption of khat affects many organ systems and leads to various health disturbances in the chewers. Few studies examined the acute effects of khat ingestion on lung function parameters. However, studies which assessed the long-term effects of khat chewing on pulmonary function parameters and oxygen saturation are lacking. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of chronic Khat chewing on pulmonary function parameters and oxygen saturation among chronic Khat chewers in Wolkite, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Wolkite, Ethiopia from 1 June 2018 to 15 August 2018. A total of 324 participants, 162 khat chewers and 162 non-chewers were included in the study. The data were collected through face-to-face interview by trained data collectors. British Medical Research Council respiratory questionnaire was used to assess respiratory symptoms. A spirometer was used to assess various lung function parameters. Moreover, oxygen saturation of hemoglobin was measured using pulse oximeter. Data were entered into CSPro version 6.2 and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: This study showed statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the mean values of forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in first second and maximum ventilation volume among khat chewers as compared to non-chewers. There was no significant difference in the mean values of other lung function parameters between the two groups. Similarly, there was no significant difference (p = 0.642) in mean oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SaO2) across the two groups. Conclusion: It is evident from this study that long-term khat consumption is associated with decreased mean forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in first second and maximum ventilation volume. Hence, there is a need for further study to strengthen the current findings and to explore the mechanisms of khat chewing effect on lung function parameters.

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Lung function test in children with left-to-right shunt congenital heart disease

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi58.4.2018.165-9 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 165-9

Author(s):

Carolina Kurniawan ◽

Indah Kartika Murni ◽

Sasmito Nugroho ◽

Noormanto Noormanto ◽

Roni Naning

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Lung Function ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Septal Defect ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Restrictive Lung Function

Background Increased pulmonary blood flow may lead to abnormal lung function in children with left-to-right (L to R) shunt congenital heart disease. This condition has been linked to considerable mortality and morbidity, including reduced lung function. Objective To assess for lung function abnormality in children with L to R shunt congenital heart disease. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study involving children aged 5-18 years and diagnosed with L to R shunt congenital heart disease at Dr. Sardjito Hospital from March to May 2017. Subjects underwent spirometry tests to measure forced expiratory volume-1 (FEV-1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume-1 (FEV-1)/forced vital capacity (FVC). Results Of 61 eligible subjects, 30 (49.2%) children had atrial septal defect (ASD), 25 (41%) children had ventricular septal defect (VSD), and 6 (9.8%) children had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Spirometry revealed lung function abnormalities in 37 (60.7%) children. Restrictive lung function was documented in 21/37 children, obstructive lung function in 11/37 children, and mixed pattern of lung function abnormality in 5/37 children. Pulmonary hypertension was found in 21 children. There was no significant difference in lung function among children with and without pulmonary hypertension (P=0.072). Conclusion Abnormal lung function is prevalent in 60.7% of children with L to R shunt congenital heart disease, of which restrictive lung function is the most common. There was no significant difference in lung function among children with and without pulmonary hypertension.

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Are preterm-born survivors at risk of long-term respiratory disease?

Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease ◽

10.1177/1753465817710595 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 277-287 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Katarzyna Kaczmarczyk ◽

Ida Wiszomirska ◽

Magdalena Szturmowicz ◽

Andrzej Magiera ◽

Michalina Błażkiewicz

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Forced Vital Capacity ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Reference Group ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Expiratory Flow ◽

Preterm Born

Background: To evaluate the long-term impact of preterm birth on respiratory function in female patients born preterm, we undertook spirometric examinations twice, as they reached the age of puberty, then follow-up examinations of part of the same cohort in adulthood. We sought evidence that preterm birth is correlated with poorer spirometric results into adulthood. Methods: A total of 70 girls (aged 12.2 ± 1.5 years in 1997) who had been born preterm (at 34.7 ± 1.86 weeks, none having experienced bronchopulmonary dysplasia) took part in spriometric examinations in 1997 and again in 1998. Of those, after a gap of 17 years, a group of 12 were successfully recontacted and participated in the 2015 examination as adults (then aged 27.6 ± 2.6 years, born at 34.5 ± 1.92 weeks). We compared spirometric results across the adolescent and adult examinations, and compared the adult results with an adult reference group. Results: The percentage values of FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s), FVC (forced vital capacity) and MVV (maximal voluntary ventilation) showed significant improvement between the two examinations in the early adolescent period. In adulthood, FEV1%pred (percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s) showed no statistically significant difference. The mean values of both FVC and FVC%pred (percentage predicted forced vital capacity) for the preterm-born group were lower than for the reference group, but this was not statistically significant. The preterm-born group showed lower values of such parameters as forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of FVC, MEF25 (maximal expiratory flow at 25% of forced vital capacity) and FEV1/FVC as compared with the reference group, but again without statistical significance. Conclusions: (1) A somewhat below-norm level of respiratory parameters among preterm-born girls entering pubescence may attest to continued negative impact on their respiratory system. (2) A significant improvement in their spirometric results 1 year later may indicate that pubescence helps compensate for the earlier negative effect of preterm birth. (3) No significant differences were seen in lung function in preterm-born adults as compared with a reference group of adults, although the preterm-born group did exhibit lower values of all parameters studied and more frequent obstructive disorders.

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Effect of obesity on lung function test among adults

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20204965 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 1795

Author(s):

Dhairya Salvi ◽

Dhanvi Moradia

Keyword(s):

Vital Capacity ◽

Lung Function Test ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Function Test

Background: Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by excessive body fat that causes damage to the individual’s health and is associated with comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension and vascular dysfunction. This cross-sectional study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effect of obesity on lung function test in obese but otherwise healthy adults.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out at tertiary care institute of Gujarat, India. It was conducted over a period of 5 months. A total of 240 adult healthy subjects of both sexes were selected randomly belonging to varying socio-economic status. The study subjects were divided into 3 categories (normal body mass index i.e. BMI, overweight, obese). BMI were calculated for the randomly selected subjects from each list till the desired number in each BMI group were attained. Four respiratory parameters viz. forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced expiratory volume in 3 seconds (FEV3), and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) were used to assess their lung functions.Results: Two hundred and forty subjects (each group having n=80). The mean age of group I, group II and group III were 27.45±6.37, 28.18±6.42 and 28.98±6.74 respectively. Lung volumes showed significant difference in relation to the BMI. FVC and FEV1 show significant decrease. Group III verses group I (p˂0.001 and p˂0.017 respectively) FEV3 showed significant difference between group I and group III and between group II and group III (p˂0.001). MVV was significantly lower in group III when compared to group I.Conclusions: There is decline in pulmonary function in obese as compared to normal weight adults. These findings suggest deleterious effects on ventilatory mechanics caused by obesity, due to probable lung compression (reduction in the expiratory reserve volume i.e. ERV), leading to a compensatory increase in the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) in an attempt to maintain a constant vital capacity (VC).

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In-brace alterations of pulmonary functions in adolescents wearing a brace for idiopathic scoliosis

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364619839856 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 434-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gozde Yagci ◽

Gokhan Demirkiran ◽

Yavuz Yakut

Keyword(s):

Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽

Pulmonary Function ◽

Peak Expiratory Flow ◽

Forced Vital Capacity ◽

Respiratory Muscle ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Pulmonary Functions ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Expiratory Flow

Background:Despite the common use of braces to prevent curve progression in idiopathic scoliosis, their functional effects on respiratory mechanics have not been widely studied.Objective:The objective was to determine the effects of bracing on pulmonary function in idiopathic scoliosis.Methods:A total of 27 adolescents with a mean age of 14.5 ± 1.5 years and idiopathic scoliosis were included in the study. Pulmonary function evaluation included vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, maximum ventilator volume, peak expiratory flow, and respiratory muscle strengths, measured with a spirometer, and patient-reported degree of dyspnea. The tests were performed once prior to bracing and at 1 month after bracing (while the patients wore the brace).Results:Compared with the unbraced condition, vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, maximum ventilator volume, and peak expiratory flow values decreased and dyspnea increased in the braced condition. Respiratory muscle strength was under the norm in both unbraced and braced conditions, while no significant difference was found for these parameters between the two conditions.Conclusion:The spinal brace for idiopathic scoliosis tended to reduce pulmonary functions and increase dyspnea symptoms (when wearing a brace) in this study. Special attention should be paid in-brace effects on pulmonary functions in idiopathic scoliosis.Clinical relevanceBracing seems to mimic restrictive pulmonary disease, although there is no actual disease when the brace is removed. This study suggests that bracing may result in a deterioration of pulmonary function when adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis are wearing a brace.

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Passive Smoking by Asthmatics: Its Greater Effect on Boys Than on Girls and on Older Than on Younger Children

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.84.3.451 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 84 (3) ◽

pp. 451-459 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrew B. Murray ◽

Brenda J. Morrison

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Passive Smoking ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Lung Function Test ◽

Asthma Severity ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Test Results ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Function Test ◽

Forced Expiratory Flow

In 415 nonsmoking asthmatic children who were seen consecutively, asthma symptoms were more severe if the mother was a smoker than if she was a nonsmoker. This applied to both sexes but was more marked in boys than in girls. There were also other indications that sons were the more severely affected: the forced expiratory volume at 1 second, the forced expiratory flow rate during the middle half of the forced vital capacity, and the provocation concentration of histamine needed to result in a 20% decrease in the forced expiratory volume at 1 second were significantly decreased only in the sons, and lung function test results were significantly less in sons than in daughters of mothers who smoked. When the 415 children were stratified according to age, lung function improved significantly with increasing age in the children of nonsmokers; in children of smokers, by contrast, symptoms and lung function test results became progressively worse. As well, there was a correlation between these indications of asthma severity and the number of years the child had been exposed to the mother's smoke. It appeared that, compared with girls, boys were more sensitive to passive smoking, and that its adverse effect increased with age and with duration of exposure.

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