Remembering (to forget) English: The crises of world literature in Jotirao Phule’s slavery

Thesis Eleven ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahee Punyashloka
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
English Language ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Colonial Modernity ◽  
Indian Writing In English ◽  
History Of ◽  
Subaltern History ◽  
Lower Castes

Discursive history of the English language has been vital to analysing ‘the postcolonial condition’ in the Indian subcontinent, with a broadly overarching emphasis on how English is a ‘usurper language’. Simultaneous to this, however, there exists a hitherto understudied history featuring subaltern, ‘organic intellectuals’ from the lower castes. Not only does this ‘subaltern history of English’ exhibit a more positive affect toward the English language – by invoking its emancipatory potential in an economy of deeply casteist vernacular languages – but it also complicates multiple assertions that the postcolonial apparatus has so far held as a priori. Jotirao Phule’s Slavery/Gulamgiri (1873) is one of the foremost examples of such a position; its preface, which lucidly announces this seemingly unique position, is quite possibly the first explicitly political treatise written in the English language in the history of the subcontinent. This paper highlights the enormous shifts that take place in our understanding of the history of English – and (post)colonial modernity – if we were to (aptly) classify Phule’s preface as a key text in the history of ‘Indian writing in English’. Subsequently, it is argued that Phule’s work crystallizes into a radically alternate – and far more egalitarian – conception of ‘world literature’ contra Tagore’s well-known idea of visva sahitya.

The Colonial Genealogies of Political Decay and Legitimation Crises: An Enquiry into the Predicament of State-construction in Post-colonial South Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-293
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar H. M.
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
After Effects ◽  
Colonial Modernity ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Legitimation Crisis ◽  
State Construction ◽  
History Of

This article is an attempt to conceptualise and theoretically explain the colonial genealogies of the processes of state-making and state-construction in post-colonial South Asia. In pursuit of this, the article seeks to theorise the colonial ways of providing a sense of fixity of political territoriality, held together by colonially crafted institutions of metropolitan governance, as an independent variable in determining the nature of the processes of state-making and state-construction in the region. On this count, an enquiry into the complex trajectory of these post-colonial political processes, which are the dependent variables for this article, is the fundamental problematic of analysis. This problematic would be decoded with the help of a dual conceptual framework, involving what Samuel Huntington designates as political decay and the legitimation crisis given by Jurgen Habermas. In the context of South Asia, the predicaments of political decay and legitimation crisis, according to this article, manifest as after-effects of engagement on the part of the region’s post-colonial polities with the imported values of colonial modernity and neoliberal economic reforms. By drawing instances from two countries of the Indian subcontinent, Pakistan and Bangladesh, the article tries to show how these after-effects have played out in the form of a tumultuous political history of the processes of state-making and state-construction. The article, in this way, is an attempt to theorise the inter-sectionalities between the colonial and post-colonial periods of South Asia. This has been done here by problematising such a historical inter-sectionality from the perspective of the two intervening variables—the received values of colonial metropolis and the morals of modernity—mediated through neoliberal economic reforms.

The Oxford History of the Novel in English

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
English Language ◽  
Book History ◽  
World Order ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Novel ◽  
History Of The Novel ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Volume Nine of this series traces the development of the ‘world novel’, that is, English-language novels written throughout the world, beyond Britain, Ireland, and the United States. Focusing on the period up to 1950, the volume contains survey chapters and chapters on major writers, as well as chapters on book history, publishing, and the critical contexts of the work discussed. The text covers periods from renaissance literary imaginings of exotic parts of the world like Oceania, through fiction embodying the ideology and conventions of empire, to the emergence of settler nationalist and Indigenous movements and, finally, the assimilations of modernism at the beginnings of the post-imperial world order. The book, then, contains chapters on the development of the non-metropolitan novel throughout the British world from the eighteenth to the mid twentieth centuries. This is the period of empire and resistance to empire, of settler confidence giving way to doubt, and of the rise of indigenous and post-colonial nationalisms that would shape the world after World War II.

How Do You Solve a Problem like Horace?

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-48
Author(s):  
Sebastian Matzner
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Latin Literature ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Cultural Paradigm ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Taking its cue from Horace’s paradoxical dictum that ‘Greece took captive its brutish conqueror and brought its arts to rustic Latium’ (Ep. 2.1.156–7), this chapter explores parallels between the history of Latin literature and theoretical models elaborated by scholars of post-colonial literature. Continuing the first chapter’s broader methodological considerations, it models a post-colonially inflected reading strategy to analyze more lucidly the inter- and intracultural dynamics and politics of Latin texts shaped by (and, in turn, shaping and sustaining) the fraught Greco-Roman cultural relationship: how, where, and to whose (dis-)advantage does Greece work—and is made to work—as a silent referent in Roman literary and literary-critical knowledge? Horace’s Letter to Augustus serves to illustrate the insights this approach can generate in the study of individual Latin texts, of Roman philhellenism as a cultural paradigm, and in current debates on the status of European literature within post-colonial frameworks of world literature.

Malaysian Drama in English: Is there a Case for a Post-Mortem?

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-246
Author(s):  
Margaret Yong
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
The Political ◽  
National Context ◽  
Indian Languages ◽  
National History ◽  
Race Riots ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
History Of

Malaysian drama in English (MDE) is an inelegant name, but it describes exactly a curious breed of theatre in Malaysia: Englishlanguage drama, which seeks to be locally appropriate, in a country whose polycultural history has resulted in the presence of a diverse mixture of languages including Malay (the National Language), the major dialects of Chinese, Hindi, Tamil and other Indian languages, as well as English. Malaysian drama in English has existed for some twentyfive years – not a long history, even measured by the standards of the New Literatures of post-colonial nations. Its quarter century of life has been short and turbulent. MDE has followed a course marked by race riots, language demonstrations, defections from its fold, institutional indifference, censorship, and the gradual withering of the English language itself as a medium viable within the national context. Much of the history of MDE has been affected by the major socio-political changes of the nation. It is not possible, then, to see MDE as an autonomous, selfenclosed entity. Its life cannot be extricated from the national history out of which it grows, and its story is inseparable from the political fortunes of the English language in Malaysia.

Poetry in Expanded Translation: Audre Lorde, Theresa Hak Kyung Cha, Harryette Mullen, Don Mee Choi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Ramayya
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experiences ◽  
English Language ◽  
Theresa Hak Kyung Cha ◽  
Audre Lorde ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
Language Representation ◽  
Harryette Mullen ◽  
History Of

Abstract In this article, I discuss the politics and poetics of translation in the work of Audre Lorde, Theresa Hak Kyung Cha, Harryette Mullen, and Don Mee Choi, considering each poet's ideas about translation and translation practices, suggesting approaches to reading and thinking about their work in relation to translation and in relation to each other. I ask the following questions: in the selected poets' work, what are the relationships between the movement of people, the removal of dead bodies, and translation practices? How do the poets move between languages and literary forms, and what are the politics and poetics of their movements with regards to migration, dispossession, and death, as well as resistance, refusal, and rebirth? I select these poets because of the ways in which they confront relationships between the history of the English language and literature, imperialism and colonialism, racialisation and racism, gendered experiences and narratives, and their own poetic practices. These histories and experiences do not exist in isolation, nor do the poets attempt to circumscribe their approaches to language, representation, translation, and form from their lived experiences and everyday practices of survival and resistance. The selected poets’ work ranges in form, tone, and argument, but I argue that their refusal to circumscribe politics and poetics pertains to their subject positions and lived experiences as racialised and post/colonial women, and that this refusal is demonstrated in their diverse understandings of translation and translation practices.

Giant Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Parotid Gland: Case Report and Review of the Literature

1998 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 634-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Buenting ◽  
Timothy L. Smith ◽  
Douglas K. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
English Language ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Malignant Degeneration ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Mixed Tumor ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenomas ◽  
History Of ◽  
Benign Mixed Tumor ◽  
Mixed Tumors

Pleomorphic adenomas account for the majority of parotid masses, typically arising in the tail of the gland and enlarging slowly over time. The vast majority are 2 to 6 cm in size when resected. We report resection of the largest benign mixed tumor recorded in the modern English language literature. An 85-year-old reclusive woman had a 20-year history of an enlarging right periauricular mass that had begun bleeding several days prior to admission. The patient ultimately underwent resection of the mass, which measured 26 cm in diameter, weighed 6.85 kg, and proved on pathologic examination to be a benign mixed tumor without malignant degeneration. The implications of this unusual case for the management of mixed tumors are discussed, and a review of the world literature on giant pleomorphic adenomas is presented.

scholarly journals Serenoa Repens (Saw Palmetto) for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS): The Evidence for Efficacy and Safety of Lipidosterolic Extracts. Part III

Uro ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-179
Author(s):  
Stephen B. Strum
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
World Literature ◽  
English Language ◽  
Serenoa Repens ◽  
Global Literature ◽  
Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pharmacologic Agents ◽  
Lower Urinary

Parts I and II of this three-part series indicated how a global review of both English-language and non-English language papers, plus a focus on a lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens (LSESr) having a standardized fatty acid profile, have together engendered new insights about the biological activity of LSESr vs. LUTS. In this last part, data from the world literature is presented that confirms that LSESr efficacy is the predominant finding in clinical trials. Despite two placebo-controlled clinical trials performed in the U.S. that failed to confirm a benefit of LSESr vs. placebo in LUTS, the global body of the peer-reviewed literature attests not only to efficacy but also to safety. Results will be presented of important trials that compare LSESr to alpha-blockers such as tamsulosin (Flomax®) as well as to 5α-reductase inhibitors such as finasteride (Proscar®) that demonstrate consistent findings of near equivalency between LSESr and these pharmacologic agents. Studies relating data indicative of an additive effect or synergy between LSESr and tamsulosin will also be presented. The heightened effectiveness of LSESr in men with severe LUTS vs. moderate LUTS expands the importance of our scrutiny of the global literature concerning LSESr. Of great consequence are the contributions of non-English language peer-reviewed publications that have consistently provided evidence of LSESr efficacy in treating LUTS/BPH. These peer-reviewed articles have shown that the effect of LSESr is not that of a placebo. Finally, a comparison of the LSESr extraction products used in the treatment of LUTS, and a discussion of the milieu factors that affect the natural history of LUTS and influence the outcome of clinical trials, complete this detailed analysis of LSESr vs. LUTS.

City of Beginnings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Creswell
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
World Literature ◽  
English Language ◽  
Ezra Pound ◽  
Political Freedom ◽  
Antonin Artaud ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Liberal Individualism

This book is an exploration of modernism in Arabic poetry, a movement that emerged in Beirut during the 1950s and became the most influential and controversial Arabic literary development of the twentieth century. The book introduces English-language readers to a poetic movement that will be uncannily familiar—and unsettlingly strange. It provides an intellectual history of Lebanon during the early Cold War, when Beirut became both a battleground for rival ideologies and the most vital artistic site in the Middle East. Arabic modernism was centered on the legendary magazine Shi'r (“Poetry”), which sought to put Arabic verse on “the map of world literature.” The Beiruti poets—Adonis, Yusuf al-Khal, and Unsi al-Hajj chief among them—translated modernism into Arabic, redefining the very idea of poetry in that literary tradition. This book includes analyses of the Arab modernists' creative encounters with Ezra Pound, Saint-John Perse, and Antonin Artaud, as well as their adaptations of classical literary forms. The book also reveals how the modernists translated concepts of liberal individualism, autonomy, and political freedom into a radical poetics that has shaped Arabic literary and intellectual debate to this day.

scholarly journals ہندو مت پر اردو میں علمی مواد: ایک موضوعاتی کتابیات

ĪQĀN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 123-174
Author(s):  
Dr. Muhammad Akram ◽  
Dr. Ayesha Qurrat Ul-Ain
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Hindu Tradition ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Identity Constructions ◽  
Urdu Literature ◽  
History Of

Three types of academic sources are crucial for understanding the Hindu tradition in our times: a) scriptures and the classical texts that are available mostly in Sanskrit b) works in the English language produced by orientalists, religious studies scholars, and some modern Hindu religious leaders themselves, and c) writings of colonial/post-colonial Hindu and Muslim scholars on Hinduism in Hindi/Urdu language that is understood by a vast majority of the population in South Asia. Many Hindu authors used to write on their religion in Urdu using the Perso-Arabic script in colonial India. Similarly, some Muslim authors also produced scholarly works on Hinduism in Urdu, which could open up better Hindu-Muslim understanding. However, Urdu ceased to be the medium of such writings when religion and language surfaced as two vital factors in national identity constructions in the changing sociopolitical milieu, a process through which the Urdu language became associated with Muslim culture and religion. As a result, the number of Urdu works on Hinduism decreased sharply after British India's partition along religious lines. Nevertheless, this body of Urdu literature is an essential part of the history of modern Hinduism. Keeping this in view, we have produced a comprehensive thematic bibliography of Urdu works on Hinduism, including books, dissertations, and journal articles, which would help preserve the history of the indigenous study of Hinduism in modern times.

scholarly journals Serenoa repens (saw palmetto) for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS): The Evidence for Efficacy and Safety of Lipidosterolic Extracts. Part III

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Bruce Strum
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
World Literature ◽  
English Language ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Serenoa Repens ◽  
Global Literature ◽  
Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pharmacologic Agents

Parts I and II of this 3-part series indicated how a global review of both English-language and non-English language papers plus a focus on a lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens (LSESr) having a standardized fatty acid profile have together engendered new insights about the biological activity of LSESr vs. LUTS. In this last of a 3-part series, data from the world literature is presented that confirms that LSESr efficacy is the predominant finding in clinical trials. Despite two placebo-controlled clinical trials performed in the U.S. that failed to confirm a benefit of LSESr vs. placebo in LUTS, the global body of the peer-reviewed literature attests not only to efficacy but also to safety. Results will be presented of important trials that compare LSESr to alpha-blockers such as tamsulosin (Flomax®) as well as to 5α-reductase inhibitors such as finasteride (Proscar®) that demonstrate consistent findings of near equivalency between LSESr and these pharmacologic agents. Studies relating data indicative of an additive effect or synergy between LSESr and tamsulosin will be presented as well. The heightened effectiveness of LSESr in men with severe LUTS vs. moderate LUTS expands the importance of our scrutinization of the global literature concerning LSESr. Of great consequence are the contributions of non-English language peer-reviewed publications that have consistently provided evidence of LSESr efficacy in treating LUTS/BPH. These peer-reviewed articles have shown that the effect of LSESr is not that of a placebo. Finally, a comparison of the LSESr extraction products used in the treatment of LUTS, and a discussion of the milieu factors that affect the natural history of LUTS and influence the outcome of clinical trials complete this sedulous analysis of LSESr vs. LUTS.

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