Case of Angular Blepharitis Caused by Demodex folliculorum

2021 ◽  
pp. 074880682098576
Author(s):  
Susan Luo ◽  
Cat Burkat ◽  
Suzanne W. van Landingham
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Topical Steroids ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Demodex Mite ◽  
Demodex Folliculorum ◽  
Lateral Canthus ◽  
Eyelid Skin ◽  
Demodex Infestation

Angular blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelid skin at the lateral canthus, most commonly caused by Staphylococcus and Moraxella species. The Demodex mite is an external parasite that often infests the human eyelid margin and has been implicated in both anterior and posterior blepharitis. The authors describe the case of a 43-year-old female who presented for evaluation of a 3-month history of bilateral canthal eyelid irritation, consistent with angular blepharitis. This is a case report and review of relevant literature. Skin biopsy showed evidence of Demodex folliculorum infestation. Multiple D. folliculorum organisms were visualized within the hair follicles and on the surface, along with pockets of acute and chronic nongranulomatous inflammation surrounding hair follicles. The patient was treated with tea tree oil applied to her eyelids and eyelashes twice daily with complete resolution of symptoms. To our knowledge, this is the first report of angular blepharitis with histopathologic confirmation of Demodex infestation. In this discussion, we cover manifestations of the Demodex mite, angular blepharitis, and treatment options. Due to the lack of literature regarding this entity, we feel that it may be an underrecognized periocular and dermatologic condition that can lead to misdiagnosis, visits to multiple practitioners, and significant functional and cosmetic sequelae to the patient. Demodex infestation should be considered on the differential diagnosis for cases of refractory angular blepharitis, particularly when unresponsive to topical steroids. Based on results from treating Demodex anterior and posterior blepharitis and this case, treatment with tea tree oil should be considered.

HERBAL CREAMS OF REISHI EXTRACT AND TEA TREE OIL FOR HIRSUTISM–AN IN VIVO STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
SANGEETA CHOUDHURY ◽  
BLR MADHAVI
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Tea Tree

Objective: The aim of this work to formulate, evaluate and compare the effectiveness of herbal creams containing extract of reishi and tea tree oil for treating hirsutism. Methods: Herbal ingredients were authenticated. Cream base was initially formulated. Three formulations of herbal cream were prepared. Reishi ethanolic extract, tea tree oil, and combination of tea tree oil and reishi extract were added to the cream base and formulated cream were named as RHC, THC and RTC respectively. In vitro evaluations on herbal creams were done for the physicochemical characteristics. In vivo studies were carried out on female Swiss Albino mice for the activity against hair growth by topical application of cream to shaved skin. The histological and morphometric evaluation was carried out. Skin irritancy study was conducted. Results: The herbal creams showed desirable physicochemical properties like pH, viscosity and spreadability. Statistical analysis for the length of hair was performed by using one way ANOVA followed by DUNNET’S post hoc test where THC and RTC were found to be significant whereas RHC showed no significant reduction of hair growth compared to control. RTC showed a significant effect at p<0.05 and hair growth reduction was significant for THC at p<0.001 compared to the control group. RTC and THC showed mild to moderate reduction in the size of the hair follicles with a reduction of sebaceous gland size in the histological analysis. Conclusion: Topical application of herbal creams to mice showed that hair growth was fastest in group RHC and was slowest in group THC and intermediate with RTC. It can be concluded that these herbal actives can be used as an effective treatment against hirsutism. Within the study period, tea tree oil was found to be more effective than reishi extract and the combination product. Further formulation studies and in vivo studies need to be carried out on reishi to assess its effectiveness against hirsutism.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Demodex spp. in students and employees of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin*

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Dołęgowska
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Infestation Rate ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Demodex Folliculorum ◽  
Demodex Brevis ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Demodex Infestation

Introduction: Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis are mites living in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands of humans, with infestation usually being asymptomatic. In the present study the prevalence and number of mites, together with influencing factors of Demodex infestation, were investigated in students and personnel of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin in Poland (PUM). The prevalence of 2 Demodex species, Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis, was compared in epilated eyelashes and skin scrapings derived from healthy volunteers.Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 217 healthy volunteers – females and males. The study group consisted of 114 students and 103 employees of PUM. From each study participant, 2–3 eyelashes from each lid were epilated. From 99 volunteers, skin scrapings and/or secretions from sebaceous glands were also obtained. Demodicosis was diagnosed when Demodex eggs, larvae or adult mites were identified under microscopic examination.Results: The infestation rate of Demodex (in epilated eyelashes and skin) among the 217 volunteers was 21%. Prevalence of hair follicle mites among personnel and students were 28% and 14% respectively. The mean number of mites among the 217 patients was 2.52 ±2.48 (3.16 ±2.9 in PUM personnel and 1.46 ±0.83 in students). The infestation rate increased with age (p = 0.0005). Demodex folliculorum infested 78% (p = 0.005) of the participants and 87.5% of epilated eyelashes (p = 0.000001). Demodex brevis was more frequent on the skin (67%; p = 0.00001). Hair follicle mites were detected more often in epilated eyelashes originating from the lower lid (p = 0.000001). Moreover, a weak correlation between the presence of selected symptoms (blepharedema, conjunctivitis, burning and itching of eyelids) and Demodex infestation was observed. There was no statistically significant association between Demodex infestation and an influencing factor: work using a microscope (p = 0.92).

scholarly journals Activity of Plant Essential Oils Against Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Joanna Wróblewska ◽  
◽  
Jarosław Nuszkiewicz ◽  
Marcin Wróblewski ◽  
Alina Woźniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Demodex Folliculorum ◽  
Demodex Brevis ◽  
Selection Of

Infestation with Demodex spp. is an increasingly common dermatological and ophthalmic problem. Preparations for daily cleaning of eyes and the surrounding area (gels, soaked wipes) contain mainly tea tree oil or terpinen-4-ol. To date, the use of other essential oils supporting the fight against demodicosis is limited due to insufficient number of clinical trials. The aim of this review is to present the most commonly used medicinal plants and their active ingredients used in the treatment of infestation with Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis, with particular emphasis on tea tree oil. PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar databases were searched for the selection of scientific literature. (JNNN 2020;9(4):160–165) Key Words: Demodex brevis, Demodex folliculorum, essential oil, parasitic disease, tea tree oil

scholarly journals Demodicosis in humans as a current problem in dermatology and ophthalmology

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-121
Author(s):  
Sara Królik ◽  
Agnieszka Muth ◽  
Adriana Polańska ◽  
Ryszard Żaba ◽  
Zygmunt Adamski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Inflammatory Dermatoses ◽  
Demodex Folliculorum ◽  
Medical Library ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Present Information ◽  
Demodex Brevis ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Demodex Mites ◽  
Demodex Infestation

Introduction. Human Demodex mites (Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis) are ectoparasites living inside the sebaceous glands and hair follicles. In most people, their presence is of no consequence. However, several conditions or various external factors might contribute to pathological Demodex infestation resulting in demodicosis. Many different cutaneous diseases can resemble demodicosis leading to misdiagnosis.Aim. This paper aims to present information about demodicosis and provides a clear clinical portrait of demodicosis in order to distinguish it from other mimicking inflammatory dermatoses. Material and Methods. The literature search was conducted in the English and Polish language via the PubMed database and Main Medical Library. The articles regarding Demodex infestation were selected. Results. There is some evidence about the role of Demodex in the development of rosacea, blepharitis and clinical correlation between them.Conclusions. More attention should be drawn to Demodex as it plays a significant role in the development of various clinical entities in both dermatology and ophthalmology.

scholarly journals First case of Phthirus pubis and Demodex co-infestation of the eyelids: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Huo ◽  
Yanping Mo ◽  
Xiuming Jin ◽  
Xiaodan Huang ◽  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Eye Drops ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Demodex Mite ◽  
First Case ◽  
Common Parasite ◽  
Microscopy Examination

Abstract Background Phthirus pubis is an obligate parasite of human beings. Demodex spp. is a much more common parasite of human beings. However, P. pubis infestation accompanied by Demodex mite infestation in eye has not been reported. Case presentation We report the first case of Phthirus pubis and Demodex co-infestation on a 48-years-old woman. She presented to the hospital with itching and burning at her right eye for 2 weeks. Slit lamp examination revealed multiple nits and adults of P. pubis anchored to both upper and lower eyelashes. Eyelashes were trimmed, moxifloxacin eye ointment and fluorometholone eye drops were initiated daily. However, itching didn’t improve after 2 weeks of treatment. Light microscopy examination of eyelashes revealed infestation with Demodex. The patient was treated with lid scrubs with 25% tea tree oil daily for 4 weeks and was completely cured. Conclusion Our report shows the importance of an early and comprehensive diagnosis, because both phthiriasis palpebrarum and demodicosis can be confused with blepharitis.

Can the tea tree oil (Australian native plant:Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel) be an alternative treatment for human demodicosis on skin?

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 145 (12) ◽  
pp. 1510-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Siu Kei Lam ◽  
Xin Xin Long ◽  
Robert C Griffin ◽  
Mu-Kai Chen ◽  
James CG Doery
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Demodex Mite ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Topical Treatments ◽  
Delivery Technology

AbstractAustralian tea tree oil (TTO) and its extract terpinen-4-ol (T4O) are found to be effective in moderating demodex-related diseases. Their possible effects are lowering the mite counts, relieving the demodex-related symptoms and modulating the immune system especially the inflammatory response. This review summarizes the topical treatments of TTO and T4O in human demodicosis, their possible mechanism of actions, side-effects and potential resistance in treating this condition. Although current treatments other than TTO and T4O are relatively effective in controlling the demodex mite population and the related symptoms, more research on the efficacy and drug delivery technology is needed in order to assess its potential as an alternative treatment with minimal side-effect profile, low toxicity and low risk of demodex resistance.

THE BACTERIAL MULTIPLE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT (MAR) PHENOTYPE LEADS TO INCREASED TOLERANCE TO TEA TREE OIL

Pathology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Gustafson ◽  
Sean D. Cox ◽  
Yoon C. Liew ◽  
S. Grant Wyllie ◽  
John R. Warmington
Keyword(s):  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Tea Tree

A new sesquiterpenoid from tea tree oil residue

Planta Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Liang ◽  
Z Ali ◽  
M Wang ◽  
IA Khan
Keyword(s):  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Oil Residue
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