A Case Series of Parechovirus Encephalopathy: Apnea and Autonomic Dysregulation in Critically Ill Infants

This article aims to describe a rare cause of severe encephalitis in 2 cases of infants with signs of intracranial hypertension and severe autonomic dysregulation. The authors conclude that human parechoviruses are becoming a more recognized cause of encephalitis because of the increasing use of rapid detection methods. With early recognition of this clinical entity, improved care can be administered.

Download Full-text

Rapid-Onset Obesity with Hypoventilation, Hypothalamic, Autonomic Dysregulation, and Neuroendocrine Tumors (ROHHADNET) Syndrome: A Systematic Review

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/1250721 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jiwon M. Lee ◽

Jaewon Shin ◽

Sol Kim ◽

Heon Yung Gee ◽

Joon Suk Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Case Reports ◽

Age At Onset ◽

Case Series ◽

Rapid Onset ◽

Patient Data ◽

Autonomic Dysregulation ◽

Genetic Causes

Background and Aim. ROHHADNET (rapid-onset obesity with hypoventilation, hypothalamic, autonomic dysregulation, neuroendocrine tumor) syndrome is a rare disease with grave outcome. Although early recognition is essential, prompt diagnosis may be challenging due to its extreme rarity. This study aimed to systematically review its clinical manifestation and to identify genetic causes. Materials and Methods. We firstly conducted a systematic review on ROHHAD/NET. Electronic databases were searched using related terms. We secondly performed whole exome sequencing (WES) and examined copy number variation (CNV) in two patients to identify genetic causes. Results. In total, 46 eligible studies including 158 patients were included. There were 36 case reports available for individual patient data (IPD; 48 patients, 23 ROHHAD, and 25 ROHHADNET) and 10 case series available for aggregate patient data (APD; 110 patients, 71 ROHHAD, and 39 ROHHADNET). The median age at onset calculated from IPD was 4 years. Gender information was available in 100 patients (40 from IPD and 60 from APD) in which 65 females and 35 males were showing female preponderance. Earliest manifestation was rapid obesity, followed by hypothalamic symptoms. Most common types of neuroendocrine tumors were ganglioneuromas. Patients frequently had dysnatremia and hyperprolactinemia. Two patients were available for WES. Rare variants were identified in PIK3R3, SPTBN5, and PCF11 in one patient and SRMS, ZNF83, and KMT2B in another patient, respectively. However, there was no surviving variant shared by the two patients after filtering. Conclusions. This study systematically reviewed the phenotype of ROHHAD/NET aiming to help early recognition and reducing morbidity. The link of variants identified in the present WES requires further investigation.

Download Full-text

Development of an antigen-ELISA and a colloidal gold–based immunochromatographic strip based on monoclonal antibodies for detection of avian influenza A(H5) viruses

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/10406387211027538 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104063872110275

Author(s):

Yixin Xiao ◽

Fan Yang ◽

Fumin Liu ◽

Linfang Cheng ◽

Hangping Yao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Avian Influenza ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Colloidal Gold ◽

Rapid Detection ◽

Influenza A ◽

Field Investigation ◽

Cross Reactivity ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Immunochromatographic Strip ◽

Antigen Elisa

Avian influenza A(H5) viruses (avian IAVs) pose a major threat to the economy and public health. We developed an antigen-ELISA (ag-ELISA) and a colloidal gold–based immunochromatographic strip for the rapid detection of avian A(H5) viruses. Both detection methods displayed no cross-reactivity with other viruses (e.g., other avian IAVs, infectious bursal disease virus, Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, avian paramyxovirus). The ag-ELISA was sensitive down to 0.5 hemagglutinin (HA) units/100 µL of avian A(H5) viruses and 7.5 ng/mL of purified H5 HA proteins. The immunochromatographic strip was sensitive down to 1 HA unit/100 µL of avian A(H5) viruses. Both detection methods exhibited good reproducibility with CVs < 10%. For 200 random poultry samples, the sensitivity and specificity of the ag-ELISA were 92.6% and 98.8%, respectively, and for test strips were 88.9% and 98.3%, respectively. Both detection methods displayed high specificity, sensitivity, and stability, making them suitable for rapid detection and field investigation of avian A(H5) viruses.

Download Full-text

SARS-CoV-2 and Cytomegalovirus Co-Infections—A Case Series of Critically Ill Patients

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10132792 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (13) ◽

pp. 2792

Author(s):

Patrícia Moniz ◽

Sérgio Brito ◽

Pedro Póvoa

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Critically Ill ◽

Immune Suppression ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Case Series ◽

Confounding Factors ◽

Care Systems ◽

The Impact ◽

Cmv Reactivation

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has placed great strain on the most developed of health care systems, especially in the context of critical care. Although co-infections with cytomegalovirus (CMV) are frequent in the critically ill due to underlying immune suppression of multiple causes, the impact on COVID-19 patients remains unclear. Furthermore, severe COVID-19 has recently been associated with significant immune suppression, and this may in turn impact CMV reactivation, possibly contributing to clinical course. Nevertheless, multiple confounding factors in these patients will certainly challenge upcoming research. The authors present a case series of five patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in the context of respiratory failure due to severe COVID-19. All patients evolved with CMV reactivation during ICU stay.

Download Full-text

Bariatric Surgery as a Viable Treatment for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: a Case Series and Review of Literature

Obesity Surgery ◽

10.1007/s11695-021-05587-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vimaladhithan Mahendran ◽

Pol Ricart ◽

Fridi Levine ◽

Emma White ◽

Karen Abolghasemi-Malekabadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Intracranial Hypertension ◽

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽

Case Series ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Viable Treatment

Download Full-text

ECMO for Critically Ill COVID-19 with ARDS: A Case Series

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation ◽

10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.2133 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. S536

Author(s):

D. Rai ◽

M. Tahir ◽

R. Pandey ◽

A. Kharsa ◽

F. Furqan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Critically Ill ◽

Case Series

Download Full-text

FIRST CASE SERIES OF VENOUS SINUS STENTING IN IIH PATIENTS IN WALES

Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry ◽

10.1136/jnnp-2015-312379.25 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 86 (11) ◽

pp. e4.113-e4

Author(s):

Gauhar Abbas Malik ◽

Yogish Joshi

Keyword(s):

Intracranial Hypertension ◽

Case Series ◽

Headache Disorder ◽

Venous Sinus ◽

First Line ◽

Venous Stenting ◽

First Case ◽

Sinus Stenosis

BackgroundIdiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH), is defined by increased cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) pressure in the absence of other causes of intracranial hypertension. There has been recent interest in the role of intracranial venous sinus stenosis in IIH. The raised pressures in IIH are argued to worsen by the secondary appearance of the venous sinus stenosis.Objective5 patients have undergone endovascular pressure measurement in Wales and their clinical details including history, examination, initial management, neuroimaging pre- and post venous stenting, and follow-up (6–24 months) to provide the first case study of patients undergoing Venous sinus stenting in Wales.Methods5 patients with IIH refractory to first line treatments underwent venography and manometry and 4 patients underwent stenting of the venous sinuses after this procedure had shown a pressure gradient proximal to stenosis in the lateral sinuses.ResultsThree patients were rendered asymptomatic, two were improved including one patient unmasking a different headache disorder following treatment.ConclusionsStenting in venous stenosis provides a further treatment option to patients refractory to first line treatments with IIH. This case series highlights in selected cases treatment is promising with good outcomes.

Download Full-text

Gold Immunochromatography Assay - A Newly Rapid Detection Technique for Aquatic Products

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.1449 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 690-693 ◽

pp. 1449-1454

Author(s):

Yuan Wang ◽

Hui Juan Yu ◽

Bei Lei Qian ◽

You Qiong Cai ◽

Dong Mei Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rapid Detection ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Detection Technique ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Future Perspectives ◽

Auxiliary Equipment ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Aquatic Products ◽

Immunological Detection

Gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) technique has the following characteristics: rapid and simple, high sensitivity, good specificity, no auxiliary equipment, ease of interpreting results, and satisfactory stability. The technique has become one of the most rapid and sensitive immunological detection methods, which is widely used in medical, biological and other fields. The article focuses on the basic principles and technical characteristics of GICA, and briefly describes the applications and future perspectives in the rapid detection of aquatic products.

Download Full-text

1338 Bariatric Surgery as a Viable Treatment for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Case Series

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab259.195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽

Author(s):

V Mahendran ◽

P Ricart ◽

M Wadley ◽

A Perry ◽

S Robinson

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Intracranial Hypertension ◽

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽

Case Series ◽

Radicular Pain ◽

Csf Pressure ◽

Disease Modifying Therapy ◽

Effective Treatment Modality ◽

Preventable Blindness

Abstract Introduction Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) is a significant cause of preventable blindness. Patients also suffer from debilitating headaches, pulsatile tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and radicular pain. If IIH continues to rise as predicted, treatment cost will increase to 462.7 million GBP annually by 2030. Weight loss is the only proven disease-modifying therapy for reversal of IIH. Bariatric surgery is an attractive treatment option due to superlative weight loss and reversal of related comorbidities. The case series aims to raise awareness of bariatric surgery as a safe and effective treatment modality for IIH. Method The case series consists of a retrospective analysis of four patients with a pre-operative diagnosis of IIH. They were referred to our department for bariatric surgery between January to December 2018. They were followed up for a total of two years. Results In our case series, all four patients were females with a mean age of 34 years. Mean BMI reduced from 47.3 kg/m2 before surgery to 30 kg/m2 with an EWL of 76.4% at the end of two years after surgery. They all showed significant improvement or resolution in their symptoms related to IIH, and none of them required further CSF pressure reducing procedures afterwards. Conclusions Bariatric surgery is a safe and effective method of treating IIH. It is superior compared to medical management and CSF pressure reducing procedures which have high rates of recurrence.

Download Full-text

Caecal volvulus: untwisting the mystery

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2020-237165 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. e237165

Author(s):

Martha Sara Kedrzycki ◽

Jaya Roy Choudhury ◽

Sherif Hakky

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Small Bowel ◽

Closed Loop ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Case Series ◽

University Hospital ◽

Single Centre ◽

Bowel Ischaemia ◽

Prompt Treatment ◽

Mobile Cecum

Caecal volvulus is an infrequent cause of acute surgical abdomen, where an abnormally mobile cecum twists on its own axis. It can lead to the development of closed-loop obstruction, small bowel ischaemia and perforation. Early recognition and prompt treatment is key; however, due to the rarity of this pathology, it is seldom listed as a differential diagnosis. Here, we present a single-centre case series of two patients presenting with caecal volvulus to an Emergency Surgery Unit at a University Hospital.

Download Full-text