scholarly journals The Dark Triad and Sexual Assertiveness Predict Sexual Coercion Differently in Men and Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052092234
Author(s):  
Minna Lyons ◽  
Emma Houghton ◽  
Gayle Brewer ◽  
Freya O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Sexual Assertiveness ◽  
Sexual Autonomy ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Secondary Psychopathy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Primary And Secondary Psychopathy

Sexual coercion is a global problem that has been studied widely with regard to various characteristics of the perpetrators. The Dark Triad of personality (i.e., narcissism, Machiavellianism, and primary and secondary psychopathy) has been indicated as an important predictor of coercive cognitions and behaviors. In this study, we report findings of an online study ( N = 208), exploring the relationship between sexual coercion, the Dark Triad, and sexual assertiveness (i.e., strategies for achieving sexual autonomy). We found that the Dark Triad was a stronger predictor of sexual coercion in men than in women. In men, all the Dark Triad components were significantly, positively correlated with sexual coercion, and narcissism and Machiavellianism had significant, negative correlations with sexual assertiveness. In women, only narcissism had a significant, positive correlation with sexual coercion, and the Dark Triad traits were not correlated with sexual assertiveness. In regression analyses, controlling for shared variance between the predictor variables, high secondary psychopathy, and low sexual assertiveness emerged as significant predictors of coercion in men. Only narcissism was a significant positive predictor in women. We discuss the results with a reference to evolutionary Life History theory.

In Search of the Prosocial Personality

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Wertag ◽  
Denis Bratko
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Prosocial behavior is intended to benefit others rather than oneself and is positively linked to personality traits such as Agreeableness and Honesty-Humility, and usually negatively to the Dark Triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). However, a significant proportion of the research in this area is conducted solely on self-report measures of prosocial behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prosociality and the basic (i.e., HEXACO) and dark personality traits, comparing their contribution in predicting both self-reported prosociality and prosocial behavior. Results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that the Dark Triad traits explain prosociality and prosocial behavior above and beyond the HEXACO traits, emphasizing the importance of the Dark Triad in the personality space.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Childhood Neglect and Malevolent Creativity: The Mediating Effect of the Dark Triad Personality

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuji Jia ◽  
Qingjin Wang ◽  
Lin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Information Processing ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Childhood Neglect ◽  
Processing Theory ◽  
The Relationship

In addition to what we know as benevolent creativity, which involves originality and usefulness, creativity also includes malevolent creativity, which involves the application of creative ideas to intentionally harm others. This study aimed to explore the environmental and individual predictors of malevolent creativity. We investigated the relationship among childhood neglect, Dark Triad personality traits and malevolent creativity and examined the mediating role of Dark Triad personality. A large sample (N = 991) of Chinese undergraduate students completed the childhood neglect scale, the 12-item Dirty Dozen and the Malevolent Creativity Behavior Scale. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that childhood neglect was positively related to individual malevolent creativity, and the Dark Triad partially mediated this relationship. Additionally, gender differences were found, such that childhood neglect had a stronger effect on malevolent creativity through the Dark Triad among males than females. The results were discussed from the perspectives of life history theory and social information processing theory.

Dark Triad, Tramps, and Thieves

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Lyons ◽  
Peter K. Jonason
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Questionnaire Study ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Primary Psychopathy ◽  
Secondary Psychopathy ◽  
Dysfunctional Impulsivity ◽  
On Line ◽  
Primary And Secondary Psychopathy

Abstract. Although previous research has demonstrated a link between personality and thieving, research has not yet considered individual differences in impulsivity and the Dark Triad (i.e., narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism) and commonplace, low-level thefts. In this on-line questionnaire study (N = 254) we examined how the Dark Triad traits and dysfunctional and functional impulsivity provide insights into individual differences in petty theft. Those who admitted having stolen something in their lifetime were higher on primary and secondary psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and dysfunctional impulsivity than those who had not stolen anything. In addition, secondary psychopathy predicted stealing from a wider range of targets than primary psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism. We discussed the results in relation to how psychopathy may be part of an adaptive suite of traits that enable a “cheater” strategy.

scholarly journals Narcissism and Entrepreneurship: A Systematic Review and an Agenda for Future Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dege Liu ◽  
Ting Zhu ◽  
Xiaojun Huang ◽  
Mansi Wang ◽  
Man Huang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Upper Echelons Theory ◽  
The Relationship

Although narcissism is an important factor influencing entrepreneurial activity and outcomes, not much research has been conducted on the relationship between narcissism and entrepreneurship. To summarize the current literature on this relationship and provide an agenda for further in-depth research, a systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines using Web of Science, Elsevier ScienceDirect, and EBSCO host databases. Accordingly, 33 articles have been identified as being eligible for the final synthesis. The findings of the present study showed, in general, that (1) life history theory, person-environment fit theory (P-E theory), and career choice theory were mostly used to explore the topic of narcissism and entrepreneurial intention, social exchange theory was used to analyze narcissistic entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial motives and attitudes, and upper echelons theory (UET) was applied to research on the relationship between narcissism and entrepreneurial outcomes, (2) Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) and narcissistic sub-dimension of the Dark Triad were frequently used self-report scales among 23 identified empirical studies, and (3) narcissism has both bright and dark sides to entrepreneurial activities and outcomes. While narcissism makes potential entrepreneurs have higher entrepreneurial intentions and greater willingness to take risks, it also prevents entrepreneurs from discovering opportunities, acquiring resources, and learning from failure. Besides, results also showed that relations between narcissism and entrepreneurial intentions and performance are more complex. For a deeper understanding of this complex relations and advancing research on narcissism and entrepreneurship, more research is necessary to explore the relations between narcissism and entrepreneurship-related variables from a temporal perspective and at the team level, examine the relationship between narcissism and entrepreneurship ethics, and investigate the interaction effects of narcissism and other personalities.

Kriminalitätstendenzen in Krisenzeiten am Beispiel der COVID-19-Pandemie

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Fricke ◽  
Frank Wendt ◽  
Laura Wittkopf ◽  
André Körner
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Need Frustration ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Entire World ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

The rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus challenges the entire world tremendously. Yet, little research has been done in Germany on the behavior of the population in such times of crisis. In the present study (N = 320), several effects on experience and behavior within the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated in an online study: frustration of needs, social isolation, feelings of anxiety and stress, adherence to conspiracy mentality, increased alcohol consumption, and Dark Triad characteristics. In addition, self-constructed scales were used to examine one's own change in criminality tendency (SEKT-S) since the beginning of the crisis, as well as the approval of criminality tendencies in other persons (SEKT-A). Both scales were found to be highly reliable. Although a suitable fit could be found in the measurement models, a factorial structure could not be identified. High scores on the factors frustration of needs, adherence to conspiracy mentality, alcohol consumption and the dark triad turned out to be suitable predictors of criminality tendency. The Dark Triad factor represented a moderator in the relationship between need frustration and self-related crime tendency. Due to the heterogeneity of the sample studied, the results can be generalized well. We discuss the limitations of our own study and possible further research on crime in times of crisis.

Exploring the Potential Impact of Sentence-Level Comprehension and Sentence-Level Fluency on Deaf Students' Passage Comprehension

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 2281-2292
Author(s):  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Xinchun Wu ◽  
Hongjun Chen ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Ruibo Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Deaf Students ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Mediating Mechanisms ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This exploratory study aimed to investigate the potential impact of sentence-level comprehension and sentence-level fluency on passage comprehension of deaf students in elementary school. Method A total of 159 deaf students, 65 students ( M age = 13.46 years) in Grades 3 and 4 and 94 students ( M age = 14.95 years) in Grades 5 and 6, were assessed for nonverbal intelligence, vocabulary knowledge, sentence-level comprehension, sentence-level fluency, and passage comprehension. Group differences were examined using t tests, whereas the predictive and mediating mechanisms were examined using regression modeling. Results The regression analyses showed that the effect of sentence-level comprehension on passage comprehension was not significant, whereas sentence-level fluency was an independent predictor in Grades 3–4. Sentence-level comprehension and fluency contributed significant variance to passage comprehension in Grades 5–6. Sentence-level fluency fully mediated the influence of sentence-level comprehension on passage comprehension in Grades 3–4, playing a partial mediating role in Grades 5–6. Conclusions The relative contributions of sentence-level comprehension and fluency to deaf students' passage comprehension varied, and sentence-level fluency mediated the relationship between sentence-level comprehension and passage comprehension.

Subclinical Sadism and the Dark Triad

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K. Johnson ◽  
Rachel A. Plouffe ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Antisocial Personality Traits

Abstract. The Dark Triad is a constellation of three antisocial personality traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. Recently, researchers have introduced a “Dark Tetrad” that includes subclinical sadism, although others suggest considerable overlap between psychopathy and sadism. To clarify the position of sadism within the Dark Triad, an online study was conducted with 615 university students. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that a six-factor solution fit the data best, representing Machiavellianism, psychopathy, physical sadism, verbal sadism, narcissism, and vicarious sadism. Furthermore, convergent validity was supported through sadism’s correlations with the HEXACO personality traits. The results support sadism’s inclusion within the Dark Tetrad as a unique construct but with some conceptual overlap with psychopathy.

Impact of Parental Abuse during Childhood on the Formation of Primary and Secondary Psychopathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-702
Author(s):  
Hyeon Gi Hong ◽  
HyunMyoungHo ◽  
Jungeun Lee ◽  
김희송 ◽  
Jihye Han
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Psychopathy ◽  
Parental Abuse ◽  
Primary And Secondary Psychopathy

Effect of implicit prototype theory on employees' proactive behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Hongwu Xiao ◽  
Donghan Wang ◽  
Xiaohan Liu ◽  
Yi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Role Theory ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Prototype Theory ◽  
Proactive Behavior ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
The Relationship

We applied role theory to test a theoretical model that explained how and why an implicit prototype match influences employees' proactive behavior in interpersonal contexts. After analyzing the reliability and validity of the variables, we used correlation and regression analyses to test our hypotheses with 342 participants from enterprises in China. The results show that (a) a stronger implicit prototype match increased employees' proactive behavior, (b) leader–member exchange mediated the relationship between implicit prototype match and proactive behavior, and (c) leader–member liking (employee's liking for leader and vice versa) moderated the relationship between implicit prototype match and leader–member exchange. Our findings provide theoretical support for implicit prototype theory from the implicit match perspective and have managerial implications for organizations seeking to improve employees' proactive behavior.

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