Within-Individual Effects of Dropping out of School on Violent Victimization Among Serious Adolescent Offenders

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110500
Author(s):  
Chongmin Na
Keyword(s):  
School Dropout ◽  
Routine Activities ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Violent Victimization ◽  
Adolescent Offenders ◽  
Opportunity Structure ◽  
Risky Lifestyles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Out Of School

Despite a recent decrease in both school dropout and victimization rates, many harsh and exclusionary school policies continue to push school-aged adolescents out of school. This study combines two research areas—school dropout and violent victimization—by investigating if dropping out of school increases the chance of violent victimization. It is hypothesized that a change in the opportunity structure associated with risky lifestyles and routine activities accounts for the link between school dropout and violent victimization. Drawing on longitudinal panel data collected from a relatively homogenous sample of 1354 serious adolescent offenders who are predominantly minorities (75%) and males (86%) and fixed-effects models which enhance the causal validity of the findings by using the same individuals as their own counterfactuals over time, this study shows that dropping out of school leads to the perpetuation of violent victimization, primarily due to a change in the opportunity structure associated with risky lifestyles and routine activities. By uncovering the pathway between school dropout and victimization, this study contributes to the knowledge base on the impact of school dropouts, the source of violent victimization, and the causal mechanism underlying the link between dropping out of school and violent victimization—all of which are relatively understudied despite their significant implications for theory and policy.

The Consequences of School Dropout among Serious Adolescent Offenders

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongmin Na
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Routine Activities ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Individual Change ◽  
Adolescent Offenders ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Social Reaction ◽  
Before And After

Objectives: Drawing on labeling and routine activities perspectives, this study investigates whether within-individual change in the school dropout status is associated with the risk of subsequent offending and arrest among serious adolescent offenders. Methods: Longitudinal panel data and a modified version of conventional random-effects models are used as a potential outcome model of causality to directly compare the outcomes before and after the change in the school dropout status. Results: School dropout significantly increases the likelihood of rearrest, but there is no statistically discernable impact of dropping out of school on self-reported reoffending. Conclusions: The current study adds insights into the school dropout literature by exploring the role of school dropout as one of the contingencies of “differential social reaction” or “secondary sanctioning” processes in which arrest leads to a greater risk of subsequent arrest.

scholarly journals School dropout among female learners in rural Mpumalanga, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Prince Mokoena ◽  
Adrian D. van Breda
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
High School ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
High School Dropout ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Secondary Schooling ◽  
Out Of School

South Africa, like many countries, has high numbers of learners who do not complete secondary schooling. This reduces these young people’s chances of finding work or of earning a better salary. It is thus important to understand the factors that contribute to high school dropout. In the study reported on here we investigated the factors that caused a number of female learners to drop out and return to high school in a rural community in Mpumalanga. The learners provided 3 reasons for dropping out of school: pregnancy, illness and immigration. The analysis of these factors suggests 3 underlying themes that influence the ability of children to remain in school, viz. health, policies and structures, and poverty. The implications of these and recommendations to address them are discussed. The authors argue that greater interdepartmental efforts are required to support vulnerable girls to remain in school.

Patterns of Multisystem Service Use and School Dropout Among Seventh-, Eighth-, and Ninth-Grade Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1041-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio R. Garcia ◽  
Stephen Metraux ◽  
Chin-Chih Chen ◽  
Jung Min Park ◽  
Dennis P. Culhane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Use ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Data Set ◽  
System Utilization ◽  
System Involvement ◽  
Out Of School

Youth who receive services from public mental health, child welfare and delinquency, and homeless systems are often exposed to a number of overlapping child, family, school, and community risk factors. Minimal research, however, has focused on the extent to which single- or multiple-system involvement influences school dropout. Relying on an integrated data set, the associations between single- and multiple-system utilization and risk for dropping out, or actually dropping out of school, among youth in Grades 7 through 9 were examined. Results showed dropout rates more than doubled among public youth system users compared with those in the overall sample. With a few exceptions, use of combinations of services systems translated into somewhat higher likelihoods of dropping out of school when compared with single-system use. Future research is warranted to identify the underlying processes by which single- and multiple-system involvement influences school dropout rates.

Falling Through the Cracks? Grade Retention and School Dropout among Children of Likely Unauthorized Immigrants

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes ◽  
Mary J. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Grade Retention ◽  
Residential Location ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Immigration Enforcement ◽  
Weighted Index ◽  
Repeating A Grade ◽  
Out Of School

We evaluate how intensified interior immigration enforcement impacts the likelihood that children of unauthorized immigrants will repeat a grade or drop out of school. Using a weighted index of the intensity of interior immigration enforcement at the MSA level, we find that increased enforcement has the largest impact on younger children ages 6 to 13. The estimates, which account for the non-random residential location of children and their families, reveal that increased enforcement raises young children's probability of repeating a grade by 6 percent and their likelihood of dropping out of school by 25.2 percent.

Sibling Effects, Environmental Influences, and School Dropout

2002 ◽  
Vol 91 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1276-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Marjoribanks
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Influences ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Sibling Effects ◽  
Out Of School

Relations were examined between sibling variables, environmental influences, and the likelihood of dropping out of school. Data were collected from Australian adolescents (4,096 boys, 4,570 girls). Findings indicated that, after taking into account measures of distal contexts and proximal learning settings, sibling variables continued to have small but significant associations with adolescents' school dropout behavior.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Education: Social Exclusion and Dropping out of School

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 529-544
Author(s):  
Olympia Tsolou ◽  
Thomas Babalis ◽  
Konstantina Tsoli
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Out Of School

scholarly journals Program Corporate Social Responsibility Pertamina Aviation Hang Nadim “Desa Berdikari” in Batam

2020 ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Alexius Alexius ◽  
Dadang Mashur ◽  
Dedi Kusuma Habibie
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Specific Role ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Out Of School

The purpose of this article is to frame the specific role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) by taking of regional potential development through Pertamina Aviation Hang Nadim Batam. The implementation of this corporate social responsibility (CSR) activity was carried out by Pertamina Aviation Hang Nadim of Batam. Pertamina implements corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities for people, planet, and profit purposes. During the period of June 2017-June 2018, this activities has relized 4 (four) CSR activites with the main headline “Desa Berdikari” all of which were held in Batu Besar Village, Nongsa District in Batam. The impact of this CSR activities is to reduce the number of youth dropping out of school, unemployment, as well as an increase in income, and a decrease in the number of malnutrition under-five. This article is the result of research conducted with qualitative with a describtion approach.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Program Bos terhadap Keputusan Anak Putus Sekolah

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 680-697
Author(s):  
Pramudina Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
High School Dropout ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
School Dropouts ◽  
Binary Logit ◽  
Out Of School

This study aims to analyze the influence of the BOS Program on junior high school dropout decisions in Purworejo Regency and analyze individual, family and school characteristics of junior high school dropout decisions in Purworejo Regency. This type of research is quantitative. The population used in this study were all junior high school children in Purworejo Regency with 24,827 students graduating from junior high school and 30 students dropping out of school. Data analysis method used in this study is binary logit regression. The results in this study indicate that the BOS Program has no significant effect on the decision of school dropouts because BOS funds cannot cover all school operational costs so that many school fees are charged to parents and there are other factors that cause children's decision to drop out of school. Individual characteristics in the form of education and health perceptions significantly influence the decision of school dropouts. Family characteristics in the form of the number of siblings, siblings drop out of school, help parents, and academic support of parents significantly influence the decision of children dropping out of school. School characteristics such as problems with teachers, problems with friends, and distance do not have a significant effect, while school dropouts have a statistically significant effect on the decisions of dropouts. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Program BOS terhadap keputusan anak putus sekolah tingkat SMP di Kabupaten Purworejo dan menganalisis karakteristik individu, keluarga dan sekolah terhadap keputusan anak putus sekolah tingkat SMP di Kabupaten Purworejo. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak sekolah menengah pertama di Kabupaten Purworejo dengan anak yang lulus sekolah menengah pertama sejumlah 24.827 siswa dan anak putus sekolah sebanyak 30 siswa. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi binary logit. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Program BOS tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan anak putus sekolah karena dana BOS tidak dapat menutup semua biaya operasional sekolah sehingga banyak biaya sekolah yang dibebankan kepada orang tua siswa serta terdapatnya faktor lain yang menyebabkan keputusan anak untuk putus sekolah. Karakteristik individu berupa persepsi pendidikan dan kesehatan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan anak putus sekolah. Karakteristik keluarga berupa jumlah saudara, saudara kandung putus sekolah, membantu orang tua, dan dukungan akademik orang tua berpengaruh signifkan terhadap keputusan anak putus sekolah. Karakteristik sekolah berupa masalah dengan guru, masalah dengan teman, dan jarak tidak berpengaruh signifikan, sedangkan teman putus sekolah berpengaruh signifikan secara statistik terhadap keputusan anak putus sekolah.

scholarly journals Persepsi Orang Tua terhadap Remaja Putus Sekolah

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-76
Author(s):  
Nofrialdi Nofrialdi
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
High School Dropout ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Perceptions Of Education ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Out Of School

The number of teenagers who drop out of school in Jorong Kampung Baru, South Solok Regency is not only from the teenagers themselves but also from their parents. This is caused by the lack of attention, the poor response of parents to adolescents who go to school and the encouragement from parents to continue their children's education to a higher level. The objectives to be achieved in this study are to describe parents' perceptions of education, parents' perceptions of teenagers dropping out of school and the factors of teenagers dropping out of school. This study uses field research methods, in the form of descriptive field research. The informants of this study were parents of high school dropout teenagers in Jorong Kampung Baru, South Solok Regency. The data was obtained through observation and in-depth interviews

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