Best Available Evidence or Truth for the Moment: Bias in Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Kristine L. Florczak
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment

The subject of this column is the nature of bias in both quantitative and qualitative research. To that end, bias will be defined and then both the processes by which it enters into research will be entertained along with discussions on how to ameliorate this problem.

scholarly journals Students’ Motivations in Choosing English as Additional Course in SMAN 1 Bengkulu

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-215
Author(s):  
Rama Dahlia ◽  
Mulyadi . ◽  
Mei Hardiah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
The Subject

The type of this research is Descriptive Quantitative and Qualitative research. It is aimed to find out the motivation which make students in XII Social 6 choose English as an additional subject course and to find out the highest motivation which make students in XII Social 6 choose English as an additional subject course. The subject of this study is the students in class XII social 6 SMAN 1 Kota Bengkulu. In this research, the researcher collected the data by using questionnaire. Then, the data obtained from the questionnaires will be analyzed using SPSS program. The data concerning subjects’ general background as well as their comments will be calculated and presented in percentage. A Likert scale will be used to measure the level and type of subjects’ learning motivation. According to table that the researcher used to analyze extrinsic and intrinsic motivation of students in choosing English as additional subject, the researcher got the result that show the extrinsic motivation is the highest reason chosen by the students when they chose English as their additional subject course at school than intrinsic motivation. It can be seen from the calculation scores of students intrinsic and extrinsic motivation that showed the total of mean score for extrinsic motivation is 47.5 and the total mean score for intrinsic motivation is 46.62. There are several extrinsic motivation from the students, for example the students prepare to learn English because they want to continue the study or get the works, go abroad and want to try to communicate with the foreigner.

scholarly journals Wielowarstwowość pokładów muzyki hardrockowej/heavymetalowej w zasobach „Tylko Rocka”

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Artur Mariusz Trudzik
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Media Studies ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Metal Music ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Source Materials

Multilayering hardrock/heavymetal music in „Only Rock” resources This article is composed of two parts. The first discusses the role of metal hardrock music (broadly understood) in the structure of the most opinion-making music magazine after 1989, ie „Only Rock”, and in the second study focused on analyzing the content of the monthly magazine in terms of title genres, but in the optics of genology. The text uses existing statistical data, studies and, of course, source materials. Methodologically and substantively – in a narrower sense, the publication encompasses two new streams: Metal Music Studies (humanistic) and Journalism and Music Media (social sciences, media studies), and in broader terms quantitative and qualitative research (including structural analysis). The research showed that metal music was a constitutive aspect of the subject matter in a strictly formal rock writing, and even some of the leading elements.

scholarly journals Indonesian Language Learning with Structural Analitic Sintetic (Sas) Method for 1st Grade Student in Brilliant Integrated Islamic Elementary School of Mojoagung

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Faridahtul Alifah ◽  
Haris Supratno ◽  
Desty Dwi Rochmania
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Grade Student ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Good Score ◽  
The Subject

The focus in this research is learning Indonesian with Synthetic Analytical Structural (SAS) method. The main purpose of this research was to improve participant’s knowledge about Indonesian with SAS method. It used pretest and posttest to know the effect of SAS method in learning Indonesian and use the result as the main indicator. It used quantitative and qualitative research design. The subject of this research is the first grade students and teachers of SDIT Brilliant, Mojoagung, Jombang joining. There were two meetings conducted. The instruments used in each meetings was consisted of observation sheet of participants activity, study record, interview, and documentation. The researh showed that there was a significant effect of using SAS method to learn Indonesian on Tematic 5, subtheme 1, at the second meeting. It is shown from the pretest which get 70,2%, categorized as enough and the posttest get 85,8%, categorized as excellent. Based on the data, it can be concluded that learning Indonesian with SAS method have a good impact on students performance and it is proven with the good score as the outcomes. Keywords : Indonesian subjects, Synthetic Analytical Structural (SAS) method.

TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION OF NARRATIVE TEXT TO THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi Br Bukit ◽  
Berlin Sibarani ◽  
Rika Rika
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Academic Year

This study aims at describing how the teachers teach reading comprehension of narrative text to the tenth grade students in Sibolangit and revealing the underlying reasons of why do they do that way. This study was conducted by using qualitative research design. The subject of this study were two english teachers who taught at tenth grade students of two SMA in Sibolangit they are : SMA Negeri  1 Sibolangit  and SMA RK Deli Murni Bandar Baru in academic year 2016/ 2017. The data were analyzed by using Miles and Huberman data analysis technique. The  technique of collecting the data was recorded from the classroom process in teaching reading comprehension of narrative text. The findings of the study show that most of teachers’ ways are not yet focusing on teaching reading comprehension but rather focusing teaching the knowledge of genre. The underlying reason of the teachers’ ways in teaching reading comprehension did not facilitate reading comprehension. It was due to the misperception of the concept of teaching reading comprehension.  Keywords : Teaching,Reading Comprehension,Narrative Text.

Crimes against marriage and family before Criminal Code 1968

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
Lidia Peneva
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Code ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Structural Point

Crimes against marriage and family are a particular group of social relation­ships that the law has defended properly in view of the high public significance and value they enjoy. At the moment they are regulated in Chapter VI, Section I, of the specific part of the Penal Code the Repub­lic of Bulgaria. The subject matter of this Statement will, however, be the legisla­tive provisions concerning these criminal­ized acts in retrospect. The purpose of the study is to show by historical method and through the comparatively legal method the development of these criminal groups during the periods of various criminal laws in Bulgaria. This will also provide a basis for reflection on possible de lege ferenda proposals. This report from a structural point of view will be divided into three distinct points, marking each of the penal laws in the Republic of Bulgaria, which were in force before 1968.

Divergent Principles of Politeness in Verbal and Non-Verbal Directive Speech Act

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Lindayana ◽  
Arifuddin ◽  
Halus Mandala
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Data Source ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Directive Speech ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

This study was conducted aiming at examining: (1) the divergent principles of politeness in students’ directive speech act (2) factors affecting politeness and impoliteness in verbal and non-verbal directive speech act produced by students at grade X in Senior High School 1 Mataram in the learning process. The subject of this study are teachers teaching Bahasa Indonesia, English, Economy, History, Math, Religion, Civic, and Science, and all students at Grade X of Science 1, Science 3 and Social 2 in Senior High School 1 Mataram. This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The data source in this study is the number of utterances produced by students and teachers in the learning process. The data were collected through observation. This study revealed that: (1) there were divergent principles of politeness in participants’ directive speech act namely single and multiple divergent principles of politeness affected by speaker intentionally accused addressees, intentionally uttered by neglecting the context, was protective to other arguments, showed emotional feeling, given critiques in impolite words and mocked at other; and (2) there were factors affecting politeness and impoliteness in verbal and non-verbal directive speech act produced by students in learning process namely linguistic factor and non-linguistic factor.

scholarly journals Cartilage Injuries and Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis in the Wrist: A Review

Cartilage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 194760352110219
Author(s):  
Jonny K. Andersson ◽  
Elisabet Hagert ◽  
Mats Brittberg
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Radius Fractures ◽  
Osteochondral Autograft ◽  
Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis ◽  
Osteochondral Repair ◽  
Chondrocyte Implantation ◽  
Cartilage Injuries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Cartilage

Objective: Focal cartilage injuries, and posttraumatic osteoarthritis (OA) in the wrist are likely common and a cause of wrist pain. To estimate the incidence of cartilage lesions and to understand the pathomechanisms leading to wrist cartilage injuries and OA, a literature review on the subject was performed combined with a presentation of one of the authors’ own experience. Design: This study includes a literature review of the topic. As a comparison to the review findings, the observations of one of the authors’ consecutive 48 wrist arthroscopies, were assessed. PubMed, Scholar, and Cochrane databases were searched using the keywords “cartilage injury AND wrist AND treatment” and “wrist AND cartilage AND chondral AND osteochondral AND degenerative OA.” :Result A total of 11 articles, including 9 concerning chondral and osteochondral repair and treatment and 2 regarding posttraumatic OA, were retrieved. The cartilage repair treatments used in these articles were drilling, osteochondral autograft, juvenile articular cartilage allograft, and chondrocyte implantation. One article displayed concomitant cartilage injuries in displaced distal radius fractures in 32% of the patients. The review of our findings from a 1-year cohort of wrist arthroscopies showed 17% cartilage injuries. Conclusion: There is a lack of knowledge in current literature on cartilage injuries and treatment, as well as posttraumatic OA in the wrist. Cartilage injuries appear to be common, being found in 17% to 32% of all wrist arthroscopies after trauma, but no guidelines regarding conservative or surgical treatment can be recommended at the moment. Larger prospective comparative studies are needed.

Engagement in language learning: A systematic review of 20 years of research methods and definitions

2021 ◽  
pp. 136216882110012
Author(s):  
Phil Hiver ◽  
Ali H. Al-Hoorie ◽  
Joseph P. Vitta ◽  
Janice Wu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Learner Engagement ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Active Learner

At the turn of the new millennium, in an article published in Language Teaching Research in 2000, Dörnyei and Kormos proposed that ‘active learner engagement is a key concern’ for all instructed language learning. Since then, language engagement research has increased exponentially. In this article, we present a systematic review of 20 years of language engagement research. To ensure robust coverage, we searched 21 major journals on second language acquisition (SLA) and applied linguistics and identified 112 reports satisfying our inclusion criteria. The results of our analysis of these reports highlighted the adoption of heterogeneous methods and conceptual frameworks in the language engagement literature, as well as indicating a need to refine the definitions and operationalizations of engagement in both quantitative and qualitative research. Based on these findings, we attempted to clarify some lingering ambiguity around fundamental definitions, and to more clearly delineate the scope and target of language engagement research. We also discuss future avenues to further advance understanding of the nature, mechanisms, and outcomes resulting from engagement in language learning.

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