The value of and values in the work of teachers in Estonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva Kesküla ◽  
Krista Loogma
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Value System ◽  
Material Recognition ◽  
Anthropological Theory ◽  
Societal Value ◽  
The Status ◽  
Theory Of Value ◽  
A Site

This article considers how the status of teachers relates to a changing value system, and how the perceived worth of a profession depends on the values its practitioners carry. The article analyses the work of teachers as both productive and reproductive, needing both material and non-material recognition. It argues that in times of radical social change, social groups struggle to determine what value is. The rapid introduction of a neoliberal market economy in Estonia has created a situation where teachers’ labour becomes a site of contestation determining what values prevail in society. Based on 24 semi-structured life history interviews, this article combines theories of the value of labour, of professionalism and the anthropological theory of value to argue for the key role that teachers play during rapid change to a societal value regime.

Psychological nature of intelligence officer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
P. Yu. Naumov ◽  
F. V. Povshednaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Value System ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Method Analysis

Introduction. Based on modern social trends, the demand becomes not only for professionally trained people, but also for the level of their general culture, value system and, ultimately, intelligence. At the same time, there is no place for intellectuals and educating intellectuals in program documents on educational activities, although this task is very logical for the pedagogical practice of a developed society. This work presents the experience of the author's analysis of the psychological nature of the intelligence of an officer. Consistently considering the essence and structure of such a complex phenomenon, the structure and the real functioning of the values that allow characterizing the subject as an intellectual are ascertained.Materials and methods. As the main research methodology, the authors use sociological (I.S. Kon), culturological adapted to solve the problems of this work (M.S. Kagan), historiographic (A.V. Popov), systemic (I.V. Blauberg, V.A. Lektersky, V.N. Sadovsky, S.L. Rubinstein, M.S. Kagan, N.V. Kuzmina) and functional approaches (P.K. Anokhin, M.S. Kagan, N. Wiener). The main research methods were: hypothetical-deductive method; analysis, synthesis, comparison, analogy and abstraction; systemic method and modeling.Results. The result of the study is that the authors identified and justified the structural psychological qualities of intelligence as the subjective characteristics of an officer and examined the basic mechanisms of formation of intellectual values.Discussion and Conclusions. The required criteria for being intelligent as a  subject characteristics of an officer is the level of education (self education)of an officer, his manners, the scope of his values , existential assessment –correlating every fact he faces with general life-span problems of objective reality, having respect for values of others and being ready for talk to employees and  superiors as well as the representatives of other social groups, other cultures, nationalities, confessions and professions which requires dialog in search of optimal forms and options of interaction. The cornerstone principle for intelligence of the officer are, therefore, his education and upbringing, ideological conviction in his own values and readiness for self-sacrifice for their sake.

Conclusion: Rethinking Punishment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Fassin
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ideal Language ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Ideal

If punishment is not what we say it is, if it is not justified by the reasons we invoke, if it facilitates repeat offenses instead of preventing them, if it punishes in excess of the seriousness of the act, if it sanctions according to the status of the offender rather than to the gravity of the offense, if it targets social groups defined beforehand as punishable, and if it contributes to producing and reproducing disparities, then does it not itself precisely undermine the social order? And must we not start to rethink punishment, not only in the ideal language of philosophy and law but also in the uncomfortable reality of social inequality and political violence?

Doing Fieldwork in the Andamans

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Zehmisch
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Andaman Islands ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Political Space ◽  
Anthropological Theory ◽  
Local Perception ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
A Site

Chapter 2 contextualizes the Andaman Islands as a fieldwork location. It has two major objectives: First, it serves to introduce the reader to the Andamans as a geographical, ecological, and political space and as a site of imagination. This representation of the islands concentrates on the interplay of discourses and policies which have shaped their global, national, and local perception as well as the everyday life of the Andaman population. Second, the chapter underlines the conflation of anthropological theory, fieldwork, and biographical transformations. It demonstrates how recent theoretical trends and paradigm shifts in global and academic discourse have become enmeshed with the author’s experiences in and perceptions of the field. Elaborating on these intricate personal and professional ‘spectacles’ of the fieldworker, the author thus contextualizes the subjective conditions inherent in the production of ethnography as a type of literature.

scholarly journals Sexuality politics on the football field: queering the field in Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Deniz Nihan Aktan
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Political Opposition ◽  
Value System ◽  
Sexual Boundaries ◽  
Queer Communities ◽  
Football Field ◽  
A Site

Abstract Focusing on queer-identified amateur football teams, this article investigates the potentials of the mobilities and alliances of gender non-conforming footballing people to disrupt the seemingly effortless structure of the football field. While football is arguably one of the sports with the strongest discriminatory attitudes toward gender non-conforming people, it has also become a site of resistance for queers in Turkey as of 2015. How political opposition groups relate to the football field, which is mostly considered as a male-dominant and heterosexualized space where social norms are reproduced, are classified into three groups in my research: resistance through, against, and for football. I give particular attention to the category “resistance for football” as a distinctive way for gender non-conforming people to inhabit the field. I discuss how the link between sexual and spatial orientations shapes the domain of what a body can do, both in terms of normativity and capacity, and I explore what these teams offer in order to exceed spatial and sexual boundaries. Lastly, I present recent queer interventions in the value system of the game through which I reflect upon the concept of “queer commons” and the processes of bonding, belonging, and border-making in queer communities.

The Labour of Laziness in Twentieth-Century American Literature

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzanna Ladyga
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
American Literature ◽  
Ernest Hemingway ◽  
Gertrude Stein ◽  
Value System ◽  
John Barth ◽  
The Status ◽  
Twentieth Century American Literature ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Historical Moment

The Labour of Laziness in Twentieth-Century American Literature focuses on the issue of productivity, using the figure of laziness to negotiate the relation between the ethical and the aesthetic. This book argues that major twentieth-century American writers such as Gertrude Stein, Ernest Hemingway, John Barth, Donald Barthelme and David Foster Wallace provocatively challenge the ethos of productivity by filtering their ethical interventions through culturally stigmatised imagery of laziness. Ladyga argues that when the motif of laziness appears, it invariably reveals the underpinnings of an emerging value system at a given historical moment, while at the same time offering a glimpse into the strategies of rebelling against the status quo

scholarly journals The Material Value of Flags: Politics and Space in Northern Ireland

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
Dominic Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Political Identities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civic Spaces ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Way

This article examines the way in which the availability of cheaply produced polyester flags has changed the symbolic landscape in the public places of Northern Ireland. The “tradition” of flying flags to express identity is common throughout the world and an important feature of an annual marking of residential and civic spaces in Northern Ireland. Such displays have been a consistent part of the reproduction of political identities through commemoration and the marking of territory. However, the availability of cheaply produced textiles has led to a change in the way the displays take place, the development of a range of new designs and helped sustain the control of areas by particular paramilitary groups. It highlights how the “symbolic capital” of the national flags can be used by different social groups having implication on the status and value of the symbol.

Public Information Service for the Disadvantaged in China’s Towns

2013 ◽  
pp. 182-199
Author(s):  
Jianbin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Group Distribution

This study uses the methods of questionnaire and group discussion to conduct field research in A and B towns, which are located in the eastern developed region and the western undeveloped region of China, respectively. According to comparative study on the status of providing public information service for the disadvantaged between A and B towns, the author finds that the public in A town are superior to the ones in B in terms of information literacy, public information service expenditure, and satisfaction rate of public information service. Similarities exist in terms of differences in accessing public information service between town and village, among social groups, and the causes resulting in imbalance of public information service and features of the information-poor’s group distribution. The author discusses the differences in development policies between city and village, as well as differences in financial investment of public information service, education, and individual’s income level between A and B towns.

Poverty Reduction in Nigeria Using Information Technology

2013 ◽  
pp. 207-219
Author(s):  
R. O. Akinyede ◽  
O. K. Boyinbode ◽  
B. K. Alese
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
The Status ◽  
National Power

According to a UNDP Report (1998), about 54% of Africa’s population is estimated to live in absolute poverty. Currently in Nigeria, rapid change and vigorous development in information technology (IT) is occurring, changing Nigerians’ way of life, as well as the country’s economic strength, national power, and international competitiveness. The status of a country or nation in the global political and economic framework depends on the general rule of the development and progress of IT. With development and innovation going hand in hand and knowledge becoming one of the most important factors in determining standard of living, most advanced economies and companies today are those that play the knowledge card as a tool to drive development. Therefore, in this paper, the authors examine the categories, causes, and effects of poverty and how poverty reduction can be achieved in Nigeria with information technology (IT).

Poverty Reduction in Nigeria Using Information Technology

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
R. O. Akinyede ◽  
O. K. Boyinbode ◽  
B. K. Alese
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
The Status ◽  
National Power

According to a UNDP Report (1998), about 54% of Africa’s population is estimated to live in absolute poverty. Currently in Nigeria, rapid change and vigorous development in information technology (IT) is occurring, changing Nigerians’ way of life, as well as the country’s economic strength, national power, and international competitiveness. The status of a country or nation in the global political and economic framework depends on the general rule of the development and progress of IT. With development and innovation going hand in hand and knowledge becoming one of the most important factors in determining standard of living, most advanced economies and companies today are those that play the knowledge card as a tool to drive development. Therefore, in this paper, the authors examine the categories, causes, and effects of poverty and how poverty reduction can be achieved in Nigeria with information technology (IT).

Public Information Service for the Disadvantaged in China's Towns

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jianbin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Group Distribution

This study uses the methods of questionnaire and group discussion to conduct field research in A and B towns, which are located in the eastern developed region and the western undeveloped region of China, respectively. According to comparative study on the status of providing public information service for the disadvantaged between A and B towns, the author finds that the public in A town are superior to the ones in B in terms of information literacy, public information service expenditure, and satisfaction rate of public information service. Similarities exist in terms of differences in accessing public information service between town and village, among social groups, and the causes resulting in imbalance of public information service and features of the information-poor’s group distribution. The author discusses the differences in development policies between city and village, as well as differences in financial investment of public information service, education, and individual’s income level between A and B towns.

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