Rethinking the Role of Research Universities in Economic Development

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Lindenstein Walshok
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Research University ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
University Of California ◽  
The University ◽  
Industry Relations ◽  
University Industry

In this article, Mary Walshok offers a new way of thinking about university–industry relations. She argues that there is a need to support simultaneously ‘basic’ research and to establish institutional mechanisms which make knowledge more accessible and useful to economic development. Rather than advocating, as some have, that universities pursue a more ‘applied’ research agenda, she emphasizes the vital role basic research plays in technology–driven economic development and provides a description of a university–industry programme, CONNECT, which is successfully making knowledge linkages vital to economic development in the context of a leading US research university, the University of California, San Diego.

The Uses of the University: After Fifty Years

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-479
Author(s):  
Michael A. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Research University ◽  
The United States ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Clark Kerr ◽  
To Come ◽  
The University

It is now almost a half century since Clark Kerr (1911–2003) delivered the 1963 Edwin L. Godkin Lectures at Harvard University, presenting what was ultimately recognized as one of the most significant and influential ruminations on the nature of higher education in the United States. This sustained reflection on the modern evolution of the research university, ultimately published by Harvard University Press as The Uses of the University (1963), framed discussion and debate regarding the role of what Kerr called “the multiversity” for decades to come. In this endeavor, there was no one at the time better suited to the task. An economist who had served for several years on the faculty at the University of Washington, Seattle, Kerr joined the University of California, Berkeley, in 1945. Appointed Berkeley's first chancellor in 1952, he was the mastermind behind the enormous expansion (in both capacity and excellence) that marked the campus's immediate postwar history. By 1958, as the then legendary Robert Gordon Sproul concluded his 28-year duty as University of California (UC) president, Kerr seemed the obvious and best choice as successor.

scholarly journals Fundamental Sciences and Fundamental Medicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Zueva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Status

An analytic paper discusses current understanding of the status and the role of fundamental and applied research and specifically of medical science for the socio-economic development of society. The related concept of scientific development is presented; classification and definitions used by UNESCO and other international and national organizations of different countries including the Russian Federation are given. The unique role of medicine science that is mostly related to the category of strategic basic research and is aimed at understanding the fundamental basis of applied ultimate goal is debated. Research is now recognized as a major component of innovation and the key to the development of modern society. Attention is drawn to the fact that future breakthrough technologies grow from today’s innovative ideas and achievements of fundamental and applied sciences. The fact that the funding of applied research provides tangible benefits in the short term is determined to be significant. At the same time sustainable public investment in basic research (seemed to be unprofitable) is a crucial factor for the socio-economic development of any country and a reasonable measure in the long term.

From Regional Teacher Training College to Research University

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seppo Hölttä
Keyword(s):  
Research University ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Academic Excellence ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Teacher Training College ◽  
The University ◽  
Eastern Finland

The University of Joenssu is located in eastern Finland, in a province which faces significant development challenges. The paper traces the changing structure and role of the University since its foundation in 1969, focusing on the measures it has taken to increase collaboration with local industry and encourage entrepreneurial activity. At the heart of the University's strategy is the need to sustain academic excellence in research and teaching while fulfilling a vital role in the development of its local region.

Tertiary English-majored Students’ Perceptions toward the Role of Pronunciation in English Language Learning and their Practicing Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-279
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
English Language Learning ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
The University

Accurate pronunciation has a vital role in English language learning as it can help learners to avoid misunderstanding in communication. However, EFL learners in many contexts, especially at the University of Phan Thiet, still encounter many difficulties in pronouncing English correctly. Therefore, this study endeavors to explore English-majored students’ perceptions towards the role of pronunciation in English language learning and examine their pronunciation practicing strategies (PPS). It involved 155 English-majored students at the University of Phan Thiet who answered closed-ended questionnaires and 18 English-majored students who participated in semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that students strongly believed in the important role of pronunciation in English language learning; however, they sometimes employed PPS for their pronunciation improvement. Furthermore, the results showed that participants tended to use naturalistic practicing strategies and formal practicing strategies with sounds, but they overlooked strategies such as asking for help and cooperating with peers. Such findings could contribute further to the understanding of how students perceive the role of pronunciation and their PPS use in the research’s context and other similar ones. Received 10th June 2019; Revised 12th March 2020; Accepted 12th April 2020

Innovative Players in Economic Development in Europe

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Mitra ◽  
Piero Formica
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Commercial Sector ◽  
Entrepreneurial Universities ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
History Of University ◽  
Development Unit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Knowledge And Technology Transfer ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry

This article analyses the behaviour of ‘learning’ companies and ‘entrepreneurial’ universities in the context of the territorial and business ecosystems of innovation in which they are involved. Against a background of the fundamental differences between the higher education and the commercial sector, and the history of university—industry cooperation in Europe, the characteristics of territorial ecosystems for innovation (TEIs) are set out and the holistic, networking and interactive models of knowledge and technology transfer are discussed. This analysis provides a conceptual framework for the successful development of territorial ecosystems of innovation which are identified as crucial for future successful European socio-economic development. As concrete examples of activities which contribute towards this end, the authors offer brief case studies of the Economic Development Unit and Innovation Centre at the University of North London and the London Technopole Initiative.

scholarly journals The university-industry relationship under diferent approaches: the entrepreneurial university to academic capitalism

Educação ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Evandro Coggo Cristofoletti ◽  
Milena Pavan Serafim
Keyword(s):  
Academic Capitalism ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Industry Relationship ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
University Industry

The economic and political changes in the world, from the 1970s, changed the political education of the Public Institutions of Higher Education in the world. The direction of these changes was clear: the university approachedthe market and the company and created interaction mechanisms that did not exist. The article therefore reviews the academic literature that interprets the relationship between university and market/company from two perspectives: approaches that positively position of interactions, exposing their motivations, interests and forms of interaction, especially the notions on Knowledge Economy and Entrepreneurial University; approaches that observe this interaction critically and reflectively, exposing the problems of interaction, its negative aspects and the reflection of the true role of the public university from the perspective of Academic Capitalism.

scholarly journals A proposed strategy for the optimal use of databases and statistical data collection tools to enhance the strategic plan of the Islamic University: استراتيجية مقترحة للاستخدام الأمثل لقواعد البيانات وأدوات جمع البيانات الإحصائية لتعزيز الخطة الاستراتيجية للجامعة الإسلامية

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Mahmoud Emara, Ehab Ibrahim Mohamed Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
University Employees ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
The University ◽  
Future Plans

The databases and data collection tools are a fundamental pillar of strategic planning, especially in the higher education sector. The Islamic University has been interested in achieving ambitious strategic plans and at the same time designing databases and data collection tools to support the decision- making process. So that, this study aimed at presenting a proposed strategy for the optimal use of databases and statistical data collection tools to enhance the strategic plan of the Islamic University. The importance of this strategy is that it plays an essential role in promoting the university's current strategic plan and at the same time it will be an appropriate tool for designing the future plans of the university. The study relied on the descriptive and analytical statistical approach as a framework for the applied and field study. where we designed a strategy supportive of the strategic plan of the Islamic University, and has developed a set of hypotheses associated with the vital role of databases to promote the basic plan the strategy of the Islamic University, the feasibility of the proposed strategy and its benefit, and the extent of satisfaction of the beneficiaries of this strategy, and that exists compatibility in rai of employees of the Islamic University and the views of employers on the proposed strategic plan. The result of study appeared that the average of the opinions of university employees and employers about the proposed strategy and its benefit. The study recommended the necessity of applying the proposed strategy while expanding the integration of databases and data collection tools within the strategic planning requirements of the university and there are need to develop existing databases or create new rules to meet the strategic planning requirements.

scholarly journals Magyar Imre orvosprofesszor mint abszolút pedagógus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Árpád Hudra
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Inaugural Address ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
Internal Medicine Clinic ◽  
The University

Imre Magyar, the last great representative of the Korányi School, who was appointed as the director and professor of the Internal Medicine Clinic I of the Budapest University of Medicine in 1965, emphasised in his inaugural address that from the three closely intertwined functions of the university clinic, i.e. patient care, research and medical training and education, he considers the latter the most important. The study intends to present that Imre Magyar, as an absolute educator, pursued this objective until his retirement in 1980. In his inaugural address he regarded lectures given by teachers of higher calibre with the intention to teach students medical thinking as one of the most important components of education. He even looked at lectures rather as seminars, never forgetting to make presentations on patients. Textbooks were meant for home education. Magyar, however, also “provided assistance” with this for medical students. His functional holistic thinking made it possible that medicine as specialised sciences be once again summarised as a uniform internal medicine dealing with the whole individual in his textbooks co-written by Petrányi and used in medical training for decades. Making a concrete connection with the patient, appropriate verbal and metacommunications, empathy, understanding and showing appropriate medical behaviour were, in his view, prerequisites for becoming a doctor. That is why he was concerned about the function of the doctor’s character in healing, and conducted investigations also described in this study on several occasions in relation with the cultivation of medical students. That is why Imre Magyar, who saw the big picture of education, emphasised the vital role of literature, arts and music in a doctor’s life.

scholarly journals Assimilation or Integration: the role of self-affirmation values

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Ryabichenko
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Research University ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Academic Excellence ◽  
Refined Theory ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Acculturation Strategies

This study examines the role of ethnic minorities’ values in preferences for different acculturation strategies. We used Berry’s bidimensional model of acculturation, and Schwartz’s refined theory of 19 basic values. We hypothesized that individual values associate with acculturation preferences of ethnic minorities’. The sample consisted of two groups of adolescents, Russians and Poles, aged from 15 to 21 years old (N = 298). Using k-means clustering we assigned participants in four acculturation clusters: in- tegration, assimilation, marginalization, and separation. Profiles, which correspond to the four Schwartz higher-order values across clusters and groups, were compared through ANOVA measures. The analysis has shown that participants in the assimilation cluster scored significantly higher on Self-Enhancement than participants in the integration cluster. The article was prepared within the framework of the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) and supported within the framework of a subsidy by the Russian Academic Excellence Project '5-100'.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document