Design of combined brake system for light weight scooters

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110240
Author(s):  
Yuan-Ting Lin ◽  
Chyuan-Yow Tseng ◽  
Jao-Hwa Kuang ◽  
Yeong-Maw Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Good Agreement

The combined brake system (CBS) is a mechanism that links the front and rear brakes for scooters. For two-wheeled scooters, a CBS with appropriate braking force distribution can reduce the risk of crashing accidents due to insufficient driving proficiency. The design of the braking force distribution for a CBS is challenging to the designer because it has to fulfill many requirements such as braking performance, ride comfort, reliability, and low costs. This paper proposes a systematic method to optimize the parameters of CBS. The evaluation indexes for the design are first discussed. The steps to determine the critical parameter to meet the indexes and a method to predict braking performance are developed. Finally, driving tests are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results showed that the deceleration of the tested scooter equipped with the designed CBS achieves an average mean fully developed deceleration (MFDD) of 5.246 m/s2, higher than the homologation requirement. Furthermore, the proposed method’s prediction of braking performance is in good agreement with the test results, with errors <1%.

scholarly journals Car braking effectiveness after adaptation for drivers with motor dysfunctions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 617-623
Author(s):  
Adam Sowiński ◽  
Tomasz Szczepański ◽  
Grzegorz Koralewski
Keyword(s):  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Mathematical Function ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Braking System ◽  
System Adaptation ◽  
Parametric Description ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This article presents the results of measurements of the braking efficiency of vehicles adapted to be operated by drivers with motor dysfunctions. In such cars, the braking system is extended with an adaptive device that allows braking with the upper limb. This device applies pressure to the original brake in the car. The braking force and thus its efficiency depend on the mechanical ratio in the adapting device. In addition, braking performance depends on the sensitivity of the car’s original braking system and the maximum force that a disabled person can exert on the handbrake lever. Such a person may have limited power in the upper limbs. The force exerted by the driver can also be influenced by the position of the driver’s seat in relation to the handbrake lever. This article describes the research aimed at understanding the influence of the above-mentioned factors on the car braking performance. As a part of the analysis of the test results, a mathematical function was proposed that allows a parametric description of the braking efficiency index on the basis of data on the braking system, adaptation device, driver’s motor limitations, and the position of the driver’s seat. The information presented in this article can be used for the preliminary selection of adaptive devices to the needs of a given driver with a disability and to the vehicle construction.

Experimental Investigation of Vacuum Brake System Performance in Light Commercial Vehicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Anbalagan ◽  
J. Jancirani
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Stopping Distance ◽  
Braking Force

This paper presents experimental investigation of braking performance of vacuum brake system for light commercial vehicles. The vacuum brake system uses a compressor for creating vacuum and requires less driver effort compared to the conventional brake system. In this work various components of vacuum brake system are designed and fabricated and then installed in Maruti Omni vehicle for performance testing. The stopping distance, braking force and braking efficiency are analysed for vacuum brake system.

Key Factors Effect on Vehicle Braking Performance Based on Nonlinear 3DOF Vehicle Dynamic Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 439-440 ◽  
pp. 950-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jun Zhang ◽  
Rui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Coefficient ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Rear Axle ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Vehicle Mass ◽  
Moment Distribution ◽  
Braking Torque ◽  
Braking Force

3DOF nonlinear braking dynamic model considering tire-road adhesion characteristics was established, and non-dimensional equations were gained from the above mathematic models by using braking torque coefficient, front and rear axle equivalent inertia coefficients and braking force distribution coefficient. Based on the numerical calculation in Matlab-Simulink software, the effect of key factors, (including vehicle mass and vehicle gravity center position variation, frontal and rear braking force distribution coefficient, and frontal and rear axle inertial variation caused by driven mode) on vehicle braking performance, such as braking distance and wheel lockup status, was investigated and summarized. Several 3D visualizations of the simulation results show that variation of vehicle center of gravity, vehicle mass, braking moment distribution, wheel equivalent inertia due to driveline, can cause quite complex effect. It can be assumed that the gained results in this study can help to improve vehicle braking performance and enhance braking stability.

Evaluation Method about Braking Force Utilization

2013 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 910-914
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Cheng Ye Liu
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Adhesion Coefficient ◽  
The Road ◽  
High Adhesion ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
On The Road

For the braking performance investigated when vehicle was on the road of different road adhesion coefficient, the match of ideal braking force distribution curves of front and rear wheels and front and rear arresters was studied. The concept of braking performance to reflect "braking force utilization" was introduced.The braking force utilization algorithm came out depending on the different matches. A light bus was chosen as an example. Vehicle braking performance under different road adhesion coefficient was studied in detail.At the same time, vehicle braking performance under different matches was studied with braking force distribution value changed. The results indicate that, braking force utilization appears first increased and then decreased with the increase of road adhesion coefficient.Along with the increase of braking force distribution value,the braking force utilization decreased on low adhesion coefficient road,then increased on high adhesion coefficient road.The method could evaluate the braking performance on the road of different road adhesion coefficient efficiently.

Dynamic Control of Braking-Force Distribution as Turning Braking

2014 ◽  
Vol 607 ◽  
pp. 431-434
Author(s):  
Dong Sheng Xia ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
Hui He
Keyword(s):  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Braking Process ◽  
Dynamic Braking

The Braking-force distribution on the left and right wheels is a key factor influencing the braking performance of vehicles at a corner. To promote the braking stability and the control ability at the turning-braking process, a new method based on the steering-angle feedforward control principle was proposed to realize dynamic braking-force distribution on the left and right wheels. A vehicle model of three wheels with two freedom degrees was established. Computer simulation of the turning-braking process with dynamic distribution control was carried out. The simulated results show that the difference between the actual yaw rate and the ideal one is significantly reduced at the period of braking being effective. It is validated that the method can effectively improve the braking stability and the control ability of vehicles at the turning-braking process.

The Car Brake System Design and Calculation

2013 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 340-343
Author(s):  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Coefficient ◽  
System Design ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Drive Mechanism ◽  
Hydraulic Brake ◽  
Braking Torque ◽  
Braking Force

Calculation of car brake system design, also according to the known automotive related parameters is obtained by calculating the main parameters. The brake and braking torque, braking moment and braking force distribution coefficient and hydraulic brake drive mechanism related parameters. Finally, the braking performances are analyzed in detail.

scholarly journals A Design Method for a Variable Combined Brake System for Motorcycles Applying the Adaptive Control Method

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Yuan-Ting Lin ◽  
Chyuan-Yow Tseng ◽  
Jao-Hwa Kuang ◽  
Yeong-Maw Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Parameter Matching ◽  
Maximum Deceleration ◽  
Wide Variation Range

The variable combined brake system (VCBS) is a mechanism for motorcycles to simultaneously activate the front and rear brake systems by using one brake lever or pedal. The purpose is to reduce the risk of rollover accidents due to misuse of the front brake when panic braking. Due to its ability in a wide variation range of braking force distribution (BFD) ratios between the front and rear wheels, the VCBS can simultaneously achieve high braking effort and driving comfort performances, provided that the BFD ratio is designed appropriately. This paper aimed to develop the design method for the VCBS. A mathematical model of the VCBS mechanism is derived, and a parameter matching design method that applies adaptive control theory is proposed. A prototype of VCBS is designed and built based on the proposed method. The straight-line braking test results show that the motorcycle equipped with the VCBS prototype effectively obtained a high braking performance in deceleration. The obtained maximum deceleration is an average of 6.37 m/s2 (0.65 g) under an average handbrake lever force of 154.29 N. For front brake failure, maximum deceleration is obtained at an average of 3.38 m/s2 (0.34 g), which is higher than the homologation requirement of 2.9 m/s2.

scholarly journals Review on the Development, Control Method and Application Prospect of Brake-by-Wire Actuator

Actuators ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiang Gong ◽  
Weiguo Ge ◽  
Juan Yan ◽  
Yiwei Zhang ◽  
Xiangyu Gongye
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Braking Force

This paper reviews and summarizes the development, key technologies, and application of brake-by-wire (BBW) actuators. BBW is the technology orientation of future vehicle brake system. The main feature of BBW is to replace some of the mechanical and hydraulic components of traditional brake system with electronic control components, and use cables and wires to transmit energy and signals. BBW actuators have outstanding advantages, such as fast response, accurate control, and compact structure. They are easy to integrate with active safety functions and they are easily matched with the regenerative braking systems of electric vehicle. First, this paper summarizes the classification, characteristics, performance, and architecture of BBW actuators. Subsequently, the braking process regulation of vehicle is considered to be the main target, which is summarized from two aspects of actuator regulation and braking force distribution. The state estimation algorithm and control algorithm applied to these actuators are summarized and analyzed, and the development trend, challenges, and schemes of the braking force distribution are proposed. The development and research trend of braking force match strategies between the regenerative brake system and BBW system are also analyzed and summarized. The further electrification and intelligence of vehicle demand BBW’s braking force control method and distribution method must have higher control accuracy, stronger robustness, and wider adaptability, and the effects on braking comfort and handling stability must be further discussed.

scholarly journals Car braking effectiveness after adaptation for drivers with motor dysfunctions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 617-623
Author(s):  
Adam Sowiński ◽  
Tomasz Szczepański ◽  
Grzegorz Koralewski
Keyword(s):  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Mathematical Function ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Braking System ◽  
System Adaptation ◽  
Parametric Description ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This article presents the results of measurements of the braking efficiency of vehicles adapted to be operated by drivers with motor dysfunctions. In such cars, the braking system is extended with an adaptive device that allows braking with the upper limb. This device applies pressure to the original brake in the car. The braking force and thus its efficiency depend on the mechanical ratio in the adapting device. In addition, braking performance depends on the sensitivity of the car’s original braking system and the maximum force that a disabled person can exert on the handbrake lever. Such a person may have limited power in the upper limbs. The force exerted by the driver can also be influenced by the position of the driver’s seat in relation to the handbrake lever. This article describes the research aimed at understanding the influence of the above-mentioned factors on the car braking performance. As a part of the analysis of the test results, a mathematical function was proposed that allows a parametric description of the braking efficiency index on the basis of data on the braking system, adaptation device, driver’s motor limitations, and the position of the driver’s seat. The information presented in this article can be used for the preliminary selection of adaptive devices to the needs of a given driver with a disability and to the vehicle construction.

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