A dose-dependent relationship between mercury exposure from dental amalgams and urinary mercury levels: a further assessment of the Casa Pia Children’s Dental Amalgam Trial

This hypothesis-testing study evaluated the relationship between mercury (Hg)-based dental amalgams and arthritis diagnoses among adults in the United States (US). A total of 86 305 425 weighted-persons with ⩾1 dental amalgam filling surface (DAFS) (exposed group) and 32 201 088 weighted-persons with ⩾1 other dental filling surface (ODFS) (no DAFS, unexposed group) were examined in the 2015 to 2016 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES). All persons were 20 to 80 years-old with known demographic characteristics and arthritis status. Survey logistic regression and survey frequency modeling in SAS were employed with and without adjustment of covariates. The arthritis rate was significantly increased in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group in the unadjusted (7.68-fold) and adjusted (4.89-fold) models. Arthritis (per 10 000 weighted-person-years) was 6.0-fold significantly increased in the exposed group (6.2) compared to the unexposed group (1.06). A significant bimodal dose-dependent relationship between DAFS and arthritis rate was observed. The arthritis rate increased with increasing DAFS (peak among persons with 4-7 DAFS) and, subsequently, decreased among those with >6 DAFS. A significant decrease in arthritis rate among persons with >13 DAFS as compared to those persons with 4 to 7 DAFS was observed. A significant association between DAFS and arthritis risk and a dose-dependent DAFS associated immune-stimulation/immune-suppression with arthritis risk were observed. An estimated additional $96 835 814 US dollars (USD) are spent on annual medical costs and $184 797 680 USD are lost in annual wages from reported new onset arthritis attributably associated with DAFS (annual total cost = $281 633 494 USD).

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A significant relationship between mercury exposure from dental amalgams and urinary porphyrins: a further assessment of the Casa Pia children’s dental amalgam trial

BioMetals ◽

10.1007/s10534-010-9387-0 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 215-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

David A. Geier ◽

Thomas Carmody ◽

Janet K. Kern ◽

Paul G. King ◽

Mark R. Geier

Keyword(s):

Significant Relationship ◽

Dental Amalgam ◽

Mercury Exposure ◽

Dental Amalgams ◽

Urinary Porphyrins

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Modeling Subjective Symptoms Related to Micro-Hydrargyrism in a Population of Moroccan Dentists

Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ejhs.v31i1.17 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nourdine Attiya ◽

Ayoub Filali ◽

Rkia Fattahi ◽

Soumia Moujane ◽

Hamid Mazouz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Phenotype ◽

Health Impact ◽

Dental Amalgam ◽

Mercury Exposure ◽

The Body ◽

Subjective Symptoms ◽

Wide Range ◽

Models Comparison ◽

Dental Amalgams ◽

Cellular Pathways

BACKGROUND፡ The ability of mercury to deposit throughout the body and alter a wide range of molecular and cellular pathways results in a polymorphic and complex clinical phenotype with over 250 possible symptoms. However, some of them are recurrently cited as evoking chronic mercury poisoning. In this light, dentists users of dental amalgams are chronically exposed to mercury so that in-depth epidemiological investigations and adapted statistical methods are required to highlight adverse effects of this exposure.METHODS: In order to study the health impact of the occupational mercury exposure in a population of liberal dentists practicing in two Moroccan regions, a list of eighteen subjective symptoms commonly associated with micro-hydrargyrism was drawn up. Then, seven statisctical models adapted to count data were fitted. Finally, three methods were used to compare their relative performance in order to choose the most appropriate one.RESULTS: The adopted logical path, from the response variable selection till models’ comparison, led us to lean towards quasi- Poisson regression as the best way to predict the number of symptoms declared by dentists according to mercury exposure.CONCLUSIONS: Interpretation of the selected model allowed us to conclude that the reduction of dental amalgam use allows the reduction of subjective symptoms related to mercury exposure.

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A narrative review of chronic alcohol-induced atrial fibrillation

Future Cardiology ◽

10.2217/fca-2021-0007 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rea Mittal ◽

Lilly Su ◽

Devyani Ramgobin ◽

Ashwani Garg ◽

Rahul Jain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Chronic Alcohol ◽

Higher Alcohol ◽

Dependent Relationship ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Low Levels ◽

Dose Dependent

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is highly prevalent and can lead to many cardiovascular complications, including arrhythmias. Chronic alcohol use has a dose-dependent relationship with incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF), where higher alcohol intake (>3 drinks a day) is associated with higher risk of AF. Meanwhile, low levels of chronic alcohol intake (<1 drink a day) is not associated with increased risk of AF. Mechanistically, chronic alcohol intake alters the structural, functional and electrical integrity of the atria, predisposing to AF. Increased screening can help identify AUD patients early on and provide the opportunity to educate on chronic alcohol use related risks, such as AF. The ideal treatment to reduce risk of incident or recurrent AF in AUD populations is abstinence.

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Dose-dependent relationship between serum metformin levels and glycemic control, insulin resistance and leptin levels in females newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Journal of Diabetes Mellitus ◽

10.4236/jdm.2012.22028 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 02 (02) ◽

pp. 179-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kadhim Ali Kadhim ◽

Dowser Khalil Ismael ◽

Ban Hoshi Khalaf ◽

Khalid Ibrahim Hussein ◽

Munaf Hashim Zalzala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Dependent Relationship ◽

Dose Dependent

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Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Antidepressant Medication Are Overrepresented in High-Dose Statin Treatment

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.608083 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Leutner Michael ◽

Matzhold Caspar ◽

Kautzky Alexander ◽

Kaleta Michaela ◽

Thurner Stefan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Inpatient Care ◽

Low Dose ◽

Antidepressant Medication ◽

Statin Treatment ◽

High Dose ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Dependent Relationship ◽

Different Types ◽

Dose Dependent

Objective: To examine the dose-dependent relationship of different types of statins with the occurrence of major depressive disorder (MDD) and prescription of antidepressant medication.Methods: This cross-sectional study used medical claims data for the general Austrian population (n = 7,481,168) to identify all statin-treated patients. We analyzed all patients with MDD undergoing statin treatment and calculated the average defined daily dose for six different types of statins. In a sub-analysis conducted independently of inpatient care, we investigated all patients on antidepressant medication (statin-treated patients: n = 98,913; non-statin-treated patients: n = 789,683). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to calculate the risk of diagnosed MDD and prescription of antidepressant medication in patients treated with different types of statins and dosages compared to non-statin-treated patients.Results: In this study, there was an overrepresentation of MDD in statin-treated patients when compared to non-statin-treated patients (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.20–1.25). However, there was a dose dependent relationship between statins and diagnosis of MDD. Compared to controls, the ORs of MDD were lower for low-dose statin-treated patients (simvastatin>0– < =10 mg:OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.54–0.64; atorvastatin>0– < =10 mg:OR:0.65, 95%CI: 0.59–0.70; rosuvastatin>0– < =10 mg:OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.53–0.85). In higher statin dosages there was an overrepresentation of MDD (simvastatin>40– < =60 mg:OR: 2.42, 95% CI: 2.18–2.70, >60–80 mg:OR: 5.27, 95% CI: 4.21–6.60; atorvastatin>40– < =60 mg:OR: 2.71, 95% CI: 1.98–3.72, >60– < =80 mg:OR: 3.73, 95% CI: 2.22–6.28; rosuvastatin>20– < =40 mg:OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.31–3.34). The results were confirmed in a sex-specific analysis and in a cohort of patients taking antidepressants, prescribed independently of inpatient care.Conclusions: This study shows that it is important to carefully re-investigate the relationship between statins and MDD. High-dose statin treatment was related to an overrepresentation, low-dose statin treatment to an underrepresentation of MDD.

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CATECHOL OESTROGENS AND GONADOTROPHIN SECRETION IN THE EWE: AFFINITY FOR PITUITARY OESTROGEN RECEPTORS IN VITRO AND ACTION ON GONADOTROPHIN SECRETION IN VIVO

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.0850503 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 503-509 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

I. J. CLARKE ◽

J. K. FINDLAY

Keyword(s):

Negative Feedback ◽

Oestrogen Receptor ◽

Dose Response Relationship ◽

Concurrent Administration ◽

Feedback Effects ◽

Dependent Relationship ◽

Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽

Dose Dependent

The binding of three catechol oestrogens, 2-OH-oestradiol-17β, 4-OH-oestrone and 2-OH-oestrone, to the ovine pituitary oestrogen receptor was measured in vitro to establish doses for the assessment of the effects of catechol oestrogens in vivo. Relative to oestradiol (100%) the compounds had receptor affinities of 30, 20 and 5% respectively. A dose of oestradiol sufficient to cause negative-feedback effects on the secretion of LH and FSH in ovariectomized ewes was established by intracarotid (i.c.) injections of 0·625–5·0 μg/dose (n = 3), and by measuring plasma levels of gonadotrophins in jugular venous samples taken at intervals of 20 min from 3 h before until 4 h after injection. A dose-dependent relationship (r = 0·88, P<0·001) was found for oestradiol and plasma LH levels. Plasma FSH was slightly (12–25%) but significantly (P<0·05) reduced by doses of 1·25–5·0 μg oestradiol, but no dose–response relationship was observed. Ovariectomized ewes (n = 4/group) were given 2·5 μg oestradiol (i.c.) simultaneously with 83 μg 2-OH-oestradiol, 125 μg 4-OH-oestrone or 500 μg 2-OH-oestrone. These doses of catechol oestrogens were chosen as being ten times that of oestradiol, with the relative affinities for oestrogen receptor taken into account. Concurrent administration of such doses of catechol oestrogens had no effect on the negative-feedback action of oestradiol in vivo. We have concluded that catechol oestrogens in the circulation probably do not modulate the action of oestradiol on release of LH or FSH; this does not preclude a possible role for them as locally produced regulators of oestrogen action.

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