Econometric Analysis of Brazilian Scientific Production and Comparison with BRICS

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Hayne ◽  
A.T.S. Wyse
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Capitalist Production ◽  
The Core ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Near Future

This article proposes a study that placed Brazilian scientific production at the core of the debate, and Brazil as a member of BRICS framework emphasises its importance. It starts from the argument that scientific production is a key factor considering that it is through knowledge that societies evolve. This issue becomes even more relevant when pointing to the capitalist production model that transforms knowledge into wealth. That was the starting point for leading an econometric study to formulate a model to explain Brazilian scientific production from 1994 to 2014. The least square method was used to estimate the parameters of a production function to identify the variables that most influenced, statistically, the behaviour of Brazilian scientific production. The main variables that strongly explained the number of published articles, proxy of the scientific production, are number of post-graduate programmes, number of masters and doctors, Brazilian population and expenditure on research and development (R&D). The present study showed that postgraduate programmes are the ones that most influenced the behaviour of Brazilian published articles. Therefore, it is necessary to equip Brazilian postgraduate system to create the basis of a structure, which, in the near future, will produce knowledge in large scale and with high competitiveness.

Fast Multipole Virtual Boundary Element - Least Square Method for Solving 2-D Elastic Problems

2011 ◽  
Vol 204-210 ◽  
pp. 2196-2201
Author(s):  
Yan Tao Jiang ◽  
Si Tian Chen ◽  
Cheng Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Element ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fast Multipole Method ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Fast Multipole ◽  
Large Scale Problems ◽  
Virtual Boundary ◽  
Virtual Boundary Element

In this paper, the fast multipole virtual boundary element - least square method (Fast Multipole VBE - LSM) is proposed and used to simulate 2-D elastic problems, which is based on the fast multipole method (FMM) and virtual boundary element - least square method (VBE - LSM).The main idea of the method is to change computational model by applying the FMM to conventional VBE - LSM. The memory and operations could be reduced to be of linear proportion to the degree of freedom (DOF) and large scale problems could be effectively solved on a common desktop with this method. Numerical results show that this method holds virtues of high feasibility, accuracy and efficiency. Moreover, the idea of this method can be generalized and extended in application.

The Imperial City Terrace Locality of the Shimao City Site in Shenmu County, Shaanxi Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
The Core ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
High Terrace

Abstract The Imperial City Terrace (Huangchengtai), a high terrace clad with stone retaining walls on all sides, was the core area of the Shimao Archaic City Site enclosed by the inner city and outer city. In 2016, the gate remains and the upper part of the northern section of the eastern retaining wall, which was the best preserved part of the retaining walls of the Imperial City Terrace, were excavated. The gate remains of the Imperial City Terrace consisted of the square, the outer barbican, the bastions, and the inner barbican. The square was in front of the gate, and the gateway was paved with stone slabs. The entire gate has more complex structure, more magnificent scale and more elaborate construction techniques than that of the eastern gate of the Outer City. This excavation sets a new starting point for the exploration of the large-scale stone city settlement pattern of the Longshan Age.

Development of REFT Code System for the Analysis of Highly Heterogeneous Research Reactors

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengfei Zhang ◽  
Hongchun Wu ◽  
Youqi Zheng ◽  
Liangzhi Cao ◽  
Yunzhao Li
Keyword(s):  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Core Analysis ◽  
Code System ◽  
Lattice Calculation ◽  
Control Rod ◽  
Research Reactors ◽  
The Core ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Control Rods

As an effort to enhance the accuracy in simulating the operations of research reactors, a fuel management code system REFT was developed. Because of the possible complex assembly geometry and the core configuration of research reactors, the code system employed HELIOS in the lattice calculation to describe arbitrary 2D geometry, and used the 3D triangular nodal SN method transport solver, DNTR, to model unstructured geometry in the core analysis. Flux reconstruction with the least square method and micro depletion model for specific isotopes were incorporated in the code. At the same time, to make it more user friendly, a graphical user interface was also developed for REFT. In the analysis of the research reactors, the calculations involving the control rod movement are encountered frequently. The modeling of the control rods differential worth behavior is important in that the movement of the control rod may introduce variations on the reactivity. To handle the problem two effective ways of alleviating the control rod cusping effect are recently proposed, based on the established code system. The methodologies along with their application and validation will be discussed.

Basic Study on Trend Prediction for Style Design

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Yoshida ◽  
Hideki Aoyama
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Trend Prediction ◽  
Basic Study ◽  
Moving Least Square ◽  
And Function ◽  
Eigenvalue And Eigenvector ◽  
Near Future

With diversification of consumer taste, appearance shape together with functionality contributes to the appeal of a product vastly. Concept design and industrial design therefore serve as an important process in product development. These designs are difficult to perform based on theoretical backing, since appearance shape design is a creative activity which depends on a designer’s aesthetic sense strongly. When embodying a product shape, naturally design is determined not only by a designer’s sensitivity but by use and function of a product as well. It is also important to investigate designs desired by consumers, and reflect all of this in the product design. The ability to predict consumer taste trends therefore greatly aids product design. In this research, the prototype models of a product in trend every year were made by multiplying weights according to the number of a product sold in the past to calculate that the rate of exaggeration of prototype models of each year to all whole prototype models. The straight extrapolation of the Spline method was applied to the exaggeration vector, and the technique of predicting shapes preferred by consumers in the near future using that method was proposed. Moreover the eigenspace method was applied to similar product shapes to propose the technique of grasping the features of shape for every year by computing the eigenvalue and eigenvector of the coordinates of the points of the shapes as well as the technique of predicting shapes which consumers will prefer in the near future by using the Linear function of Moving Least Square method.

Chinese Farms in Zambia: From Socialist to “Agro-Imperialist” Engagement?

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Hairong ◽  
Barry Sautman
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Capitalist Production ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Core ◽  
Commercial Farming ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Modes Of Engagement ◽  
Do So

Abstract Participation by Chinese in Zambia’s agriculture has involved three modes of engagement. Two of these, agro-socialist cooperation until the late 1980s and agro-capitalist “win-win,” since the 1990s, can be examined. The third one, an “agro-imperialist” mode, is not an experience, but a speculation, one possible future based on the Chinese state’s potential to allow firms from China to join in the large-scale, export-oriented “land grabs” by big transnational firms that have occurred since food crises in the developing world in the late 2000s. This paper analyzes all three modes of Chinese engagement, but necessarily concentrates on the second, present-day mode, agro-capitalism. We argue that the present Chinese engagement with Zambian agriculture makes small-scale positive contributions to the domestic food market in Zambia. At the same time, its agro-capitalist production involves the exploitation of farm workers that is typically at the core of commercial farming regardless of the national origins of farm owners. We also contend that while Chinese in Zambia and Africa are not carrying out agro-imperialism, they will likely do so if Chinese leaders decide that this practice represents an international standard.

scholarly journals Regional dynamism between social and commercial ventures

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1122-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib Kachlami
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Venture ◽  
Social Ventures

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the interaction between social and commercial ventures in a region. It achieves this objective through investigating the influence of social ventures’ entry, exit and density on the entry rate of commercial ventures. Design/methodology/approach Organizational ecology is applied for theoretical analysis and the feasible generalized least square method for empirical analysis. Findings The study, in overall, finds a diffuse competition between the populations of social and commercial ventures. The results have revealed a negative influence of social ventures’ entry and density on the entry rate of commercial ventures and a positive influence of the social ventures’ exit on commercial ventures’ entry rate in a region. Originality/value The study is one of the few in its filed that empirically studies the interaction between social and commercial ventures and the first study, which investigates it in the context of Sweden. The previous two studies, however, have only examined either the influence of social ventures entry or social venture density on the entry rate of commercial ventures. This study, however, examines the influence of both of those factors plus the influence of social venture exit on commercial venture entry. The study is also unique regarding the large-scale database it uses including all the 290 municipalities all over Sweden 1990-2014.

A NEW VIEWPOINT OF S-CURVE REGRESSION MODEL AND ITS APPLICATION TO CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
TING-YA HSIEH ◽  
MORRIS H. L. WANG ◽  
CHENG-WU CHEN ◽  
CHEN-YUAN CHEN ◽  
SHANG-EN YU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
City Government ◽  
Fuzzy Regression ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Project Control ◽  
S Curve

The least square method is in generally used for curve fitting problems. We here propose a fuzzy S-curve regression model to deal with the case in which the observed data are given by fuzzy numbers. The fuzzy regression curve, obtained for project control and predicting the progress of large-scale or small-scale engineering, is smoothly connected by a Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model. This paper also proposes the concept that the upper bound and lower bound are given instead of the confidence interval when the observed data are not obtained exactly. Based on the project cash flow and progress payment records of an example project taken from the Department of Rapid Transit Systems, Taipei City Government, this model is demonstrated and tentative conclusions concerning the model are given. The S-curve equation developed here could be used in a variety of applications related to project control for the management of working capital for construction firms.

scholarly journals Initial Value Acceleration-Based Alternating Minimization Algorithm for Dynamic Sub-Connected Hybrid Precoding in Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Jitai Liu ◽  
Honggui Deng ◽  
Shumin Wang ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Kai Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Efficiency ◽  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Alternating Minimization ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Hybrid Precoding ◽  
Alternating Minimization Algorithm ◽  
Starting Point

Symmetry-based sub-connected hybrid precoding is an energy-friendly structure in wireless communications. Most of the prior work set a diagonal constraint on the analog precoder and used a randomly set matrix as the initial analog precoder, which did not match the optimal channel conditions, leading to a decrease in spectral efficiency, and some had huge complexity when calculating the digital precoder. Aiming to solve these problems, this paper proposed a low-complexity hybrid precoding algorithm based on Initial value Acceleration-based Alternating Minimization (IAAM). Leveraging the special structure of analog precoder in sub-connected scheme, we design the analog precoder through low-complexity quadratic programming and use the least square method to obtain the digital precoder. Moreover, we design a heuristic algorithm with the objective function of maximizing the effective channel gain to calculate the initial analog precoder as the starting point for alternating minimization. The simulation results show that the spectral efficiency of this algorithm is at least 17.5% higher than the existing two traditional sub-connected algorithms. Additionally, it increases energy efficiency by at least 12.8% compa with the Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) algorithm. Its algorithm convergence speed is fast, which increases with the number of RF chains.

scholarly journals Parents’ and Students’ Attitudes Toward Tablet Integration in Schools

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Zhu ◽  
Harrison Hao Yang ◽  
Jason MacLeod ◽  
Yinghui Shi ◽  
Di Wu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Educational Setting ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Educational Benefits ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Students Attitudes

This study explored parents’ and students’ attitudes toward tablet usage in a formal educational setting. A total of 212 students from four 7th-grade classes, along with 145 of their parents, responded to the Tablet Acceptance Questionnaire. Quantitative methods including a t-test and partial least square (PLS) analyses were employed to examine students’ and parents’ attitudes toward tablet integration in schools, and to investigate factors influencing students’ and parents’ attitudes toward tablet usage, respectively. The results indicated significant differences between students’ and parents’ attitudes. Empirical findings suggested students hold more positive views than their parents with regard to tablet usage, tablet benefits for learning, and technical advantages and ease of use. Conversely, parents expressed greater concern over potential negative effects of tablet usage in education than do their children. This study also suggested educational benefits of tablet usage were the key factor influencing both students’ and parents’ attitudes. Based on the cross-examined understanding of parents’ and students’ attitudes, suggestions for large scale tablet initiatives are proposed.

Investigation on Time Series Stiffness Spacing Model for Steel Structural Sound Condition Diagnosis of Tower Cranes

2011 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 356-360
Author(s):  
Yu Qin Yan ◽  
Shi Jun Song ◽  
Cai Feng Qiao ◽  
Mei Ling Dong ◽  
Sheng Chun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Feature Model ◽  
Recursive Least Square ◽  
Tower Crane ◽  
Practical Algorithms ◽  
Recursive Least Square Method ◽  
Sound Condition

Damage recognition and diagnosis for large-scale structures on line need suitable models and practical algorithms, which have less computational complexity and demand less memory, to be realized by microcontroller or microcomputer. In this paper, the AR(n) time series model and the recursive least square method are chosen to establish the dynamic model for the monitoring data of the tower crane’s top inclination. A judgment criterion for steel structural sound condition of tower crane is proposed. The Time Series Stiffness Spacing Model (TSSSM) is established according to the feature model of the tower crane’s top inclination under the normal condition. The experimental results show that the model can accurately identify the steel structural sound condition of the tower crane. So the model has the practical value for damage alarming online.

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