Land Loss with Compensation: What Are the Determinants of Income Among Households in Central Vietnam?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-55
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quang Phuc ◽  
A. C. M. (Guus) van Westen ◽  
Annelies Zoomers
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Land Loss ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Compensation Packages ◽  
Household Members ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data

The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of household income following the loss of land owing to urban expansion in central Vietnam. Using data mainly from household surveys in the peri-urban areas of Hue city, the regression model indicates that demographic factors and livelihood strategy choices have important impacts on household income; financial compensation and support packages do not appear to be strong determinants of household income after the loss of land. This implies a failure of the current compensation programmes in the process of compulsory land acquisition, because the government believes that compensation packages make important contributions to livelihood reconstruction. This study suggests that investing in education and skill training for household members affected by land loss as well as assistance in converting compensation money into an adequate livelihood should be taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Environmental Vulnerability by Floods and Occupation of Permanent Preservation Area: An Approach about Three Cities of Midwest of Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Greyce Bernardes de Mello Rezende ◽  
Telma Lucia Bezerra Alves
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Satellite Imaging ◽  
Environmental Vulnerability ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Araguaia River ◽  
The Government ◽  
Very High

The purpose of this article is to identify the areas of environmental vulnerability by flooding in urban areas of the municipalities of Barra dos Garças - MT, Pontal do Araguaia - MT and Aragarças - GO; and demarcate the occupations in permanent preservation areas (PPAs) in the study area. The methodology uses variables such as time series of maximum quotas of the Araguaia River, from 1968 to 2014, the frequency of those floods, as well as the local level curves. From the junction of these data, it was stipulated the levels of environmental vulnerability by floods in five levels: very high, high, medium, low and very low. The results indicate that areas with very high vulnerability correspond to approximately 1,58 square kilometers which equals to 0.5% of the total area studied; the high vulnerability areas, have only 3.19 square kilometers, corresponding to 1% of the area; the medium vulnerability areas have 7.66 square kilometers, which corresponds to 2.41% of the area; low vulnerability areas, have 11.18 square kilometers of extension relating to 3.52% of the area; and finally the remainder of the study area was characterized as very low vulnerability. After this mapping, it was found by satellite imaging from Google earth software dated 2014, the main occupations in PPAs. The main uses and occupations refer to human activities related to tourism, as well as commercial, residential and industrial buildings. It was found that it is of salutary importance that the Government enforces the fulfillment of the restrictions set out in the Forest Code, preventing that more occupations occur in PPAs and areas subject to flooding. Moreover, the mapping of areas of flooding is also a tool for future public policies that aim to guide the recommended areas to urban expansion, as well as ordering the use and occupation of land by developing zoning.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Karakteristik Individu Terhadap Partisipasi Kerja Pemuda Di Provinsi Banten Tahun 2020

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
Sukma Direja ◽  
Pradhita Andiah Permani
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Job Training ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Labor Participation ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Using Data

From the overall human resources, youth is the group with the most potential, both in terms of quantity and quality. This study used the logit model to determine the effect of individual characteristics on youth labor participation in Banten province. By using data from BPS, from this research, it can be seen that youth labor participation in Banten province is influenced by age, age squared, gender, marital status, length of schooling, job training that has been attended, youth status as head of household, number of household members, the head of the household gender, the length of school for the head of the household, and household income.

Geospatial Analysis of Agriculture Land Loss in Qena City, Upper Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-57
Author(s):  
Mostafa Kamal Kamel Mosleh ◽  
Khaled Mohmmad Amin Hazaymeh
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Land Loss ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Index Set ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
Agriculture Land ◽  
Local Decision

Although urbanization presents opportunities for new urban developments, it may have serious problems on environment and land use/cover patterns. The present study aims to evaluate the performance of built‑up delineation index set (BDIS) for mapping agricultural land loss in Upper Egypt. Three Landsat images were obtained for the years 1986, 2000, and 2016 and utilized as inputs to calculate the BDIS variables. Then a supervised classification technique (i.e., support vector machine) was used to classify the images. The findings showed that urban areas have witnessed a dramatic expansion at a growing rate of 44.1% during the 30 years. As a result, the loss of the agricultural land was found to be approximately 64.83 ha, which represents -4%, during the same period because of the urban expansion and the illegal construction of settlements. These findings would support the local decision makers in urban and agriculture land management authorities to develop sustainable development plans that control the spatiotemporal urban expansion and agricultural land loss.

Long Working Hours and the Risk of Chronic Disease

Social Change ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Pal ◽  
Laxmi Kant Dwivedi ◽  
Dolly Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Work Histories

A change in employment trends, in the nature of occupation and in the number of working hours has an impact on the diseases prevalent in people. Using data from a World Health Organization 2007 study on global ageing and adult health, this research looks at the effect of past work histories on the prevalence of selected chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, stroke, angina and depression in India. By using a bivariate and multivariate analysis, this study shows that all the selected chronic diseases were significantly higher in urban areas, especially amongst people who were educated upto a higher secondary level and above and were from the richest wealth quintile. The chances of all these selected chronic diseases, except for depression, were also found to be significantly higher among those who were working in the non-manual sector. It was also found that the expected odds of having diabetes and stroke were significantly higher among those employees who worked for more than eight hours a day than their counterparts who worked for less than eight hours a day after adjusting important confounders. Based on these findings, the study suggests that the government should implement some specific policy measures; and take steps which will help employees cope with harmful work schedules.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impacts of Expropriation and Compensation on Livelihood of Farmers: The Case of Peri-Urban Debre Markos, Ethiopia

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Tilahun Dires ◽  
Derjew Fentie ◽  
Yeneneh Hunie ◽  
Worku Nega ◽  
Mulugeta Tenaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Fair Compensation ◽  
Debre Markos ◽  
The Government ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

In Ethiopia, expropriation and compensation measures have become a great concern due to horizontal urban expansion and development induced projects. Especially in peri-urban areas, the livelihood of farmers is affected by expropriation without fair and comparable compensation. This paper investigates the impacts of expropriation and compensation activities on livelihood of peri-urban smallholders taking Debre Markos Town as a case study area. Mixed research methods were employed. Quantitative data were gathered using a structured questionnaire and by interviewing about 100 smallholders. Qualitative data were collected in focus group discussions and by analyzing legal documents. The analysis showed a high trend of expropriation without fair and appropriate compensation as result of ignoring legal procedures of expropriation and compensation. Expropriated farmers also complained that they did not get any support from the government to use compensation money properly for further investments. Due to incomparable compensation and lack of advice, peri-urban farmers faced multi-faceted problems, such as food insecurity and social and family disintegration. The government has to enable families of expropriated households to earn suitable livelihood, which could be achieved by fair compensation and appropriate guidance.

Income sharing and spending decisions of young people living with their parents

2018 ◽  
pp. 358-385
Author(s):  
Márton Medgyesi ◽  
Ildikó Nagy
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Income Differences ◽  
Income Pooling ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Income Sharing ◽  
Using Data

This chapter examines income sharing by young adults living with their parents. Using data from EU-SILC 2010, the chapter explores the determinants of contributions to household expenses among young adults (aged 18–34 years) living with their parents in 17 European Union countries. The examination finds that income sharing in the household tends to attenuate income differences between household members and to help members with low resources. The results also show inequalities in young adults’ experience of co-residence with parents: young adults in low-income households tend to contribute more to the household than do those in higher income homes. In addition, the results show that the majority of young adults benefit from intra-household sharing of resources. There is, however, a minority of young adults whose income is lower when the actual extent of income pooling is taken into account in the calculation of equivalized household income.

Land Readjustment in Kathmandu Valley

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
Sunaina Karmacharya
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Residential Neighborhood ◽  
Land Readjustment ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

 Urban expansion of Kathmandu Valley is taking place at the fast rate challenging urban managers and planners of the city. In-migration has resulted in the unplanned urban growth of the city with the shortage of serviced land for urban development in Kathmandu. So Land Readjustment (LR) technique has been used as urban land development tool by the government. There are twenty two LR projects completed, and some of the projects are ongoing in the valley. The overview of the Land Readjustment technique of Kathmandu Valley has been done to explore the required measures needed to reform the existing legal and Institutional Framework and procedure of LR. Among the implemented LR projects, Nayabazar Land pooling has been selected for the case study as almost all the plots have been developed. Now, it is a dense residential neighborhood. The instruments used for research are literature study, in-depth interviews with different stakeholders of LR projects and landowners. Field visit and questionnaire survey in case study area are conducted regarding the street network and open space of the area. The existing system of LR technique is studied relating it with international experience mainly the case of Germany and Japan to draw positive inferences to explore the wider scope of LR technique for the comprehensive development in urban areas.

scholarly journals COPING WITH THE LAND GAME: A NETWORK ANALYSIS OF COMMUNITY RESILIENCE IN HUE’S PERI-URBAN AREAS, VIETNAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (5C) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quang Phuc
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Family Networks ◽  
Trade Networks ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Face ◽  
Using Data

<p><strong>Abstract</strong>: In Vietnam, urban expansion and its effects have appeared as a contentious issue among journalists, civil society organizations, academics, and NGOs in recent years. Along with the rapid urbanization, farmers in peri-urban areas are increasingly confronted with a loss of land as well as a change in livelihood strategies as the consequence of government policies. Using data from household surveys in the peri-urban village of Hue – Dạ Lê Chánh, the author attempts to answer the question “How do mobility practices reflect community resilience in the face of developmental processes of change?” The result indicates that as a peri-urban area, the proximity to Hue City, offers many employment opportunities. However, a focus on mobility shows that social and family networks are utilised for extended movement throughout the country and beyond. Mobility is shown to be a vital feature in the formation and maintenance of livelihood trajectories, allowing community access to human, information, financial and trade networks. In the face of these different demands on land in Vietnam, what is the future for a locality such as Dạ Lê Chánh? Caught in a web of future trade-offs, we find it foolhardy to speak of sustainable development when the appropriate line of development is unclear. However, within the push and pull of the land game, the voices of local residents to formulate their own futures will be lost. Therefore, government policy must find a way to acknowledge such voices whilst taking the best sustainable steps forward.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong><em>:</em> livelihoods, mobility, peri-urban areas, Hue, Vietnam</p>

scholarly journals TATA KELOLA PEMUKIMAN NELAYAN DI WILAYAH PERKOTAAN PESISIR UTARA JAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Hertria Maharani ◽  
Nurlaili Nurlaili
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data

Pemukiman nelayan di kawasan perkotaan belum banyak diperhatikan oleh pemerintah. Seharusnya sebagai bagian dari perencanaan kota, pemukiman nelayan mempunyaI urgensi yang sama untuk diatur sehingga dapat dikelola dengan baik. Makalah ini mempunyai tiga tujuan utama, yaitu: 1) Mengidentifikasi kondisi eksisting kawasan pemukiman nelayan; 2) Mengidentifikasi hambatan perencanaan pemukiman nelayan di perkotaan; dan 3) menganalisis peran perencanaan kota pada tatakelola pemukiman nelayan. Observasi hanya dilakukan di pantai utara Teluk Jakarta (Kamal Muara) terkait kondisi eksisting dan hambatan perencanaan pemukiman nelayan. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil wawancara informan kunci dengan menggunakan bantuan topik data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi pemukiman nelayan masih jauh dari kondisi ideal, yang mulai dari sanitasi, desain pemukiman, drainase dan sebagainya. Sedangkan terdapat 3 stakeholder yang  bertanggungjawab atas kesulitan pengaturan pemukiman nelayan yaitu masyarakat nelayan, pemerintah dan instansi swasta termasuk  pengembang dan perbankan. Ketiga elemen stakeholder tersebut harus bersamasama melakukan upaya untuk perbaikan tata kelola pemukiman nelayan dengan tanpa melupakan pemahaman bahwa nelayan tidak dapat dipisahkan dari laut dan tepi pantai sebagai tempat  bekerja, komunitas dan budaya.Title: Fisherman Settlement Management in Urban Region of Northern-Coast of Jakarta Fisherman settlements in urban areas have received less attention by the government. As a part of urban planning, fisherman settlements should have the same urgency to be well governed. This paper has three main objectives: 1) to identify existing conditions of fishermen residential areas; 2) to identify barriers on planning of fisherman settlements in urban area; and 3) to analyze the role of urban planning on fisherman settlements governance. Observation toward existing conditions and the barriers on fisherman settlements planning were only completed in Kamal Muara, the northern coast of Jakarta Bay. Primary data were obtained from key informant interviews using data topic tool. The results show that the conditions of the fisherman settlement is still under ideal level, including its sanitation, settlement design, drainage, etc. There are 3 stakeholders who are responsible for the difficulties in regulating fisherman settlements, they are fishing communities, government and private institutions including developers and commercial banks. These three elements must jointly improve the governance of fisherman settlements under the same perception that fishermen cannot be  separated from the sea and coast area as a work place, community and culture.

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