scholarly journals The value of ultrasound in diagnosis of pneumoperitoneum in emergent or critical conditions: A meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libing Jiang ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Xia Feng
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic

Background: Hollow organs perforation is a life-threatening condition. Early diagnosis and emergent intervention are important. Bedside ultrasound may be an alternative diagnostic tool for this condition. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic value of ultrasound of pneumoperitoneum in emergent or critical conditions through meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for potential studies. Then, two reviewers performed the processes of study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment independently. Finally, diagnostic indexes were analyzed with STATA 12.0 software (Serial No. 40120519635). Results: A total of five studies with moderate to high quality were eligible for meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio and their 95% confidence interval were 0.91 (95% confidence interval = 0.86–0.94), 0.96 (95% confidence interval = 0.75–0.99), 22.05 (95% confidence interval = 3.10–156.96), and 0.10 (95% confidence interval = 0.07–0.15), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.92 (95% confidence interval = 0.90–0.94). Conclusion: Abdominal ultrasound is a useful alternative tool in diagnosing of pneumoperitoneum. However, due to limited evidence, it is not yet indicated for routine clinical use.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of T-SPOT.TB Assay for Tuberculous Peritonitis: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Luo ◽  
Ying Xue ◽  
Liyan Mao ◽  
Qun Lin ◽  
Guoxing Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculous Peritonitis ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background: Tuberculous peritonitis (TP) is a common form of abdominal tuberculosis (TB). Diagnosing TP remains challenging in clinical practice. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of peripheral blood (PB) T-SPOT and peritoneal fluid (PF) T-SPOT for diagnosing TP.Methods: PubMed, EmBase, Cochrane, Scopus, Google scholar, China national knowledge internet, and Wan-Fang databases were searched for relevant articles from August 1, 2005 to July 5, 2020. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata, Revman, and Meta-Disc software. Diagnostic parameters including pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were determined. Summary receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the area under the curve (AUC).Results: Twelve studies were eligible and included in the meta-analysis. The analysis showed that the pooled sensitivity and specificity of PB T-SPOT in diagnosing TP were 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88–0.94) and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.73–0.81), respectively, while the pooled PLR, NLR, and DOR were 4.05 (95% CI, 2.73–6.01), 0.13 (95% CI, 0.07–0.23), and 37.8 (95% CI, 15.04–94.98), respectively. On the other hand, the summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR of PF T-SPOT for TP diagnosis were 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85–0.94), 0.78 (95% CI, 0.72–0.83), 6.35 (95% CI, 2.67–15.07), 0.14 (95% CI, 0.09–0.21), and 58.22 (95% CI, 28.76–117.83), respectively. Furthermore, the AUC of PB T-SPOT and PF T-SPOT for TP diagnosis were 0.91 and 0.94, respectively.Conclusions: Our results indicate that both PB T-SPOT and PF T-SPOT can be served as sensitive approaches for the diagnosis of TP. However, the unsatisfactory specificities of these two methods limit their application as rule-in tests for TP diagnosis. Furthermore, the standardization of the operating procedure of PF T-SPOT is further needed.

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Accuracy of HE4 in Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daye Cheng ◽  
Ying Sun ◽  
Hu He
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

The diagnostic value of serum HE4 in patients with lung cancer remains controversial. Thus, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic accuracy of serum HE4 for lung cancer. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WANFANG databases between Jan. 1966 and Nov. 2014. The diagnostic sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) were pooled by Meta-DiSc 1.4 software. A total of seven articles including 715 cases and 549 controls were included for analysis. The summary estimates for serum HE4 in the diagnosis of lung cancer in these studies were pooled SEN 0.72 (95% CI: 0.68–0.75), SPE 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81–0.88), PLR 4.68 (95% CI: 3.23–6.78), NLR 0.31 (95% CI: 0.24–0.39), and DOR 17.14 (95% CI: 9.72–30.20), and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.8557. This meta-analysis indicated that serum HE4 is a potential tool in the diagnosis of lung cancer. In addition, considering the high heterogeneity and potential publication bias, further studies with rigorous design and large sample size are needed in the future.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence in Gastric Cancer: Identifying Gastric Cancer Using Endoscopic Images with Convolutional Neural Network

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5253
Author(s):  
Md. Mohaimenul Islam ◽  
Tahmina Nasrin Poly ◽  
Bruno Andreas Walther ◽  
Ming-Chin Lin ◽  
Yu-Chuan (Jack) Li
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most newly diagnosed cancers and the fifth leading cause of death globally. Identification of early gastric cancer (EGC) can ensure quick treatment and reduce significant mortality. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review with a meta-analysis of current literature to evaluate the performance of the CNN model in detecting EGC. We conducted a systematic search in the online databases (e.g., PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) for all relevant original studies on the subject of CNN in EGC published between January 1, 2010, and March 26, 2021. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 was used to assess the risk of bias. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were calculated. Moreover, a summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) was plotted. Of the 171 studies retrieved, 15 studies met inclusion criteria. The application of the CNN model in the diagnosis of EGC achieved a SROC of 0.95, with corresponding sensitivity of 0.89 (0.88–0.89), and specificity of 0.89 (0.89–0.90). Pooled sensitivity and specificity for experts endoscopists were 0.77 (0.76–0.78), and 0.92 (0.91–0.93), respectively. However, the overall SROC for the CNN model and expert endoscopists was 0.95 and 0.90. The findings of this comprehensive study show that CNN model exhibited comparable performance to endoscopists in the diagnosis of EGC using digital endoscopy images. Given its scalability, the CNN model could enhance the performance of endoscopists to correctly stratify EGC patients and reduce work load.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts diagnosis and prognosis of patients with hepatocellular: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Lin ◽  
Shiping Hu ◽  
Yun Ran ◽  
Fenfang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is one of the poor prognostic factors of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients. As contradictory data are seen concerning the predictive ability of NLR, a meta-analysis is performed for the determination of its prognostic value in patients with HCC in this study.Methods: We systematically searched several databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library with the updated date of January 21, 2020. Pooled estimates of odds ratio (OR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were used to assess the prognostic performance of NLR in HCC patients.Results: Nine studies containing a total of 3,862 HCC patients were included. High baseline NLR was correlated with poor prognosis or recurrence significantly. The patient-based analysis of pooled estimates was as follows: sensitivity 0.68 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.58-0.77], specificity 0.73 (95% CI, 0.61-0.82), and DOR 6.347 (95% CI, 5.450-7.391), respectively. The pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio (NLHR) were 2.5 (95% CI, 1.8-3.6) and 0.43 (95% CI, 0.33-0.57). Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) of summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) reflecting the diagnostic accuracy was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.72-0.80). Results obtained from subgroup meta-analyses and overall meta-analyses were accordingly consistent with each other.Conclusions: Our findings suggested that NLR is an efficient prognostic factor for patients with HCC, especially for those from East Asian with high incidence. In the future, trails with larger sample sizes and more high-quality evidence are needed to further enhance the patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Diagnostic Efficacy of Xpert CT/NG for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Tian-Ao Xie ◽  
Ye-Ling Liu ◽  
Rui-Chun Meng ◽  
Xiao-Shan Liu ◽  
Ke-Ying Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy

Background. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) are widely spread across the world. Asymptomatic or inconspicuous CT/NG infections are difficult to diagnose and treat. Traditional methods have the disadvantages of low detection rate, inaccurate results, and long detection time. However, Xpert CT/NG makes up for the aforementioned shortcomings and has research value and popularization significance. Methods. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched, and studies were screened using Xpert CT/NG for diagnosing CT/NG. QUADAS-2 was used to evaluate the quality of the eligible studies. Then, two groups of researchers independently extracted data from these studies. Meta-analyses of sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the curve (AUC) of the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve were conducted using Meta-DiSc 1.4. Finally, Deek’s funnel plots were made using Stata 12.0 to evaluate publication bias. Results. 14 studies were identified, and 46 fourfold tables were extracted in this meta-analysis. The pooled SEN, SPE, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC in diagnosing CT were 0.94 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93–0.95), 0.99 (95% CI: 0.99–1.00), 97.17 (95% CI: 56.76–166.32), 0.07 (95% CI: 0.04–0.12), 1857.25 (95% CI: 943.78–3654.86), and 0.9960, respectively. The pooled SEN, SPE, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC in diagnosing NG were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93–0.96), 1.00 (95% CI: 1.00–1.00), 278.15 (95% CI: 152.41–507.63), 0.08 (95% CI: 0.06–0.12), 4290.70 (95% CI: 2161.78–8516.16), and 0.9980, respectively. Conclusions. Xpert CT/NG had high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for CT and NG. However, more evidence is required to confirm that Xpert CT/NG might serve as the primary method for detecting CT and NG and even the gold standard for diagnosis in the future.

scholarly journals Meta-Analysis of microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Detecting Esophageal Carcinoma in Asian Populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Li ◽  
Fei Wu ◽  
Yu Ji ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Carcinoma ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Significant Difference

Background An Increasing number of studies in the literature have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used as early diagnostic markers for esophageal carcinoma (EC), but their conclusions remain controversial. Hence, we performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of using miRNAs in EC and to provide an experimental basis for early diagnosis of the disease. Methods This meta-analysis included 39 Asian studies from 18 articles, which covered 3,708 EC patients and 2,689 healthy controls. We used a bivariate random-effects model, the chi-square test and the I2 test to assess sensitivity and heterogeneity. Results Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio of miRNAs for diagnosis of EC in Asians reached 0.798, 0.785, 3.705, 0.257 and 14.391, respectively. Additionally, the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.86. Subgroup analysis based on research country (China vs. Japan), sample types (plasma vs. serum) and miRNAs (single vs. multiple; singly reported miRNAs vs. repeatedly reported miRNAs) showed no significant difference in accuracy of diagnosis for each subgroup. Conclusions MiRNAs can distinguish EC patients from healthy controls. Blood-based miRNAs have better diagnostic value in detecting EC than saliva-based miRNAs, whereas both serum and plasma are recommended for clinical specimens for miRNA detection.

scholarly journals Accumulate evidence for IP-10 in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Qiu ◽  
Tao Xiong ◽  
Xiaojuan Su ◽  
Yi Qu ◽  
Long Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Backgrounds Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a major health and economic burden. Accurate PTB detection is an important step to eliminating TB globally. Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) has been reported as a potential diagnostic marker for PTB since 2007. In this study, a meta-analysis approach was used to assess diagnostic value of IP-10 for PTB. Methods Web of Science, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched for studies published in English up to February 2019. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) curve were estimated by a HSROC model. Results Eighteen studies including 2836 total participants met our inclusion criteria. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, and NLR of IP-10 for PTB detection were 86%, 88%, 7.00, and 0.16, respectively. The pooled DOR was 43.01, indicating a very powerful discriminatory ability of IP-10. Meta-regression showed that there was no heterogeneity with respect to TB burden, study design type, age, IP-10 assay method, IP-10 condition and HIV-infection status. Conclusions Our results showed that IP-10 is a promising marker for differentiating PTB from non-TB.

scholarly journals The role of mHLA-DR in the early diagnosis of sepsis patients with severe trauma: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-sheng Chen ◽  
Da-Lin Wen ◽  
Jin-Chao Qiu ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Guo-Xuan Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Background HLA-DR is a common and significant biomarker in sepsis. However, as a biomarker of post-traumatic sepsis, there are few studies. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the value of HLA-DR in the diagnosis of severe traumatic sepsis. Methods We developed a strategy for literature retrieval from the PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science,EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases. All studies published until June 1, 2021, were retrieved. All studies that were included considered HLA-DR in the diagnosis of adult post-traumatic sepsis, and each study calculated the sensitivities and specificities. Results The study included 8 articles involving 639 trauma patients. combined sensitivity was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.75–0.86), the combined specificity was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.62–0.71), the positive likelihood ratio was 2.29 (95% CI, 1.73–3.04), and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.32 (95% CI, 0.23–0.44). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.84(95% CI, 0.80–0.87), and the Q index was 0.76. The combined diagnostic odds ratio was 9.11 (95% CI, 5.37–15.45). Conclusions The results of this meta-analysis showed that HLA-DR could be considered as a useful biomarker for the early diagnosis of severe traumatic sepsis. Its sensitivity and diagnostic abilities are excellent. However, its specificity is inadequate. Therefore, it should be combined with other clinical indicators to assess post-traumatic sepsis, and cannot be used in the diagnosis of a disease alone.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of calprotectin in periprosthetic joint infection: a diagnostic meta-analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jisi Xing ◽  
Jiahao Li ◽  
Zijian Yan ◽  
Yijin Li ◽  
Xiaofang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Periprosthetic Joint Infection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is considered to be one of the most challenging complications of joint replacement, which remains unpredictable. As a simple and emerging biomarker, calprotectin (CLP) has been considered to be useful in ruling out PJI in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy and sensitivity of CLP in the diagnosis of PJI. Methods We searched and screened the publications from PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library from database establishment to June 2021. Subsequently, Stata version 16.0 software was used to combine the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), operating characteristic curve, and area under the curve (AUC). Heterogeneity across articles was evaluated by the I2 statistics. Finally, sources of heterogeneity were detected by subgroup analysis based on study design, detection method, sample size, and cutoff values. Results A total of 7 studies were included in our study, comprising 525 patients. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, and NLR of CLP for PJI diagnosis were 0.94(95% CI 0.87–0.98), 0.93(95% CI 0.87–0.96), 13.65(95% CI 6.89–27.08), and 0.06(95% CI 0.02–0.15), respectively, while the DOR and AUC were 222.33(95% CI 52.52–941.11) and 0.98 (95% CI 0.96–0.99), respectively. Conclusion Synovial CLP is a reliable biomarker and can be used as a diagnostic criterion for PJI in the future. However, the uncertainty resulting from the poor study numbers and sample sizes limit our ability to definitely draw conclusions on the basis of our study.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Performance of Des-γ-carboxy Prothrombin for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Zhu ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Weiqi Dai ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background. There have been many reports on des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) as a promising serum marker in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the results are inconsistent and even conflicting.Methods. This meta-analysis was performed to investigate the performance of DCP in the diagnosis of HCC. Following a systematic review of relevant studies, Meta-DiSc 1.4 software was used to extract data and to calculate the overall sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). Data are presented as forest plots and summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) analysis was used to summarize the overall test performance.Results. Twelve studies were included in our meta-analysis. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PLR, and NLR of DCP for the detection of HCC in the studies included were 71% (95%CI: 68%–73%), 84% (95%CI: 83%–86%), 6.48 (95%CI: 4.22–9.93), and 0.33 (95%CI: 0.25–0.43), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.8930 and theQindex was 0.8238. Significant heterogeneity was found.Conclusion. This meta-analysis indicated that DCP had moderate diagnostic accuracy in HCC. Further studies with rigorous design, large sample size, and mmultiregional cooperation are needed in the future.

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