scholarly journals Bovine abortion caused by Coxiella burnetii: report of a cluster of cases in Uruguay and review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 634-639
Author(s):  
Melissa Macías-Rioseco ◽  
Franklin Riet-Correa ◽  
Myrna M. Miller ◽  
Kerry Sondgeroth ◽  
Martin Fraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
The Other ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Bovine Abortion

A cluster of 4 bovine abortions caused by Coxiella burnetii occurred in a dairy herd in Uruguay during a 2-mo period. Case 1 consisted of a placenta from an aborted cow; cases 2–4 were fetuses and their placentas. Grossly, the placenta from one aborted cow had moderate, diffuse reddening of the cotyledons and loss of translucency of the intercotyledonary areas. No gross lesions were observed in the other 3 placentas. Microscopically, 2 of 4 placentas had fibrinonecrotizing placentitis with abundant intratrophoblastic gram-negative coccobacilli. C. burnetii was identified intralesionally by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in all 4 placentas, and by PCR and DNA sequencing in 3 placentas analyzed by these techniques. One fetus had mild neutrophilic alveolitis with multinucleate syncytial cells; no gross or microscopic lesions were observed in the other 2 fetuses examined. The lungs of the 3 fetuses were negative for C. burnetii by IHC. Tests performed to investigate other possible causes of abortions in the 4 cases were negative. C. burnetii causes Q fever in humans and coxiellosis in animals. Clusters of abortions in cattle by C. burnetii have not been reported previously, to our knowledge; this bacterium has been considered an opportunistic pathogen associated only with sporadic abortion in cattle. We present herein a cluster of 4 bovine abortions caused by C. burnetii in a dairy farm during a period of 2 mo and a review of the literature on C. burnetii infection in cattle.

scholarly journals Pasteurella pneumonia: report of a case and review of the literature

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-335
Author(s):  
G A Starkebaum ◽  
J J Plorde
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Respiratory Insufficiency ◽  
Rib Fractures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Multiple Rib Fractures ◽  
Pulmonary Infiltrates

A case of pneumonia due to Pasturella ureae was encountered in a 57-year-old man who developed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and respiratory insufficiency while convalescing in the hospital from a hip fracture and multiple rib fractures. Cultures of his sputum grew an essentially pure growth of Pasturella ureae. This organism, a small gram-negative rod, could be differentiated from the other Pasteurella species by its ability to hydrolyze urea and failure to produce indole. The literature on Pasteurella infections is briefly reviewed, and the recent taxonomic revisions of the genus Pasteurella are discussed.

Coxiella burnetii infections (Q fever)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1257-1262
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Marrie
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Animal Reservoirs ◽  
Very High

Q fever is a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, an intracellular Gram-negative spore-forming bacterium, the common animal reservoirs of which are cattle, sheep, and goats. Rats and mice have been implicated as reservoirs in some areas. In French Guiana the three-toed sloth is the reservoir. C. burnetti is trophic for the endometrium and mammary glands of female animals, and during pregnancy the organism reaches very high concentrations in the placenta such that at the time of parturition organisms are aerosolized and contamination of the environment occurs. Inhalation of even one microorganism can result in infection. Diagnosis is confirmed by serological testing: in acute disease antibodies to phase II antigen are higher than those to phase I, whereas the reverse is true in chronic disease.

Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) seroprevalence in cattle

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. McCAUGHEY ◽  
L. J. MURRAY ◽  
J. P. McKENNA ◽  
F. D. MENZIES ◽  
S. J. McCULLOUGH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Beef Herds ◽  
Multilevel Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Systematic Random Sample

SUMMARYHuman cases of Q fever appear to be common in Northern Ireland compared to the rest of the British Isles. The purpose of this study was to describe the seroepidemiology of Coxiella burnetii infection in cattle in Northern Ireland in terms of seroprevalence and determinants of infection. A total of 5182 animals (from a stratified systematic random sample of 273 herds) were tested with a commercial C. burnetii phase 2 IgG ELISA. A total of 6·2% of animals and 48·4% of herds tested positively. Results from a multilevel logistic regression model indicated that the odds of cattle being infected with Q fever increased with age, Friesian breed, being from large herds and from dairy herds. Large dairy herd animal prevalence was 12·5% compared to 2·1% for small beef herds. Preliminary seroprevalence in sheep (12·3%), goats (9·3%), pigs (0%) rats (9·7%) and mice (3·2%) using indirect immunofluorescence is reported.

scholarly journals Truckin' pneumonia—an outbreak of Q fever in a truck repair plant probably due to aerosols from clothing contaminated by contact with newborn kittens

1989 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Marrie ◽  
Donald Langille ◽  
Vasilia Papukna ◽  
Linda Yates
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Attack Rate ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Antibody ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Family ◽  
Antibody Titres

SUMMARYWe describe an outbreak of Q fever affecting 16 of 32 employees at a truck repair plant. None of the cases were exposed to cattle, sheep or goats. the traditional reservoirs of Q fever. The cases did not work, live on, or visit farms or attend livestock auctions. One of the employees had a cat which gave birth to kittens 2 weeks prior to the first case of Q fever in the plant. The cat owner fed the kittens every day before coming to work as the cat would not let the kittens suckle. Serum from the cat had high antibody titres to phase I and phase IICoxiella burnetiiantigens. The attack rate among the employees where the cat owner worked. 13 of 19 (68%), was higher than that of employees elsewhere, 3 of 13 (28%) [P <0·01]. The cat owner's wife and son also developed Q fever. None of the family members of the other employees with Q fever was so affected.We conclude that this outbreak of Q fever probably resulted from exposure to the contaminated clothing of the cat owner.

scholarly journals Geographical Variation in Coxiella burnetii Seroprevalence in a Dairy Farm Located in South-Western Ethiopia: Understanding the Broader Community Risk

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 646
Author(s):  
Tatiana Proboste ◽  
Feyissa Begna Deressa ◽  
Yanjin Li ◽  
David Onafruo Kal ◽  
Benti Deressa Gelalcha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Jimma Town

Q fever is a zoonotic disease that is caused by Coxiella burnetii and leads to abortion and infertility in ruminants and debilitating disease in humans. Jimma zone, including Jimma town, located in the Oromia region of Ethiopia, was affected by an outbreak of abortions in ruminants related to Q fever infection between 2013 and 2015. This study aimed to investigate the geo-clustering of C. burnetii seroprevalence in dairy farms of Jimma town and identify the environmental risk factors associated with seroprevalence distribution. A total of 227 cattle were tested for antibodies against C. burnetii in 25 farms. We explored the clustering of C. burnetii seroprevalence using semivariograms. A geostatistical regression-based model was implemented to quantify the risk factors and to predict the geographical variation in C. burnetii seroprevalence at unsampled locations in Jimma town using OpenBugs. Our results demonstrated that the risk of exposure in dairy cattle varied across the landscape of Jimma town and was associated with environmental risk factors. The predictive map of C. burnetii seroprevalence showed that communities in the eastern part of Jimma town had the highest risk of exposure. Our results can inform community-level investigations of human seroprevalence in the high-risk areas to the east of Jimma.

Coxiella burnetii infections (Q fever)

2010 ◽  
pp. 923-926
Author(s):  
T.J. Marrie
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Large Outbreak ◽  
The Common ◽  
Animal Reservoirs

Q fever is a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, an intracellular Gram-negative spore-forming bacterium, the common animal reservoirs of which are cattle, sheep, and goats, although in a large outbreak in the Netherlands it appears that rats, Rattus norvegicus and R. rattus, may have played a role in the spread of the condition. ...

Disinfection of Fruits with Activated Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1864-1872
Author(s):  
Prof. Teodora P. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
High Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Lower Effect

The effect of ionized aqueous solutions (anolytes and catholyte) in the processing of fruits (cherries, morellos, and strawberries) for decontamination has been tested. Freshly prepared analytes and catholyte without the addition of salts were used, as well as stored for 7 months anolytes, prepared with 0.5% NaCl and a combination of 0.5% NaCl and 0.5% Na2CO3. The anolyte prepared with a combination of 0.5% NaCl and 0.5% Na2CO3, as well as the anolyte obtained with 0.5% NaCl, exhibit high antimicrobial activity against the surface microflora of strawberries, cherries, and sour cherries. They inactivate E. coli for 15 minutes. The other species of the fam. Enterobacteriaceae were also affected to the maximum extent, as is the total number of microorganisms, especially in cherries and sour cherries. Even stored for 7 months, they largely retain their antimicrobial properties. Anolyte and catholyte, obtained without the addition of salts, showed a lower effect on the total number of microorganisms, but had a significant effect on Gram-negative bacteria, and especially with regard to the sanitary indicative E. coli.

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