Novice, Portfolio, and Serial Founders in Rural and Urban Areas

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Westhead ◽  
Mike Wright
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Development Policy ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Rural Firms ◽  
Level Of Analysis

To encourage economic development policy makers and practitioners need to understand the backgrounds and objectives of entrepreneurs who own businesses in rural as well as urban areas. In this study rural firms owned by novice, portfolio, and serial founders were compared. In addition, urban firms owned by novice, portfolio, and serial founders were compared. At the founder level of analysis, similarities as well as differences in the personal background, work experiences, reasons leading to the start-up of businesses, and personal attitudes to entrepreneurship of these three types of founders were explored. At the organizational level of analysis, finance, employment and performance differences between the businesses owned by the three types of founders were analyzed. Implications for policy makers and researchers studying entrepreneurial careers and independent businesses over time are discussed.

scholarly journals Analisis Kualitas Layanan, Kemampuan Dan Kinerja Pengurus Pokjar Terhadap Kepuasan Mahasiswa di UPBJJ-UT Palangka Raya

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Rahmaddian Rahmaddian ◽  
Stefani Made Ayu A.K ◽  
Deni Surapto
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
University Education ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Attainment Gap ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Set Up

Open University of Palangka Raya (UPBJJ-UT of Palangka Raya) has acknowledged the education-attainment gap between rural and urban areas, and officials have determined ways to connect with students in the far corners of Central Kalimantan. UPBJJ-UT of Palangka Raya has set up study groups (PokJar) through which non urban students acquire university education. Due to its wide range of locations and heterogeneous student populations, PokJar is established through management partnership that constitutes a governing body that oversees the district-wide operation and the delivery of the continuing education programs. On this optimistic basis, the service provided by PokJar administrators becomes central to optimizing quality education in a learning environment where the administrators and students are physically separated. However, the complexity of PokJar service and administrator performance may link to negative perceptions among students. Recognizing the nature of challenges facing PokJar management is expected to usher in the planning of improvement crucial to organizational development that is effective, efficient, accountable, responsive and transparent. This study taps into the quality service, the competence and performance of PokJar administrators of UPBJJ-UT of Palangka Raya in terms of student-perceived values using PLS-SEM method. The overall results address favorable responses, strongly suggesting a good measure of how PokJar administrators� service, competence and performance meet student expectation.

scholarly journals A Methodology for the Identification and Assessment of the Conditions for the Practice of Outdoor and Sport Tourism-Related Activities: The Case of Northern Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7343
Author(s):  
Goretti Silva ◽  
Alexandra Correia ◽  
Susana Rachão ◽  
Alcina Nunes ◽  
Elvira Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Northern Portugal ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Assessment Matrix ◽  
And Performance

Tourists’ demand for outdoor sport-related activities has been growing in the last decade, leading to the recognition of the outdoor tourism potential of the development of rural and urban areas where the activities could take place. While the literature has recognized this potential, its features and the existing conditions for its practice are often not fully comprehended, mainly due to the lack of measurement systems and performance indicators. This study addresses this gap by proposing a wide-ranging assessment matrix of nine outdoor-related activities, employing northern Portugal as a study area. Based on an exploratory qualitative analysis employing semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders (public, private and third sector), the main contribution of this study lies in the development of the outdoor tourism assessment matrix (OTAM) to collect data. The OTAM matrix aims to identify and assess the conditions, namely the infrastructure and resources, for the practice of outdoor and sport tourism-related activities within the sustainable development pillars. The nine matrices comprising the OTAM allow the identification of the places where the outdoor activities can be practiced, and the conditions under which they can contribute to the definition of the development strategies of outdoor tourism.

scholarly journals Differences in maternal mortality between urban and rural areas: Analysis of  Maternal Mortality based in Jinan, China in 1995- 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Zhang ◽  
Tingting Zhen ◽  
Qinyou Meng ◽  
Shimin Yang ◽  
Jiaxue Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract Background: Although a large number of studies have shown that maternal mortality in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas, few reports discussed about the detailed situation and the behind causes. Here, we summarized the maternal mortality from 1995 to 2018 in Jinan and the reason behind it was deeply discussed. It is expected to reveal the difference and its behind reasons, thus providing a basis for policy makers to develop interventions. Methods: Data about maternal mortality in the selected city from 1995 to 2018 were collected through the local maternal and child health care network. Maternal death age, maternal death delivery location, maternal death location, number of pregnancies, number of deliveries and maternal death causes were analyzed. The composition ratio of above factors were compared in order to indicate the differences between rural areas and urban areas. Results: The study showed that 75.34% of maternal deaths in urban areas occurred in tertiary hospitals, which were 2.13 times higher than that in rural areas(P<0.05). 16.67% of maternal deaths in rural areas delivered in primary hospitals, which were 12.17 times higher than that in urban areas (P<0.05) . The main cause of death in rural areas were attributed to direct obstetrics reasons, which were indirect obstetric reasons for urban areas (P<0.05). There was no difference of maternal deaths in the death age, number of births, and number of pregnancies between rural areas and urban areas.(P>0.05) Conclusion: Policy makers should focus on the construction of medical institutions in rural areas, the improvement of rescue capabilities in rural areas and the convenience of transport in rural areas in order to narrow the gap between rural and urban areas. Key words: Maternal Mortality; Differences between urban and rural areas; China

scholarly journals EMERGING TRENDS FROM INDIGENOUS MUSIC AND DANCE PRACTICES: A GLIMPSE INTO CONTEMPORARY MALENDE AND TSHIGOMBELA

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
N G Mugovhani
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Past Research ◽  
State Function ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Indigenous Music ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Musical Practices ◽  
Concert Halls ◽  
And Performance

Past research into the history, state, function and performance contexts of indigenous African musical practices yielded a number of disturbing observations: there was no hope that the practitioners of this genre would ever begin deriving a living out of their art; there was the fear that some indigenous musical practices were nearing extinction because the few indigenous music practitioners still alive were on the brink of death, and there was therefore a need to capture the heritage before it was irretrievably lost. Lately the world of indigenous African music has undergone an evolution. South Africa’s rapidly changing postcolonial terrain has recently witnessed an upsurge of new stylistic trajectories  in  indigenous  musical  practices  –  nowadays  it  is  arranged  and performed by modern musical ensembles. Popular music which incorporates traditional genres has begun functioning within the socio-cultural and religious lives of Africans today, and it is no longer regarded as ‘foreign’ or alien to concert halls. It is now also frequently encountered in music stores, both in rural and urban areas. the current article traces this new, exciting and rewarding trajectory.

scholarly journals Optimization and Performance Assessment of a Logic Selectivity Solution Based on LoRa Communication

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7359
Author(s):  
Annalisa Liccardo ◽  
Francesco Bonavolontà ◽  
Ignazio Romano ◽  
Rosario Schiano Lo Moriello
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Transmission Protocol ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Optimization And Performance

Ensuring service continuity has become a fundamental issue for companies involved in electricity distribution; in particular, isolating the smallest possible portion of the network as a result of faults has long been a primary objective. To this aim, solutions based on logic selectivity have been defined and implemented for an efficient search for the network branch affected by the fault and its subsequent isolation. The authors have recently presented a proposal for the implementation of logic selectivity that exploits the LoRa transmission protocol, an ideal solution in the case of areas not reachable by the currently exploited communication technologies. The present paper, instead, deals with the optimization of some LoRa parameters, which made it possible to exploit network configurations in terms of coverage range, sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio. The performance of the new configuration has been assessed through a number of tests conducted in the laboratory and on-field, highlighting promising results in terms of both intervention times and reliability. In particular, tests conducted in both rural and urban areas have assured fault isolation times as low as 33 ms (fully compliant with the current regulations) in the presence of the most challenging fault condition.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATING CONSUMERS' ADOPTION OF M-COMMERCE IN EMERGING ECONOMIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (SI-1) ◽  
pp. 231-245
Author(s):  
Dr. Harikishni Nain
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Acceptance Model

Covid-19 pandemic and Internet penetration propelled an unprecedented spike in the adoption of mobile commerce (m-commerce) amongst consumers across the world including emerging economies like India. This paper investigates the antecedents (six observed variables and four moderating factors) of the adoption of m-commerce in India with the help of an extended TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) by making use of primary data collected from 288 consumers residing in different rural and urban areas of Delhi NCR, India. Multiple regression and ANOVA tests were applied on collected data which revealed perceived benefits to be the strongest independent variable having a significant bearing on the adoption of m-commerce along with the consumers’ area of residence. The study results have peculiar implications for consumers, producers, marketers, policy-makers, and the state and central governments.

Management of minor ailments in primary schoolchildren in rural and urban areas

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
J A Cantrill ◽  
B Johannesson ◽  
M Nicholson ◽  
P R Noyce
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
Minor Ailments

Classroom Management

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Elida Kurti
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Management ◽  
General Education ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Intellectual Level

This paper aims to reflect an effort to identify the problems associated with the educational learning process, as well as its function to express some inherent considerations to the most effective forms of the classroom management. Mentioned in this discussion are ways of management for various categories of students, not only from an intellectual level, but also by their behavior. Also, in the elaboration of this theme I was considering that in addition to other development directions of the country, an important place is occupied by the education of the younger generation in our school environments and especially in adopting the methods of teaching and learning management with a view to enable this generation to be competitive in the European labor market. This, of course, can be achieved by giving this generation the best values of behavior, cultural level, professional level and ethics one of an European family which we belong to, not just geographically. On such foundations, we have tried to develop this study, always improving the reality of the prolonged transition in the field of children’s education. Likewise, we have considered the factors that have left their mark on the structure, cultural level and general education level of children, such as high demographic turnover associated with migration from rural and urban areas, in the capacity of our educational institutions to cope with new situations etc. In the conclusions of this study is shown that there is required a substantial reform even in the pro-university educational system to ensure a significant improvement in the behavior of children, relations between them and the sound quality of their preparation. Used literature for this purpose has not been lacking, due to the fact that such problems are usually treated by different scholars. Likewise, we found it appropriate to use the ideas and issues discussed by the foreign literature that deals directly with classroom management problems. All the following treatise is intended to reflect the way of an effective classroom management.

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