scholarly journals Gaming Exercise for Rights-Conversion-Type Urban Redevelopment Project in International Cooperation Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-242
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Kaneda ◽  
Mingji Cui ◽  
Sofia Sahab ◽  
Ahmad Ramin Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Urban Renewal ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Urban Redevelopment ◽  
Background Process ◽  
Implementation Problem ◽  
Basic Performance ◽  
Main Component

Background. The rights conversion is an emerging approach on international cooperation that aims to solve the urban renewal problems in the 21st century. Previous research centred on the development of a rights-conversion-type urban redevelopment project game (URPG) for rights holders considering a project in Japan. Here, we focus on the application of URPG into Kabul City in Afghanistan, being presented with an opportunity for transfer by interuniversity collaboration. We introduce a gaming exercise herein as part of an action research to solve Kabul’s current urban renewal problems. Aim. Our paper is especially focused on the international transfer of the URPG. The content includes the background, process and formalisation of the rights conversion and reports on the outline of the two versions of URPG and a play content analysis of the Kabul version. It also mentions the implications of international differences in social systems highlighted from the episodes of the debriefing. Method. Our action research is evolved from the soft system approach by adding the gaming exercise, which is regarded as its main component. Results. The implications of the action research are summarised as follows: (1) URPG is a game that deals with the core mechanism of the rights conversion. Herein, we confirmed the basic performance of the Kabul version for undergraduate education in specialised courses. (2) Through a debriefing discussion, we revealed the cultural differences for rights notions on lands, which were subsequently taken into the legislative preparation of the rights conversion by the Afghanistan government. (3) Moreover, we revealed that URPG can deal with a project implementation problem in a given case, although the institutional design of the legislative project framework is a significant problem. Thus, a new gaming exercise based on these two-layered formulations is required.

IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERDASARKAN MASALAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS SISWA KELAS IV SDN 169 PEKANBARU

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Erlisnawati ' ◽  
Hendri Marhadi
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Fourth Grade ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Student Activities ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Implementation Problem

The problem in this research was social studies student achievement in fourth grade (IV) SDN 169 Pekanbaru still low with average value 63.88 (with KKM 75). The purpose of this research was to improve the student achievement of the fourth grade (IV) SDN 169 Pekanbaru with the implementation of Problem Based Learning model. This research was classroom action research with two cycles in first semester 2015. Before implementation Problem Based Learning average 63.88, after implementation of Problem Based Learning, UH I was 71.25 that improve 11.54% from before exam with average 61.62. UH II was 80.38 that improve 25.83%. Teacher’s activities with the implementation of Problem Based Learning at first meeting of first cycle was 70% (good category), and second meeting was 80% (good category) that improve 10 point. At second cycle, teacher’s activitiesat first meeting was 90% (very good category) that improve 10 point from second meeting of first cycle. Second meeting of second cycle was 95% (very good category) which improve 5 point. Students activities at first meeting of first cycle was 65% (good category), and second meeting 75% (good category) that improve 10 point. At second cycle, student activities at first meeting was 80% (good category) that improve 5 point from second meeting of first cycle. Second meeting of second cycle was 85% (very good category) which improve 5 point. Implementation of Problem Based Learning model can improvedsocial studies student achievement of fourth grade (IV) SDN 169 Pekanbaru.Keywords: problems based learning, sosial studies student’s achievement

scholarly journals How being appreciative creates change – theory in practice from health and social care in Scotland

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Sharp ◽  
Belinda Dewar ◽  
Karen Barrie ◽  
Julienne Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Change Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Home Life ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Design And Testing

This paper develops understanding of appreciative action research that generates curiosity and motivation as a better platform for collaborative change. Blending theory and practice it draws on the example of the My Home Life leadership programme in Scotland that explores the concepts and approaches of ‘Caring Conversations’ and ‘playful provocation’ in care homes for older people. The paper shows how they expand notions of appreciation and help people to deepen inquiry, explore values, acknowledge and express emotion without dispute or judgement, articulate tacit knowledge and give voice to things previously thought to be ‘unsayable’. We explore how these generative approaches act as a powerful positive ‘disruption’ that brings existing relationships to life, supports a positive attitude to risk-taking and helps to devise new approaches to the local design and testing of approaches to problems. Ultimately these approaches play an important part in developing understanding of how to do appreciative action research to enhance relationships and more strengths or assets-based and collaborative ways of working and so, to develop new possibilities for changing social systems and a more future-making orientation to action research.

Achieving Effective International Cooperation: How Institutional Formalization Shapes Intergovernmental Negotiations

World Affairs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-180
Author(s):  
Hartmut Lenz
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Domestic Constraints ◽  
Negotiation Processes ◽  
Central Argument ◽  
The Impact

This article explores how formalization of institutions and domestic constraints influence the outcomes of international cooperation and negotiation processes—particularly in a regional setting like the European Union (EU) or the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Examining different forms of institutional setup along the formal-informal continuum, this study evaluates their impact on the successes and failures of intergovernmental negotiation processes. While some scholars have been vocal about the importance of institutional setting on negotiation outcomes, there has not yet been any systematic analysis of the impact of institutional variations on the actual negotiation process. This project specifies under what conditions domestic actors constrain governments, and how these conditions depend on institutional structures. I analyze the impact of institutional variations, concentrating on negotiation failure and deadlock situations, to form a framework that can differentiate between various bargaining situations and to understand their impact on the possibility to facilitate successful negotiation outcomes. The central argument highlights the need for more nuanced connections between institutional design, domestic constraints, and the level of formalization to understand the likelihood of success or failure of intergovernmental negotiation processes.

Selling national urban renewal: the National Film Board, the National Capital Commission and post-war planning in Ottawa, Canada

Urban History ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROGER M. PICTON
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Urban Renewal ◽  
Urban Redevelopment ◽  
World War ◽  
Planning Techniques ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Centralized Planning ◽  
National Film Board ◽  
Post War

ABSTRACT:Using film and archival evidence, this article focuses on post-war urban redevelopment in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. During this period, two federal institutions, the National Capital Commission and the National Film Board, worked in tandem to disseminate the promise of post-war urban renewal. Film and planning techniques perfected during World War II would be used to sell national urban renewal to Canadians. Rooted in centralized planning, steeped in militarist rhetoric and embedded in authoritarian tendencies, federal plans for a new modern capital had tragic implications for the marginalized and dislocated residents of the inner-city neighbourhood of LeBreton Flats.

5. Neoliberalism

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Sterling-Folker
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
World Trade ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Principal Agent Theory ◽  
Agent Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Hegemonic Stability

This chapter examines the neoliberalist argument that international institutions promote international cooperation. While neoliberalism acknowledges that cooperation can be difficult to achieve in anarchic conditions, it insists that institutions allow states to overcome a variety of collective action impediments. The central concern of neoliberal analysis is how institutions do so, and how they might be redesigned to more efficiently obtain cooperative outcomes. This chapter considers three questions that are relevant for understanding neoliberal contributions: How did neoliberalism emerge? What are the barriers to international cooperation? How does neoliberalism study international institutions. The chapter uses the World Trade Organization as a case study to illustrate the importance of institutional design for international free trade cooperation. Along the way, various concepts such as interdependence, hegemonic stability, hegemon, bargaining, defection, compliance, autonomy, and principal–agent theory are discussed, along with the game known as Prisoner's Dilemma.

Mediating power? Delegation, pooling and leadership selection at international organisations

2021 ◽  
pp. 136914812199276
Author(s):  
Mirko Heinzel
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Majority Voting ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
Leadership Selection ◽  
Member States ◽  
Power Delegation ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of the executive heads of international organisations represents a key decision in the politics of international organisations. However, we know little about what dynamics influence this selection. The article focuses on the nationality of selected executive heads. It argues that institutional design impacts the factors that influence leadership selection by shaping the costs and benefits of attaining the position for member states’ nationals. The argument is tested with novel data on the nationality of individuals in charge of 69 international organization bureaucracies between 1970 and 2017. Two findings stand out: first, powerful countries are more able to secure positions in international organisations in which executive heads are voted in by majority voting. Second, less consistent evidence implies that powerful countries secure more positions when bureaucracies are authoritative. The findings have implications for debates on international cooperation by illustrating how power and institutions interact in the selection of international organisation executive heads.

scholarly journals From Third World to First World: Law and Policy in Singapore’s Urban Transformation & Integration

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-114
Author(s):  
Eugene Kb Tan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Renewal ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Urban Redevelopment ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Urban Change ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
The Government

AbstractThe physical transformation of a colonial backwater city, Singapore, in one generation has been described as a feat of urban planning, renewal, and development. Less studied is the political will of the government to create a thriving city fit for purpose. Even less studied is the role of law that provides the powerful levers for the rapid and deep-seated changes to the urban landscape in Singapore. In this regard, the mindset shift that accompanied the massive urban transformation has facilitated a national psyche that embraces the material dimension of progress, for which urban renewal is not just a mere indicator but also a mantra for the fledgling nation-state desirous of change as a mark of progress. This essay examines the multi-faceted role of law in undergirding urban planning, policy, and development in Singapore. Rather than just providing a focus on specific laws that enables the government to shape the processes of urban redevelopment, the essay argues that these laws have to be understood within the context of “urban redevelopment pragmatism” in which pragmatism is as much a planning ideology as it is a driver of urban change and renewal. Furthermore, this planning pragmatism, very much mission-oriented towards national goals, has become a potent source of political and performance legitimacy for the ruling People’s Action Party. The legal regime that provided the wherewithal for urban renewal, economic activity, water quality management, and spatial integration of a polyglot society is now being reconfigured for the urgent aspiration of becoming a global city and a smart nation. The essay also considers the limitations to this planning and redevelopment pragmatism, and how the rapid urban change has somewhat enervated the urban heritage and contributed to a weakening of the collective memory of change amid continuity.

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