The Role of Strategic Ambiguity in Moral Injury: A Case Study of Dutch Border Guards Facing Moral Challenges

2019 ◽  
pp. 105649261989269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jori Pascal Kalkman ◽  
Tine Molendijk
Keyword(s):  
Belief System ◽  
Moral Belief ◽  
Moral Injury ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
High Stake ◽  
Strategic Ambiguity ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Widespread Agreement ◽  
Migration Crisis

There is widespread agreement that lower level organizational members face moral challenges because their personal values conflict with organizational directions. Yet we argue that intentional strategic ambiguity, too, may lead to moral challenges, particularly among organizational members operating in high-stake situations. Drawing on interviews with border guards deployed during the European migration crisis, we use vignettes to present two coping strategies. First, members may disengage from moral challenges and redefine their work as a clear-cut duty. Second, they may embrace moral disorientation and conflicts, and follow felt moral obligations. Both may lead to “moral injury.” Moral injury refers to psychological suffering that is engendered by performing, failing to prevent, or falling victim to actions that conflict with one’s moral belief system. We make three theoretical contributions by (a) identifying the roots of moral challenges in strategic decision-making, (b) signaling different coping mechanisms, and (c) challenging pragmatic perspectives on strategic ambiguity.

The importance of a positive moral culture within healthcare organizations

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 293-295
Author(s):  
Nikolija Lukich
Keyword(s):  
Moral Agency ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Moral Belief ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Moral Culture ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Local Healthcare

Organizations possess a moral agency that affects all aspects of the care they provide and reflects the perception of morality within the organization. In practice, the method in which moral agency is applied and maintained within an organization directly influences its moral culture. Organizations function through a series of systems that work dynamically to achieve success. In order to implement the systems effectively, all employees, at every level, are responsible for cooperating and working together to uphold the mission, vision, and values of an organization, thereby contributing to a positive moral culture. Considerations must be made at a high organizational level, as well as at each individual level within an institution. This ensures that at its core, a healthcare organization is considered ethical, and all staff, students, and volunteers within it are acting in accordance with the established moral belief system. By creating and maintaining a positive moral culture, everyone benefits: patients receive effective and compassionate care, employees experience a feeling of pride in their work, and the community being served develops a relationship of trust with their local healthcare institution.

The reflection of negative social phenomena in contemporary opera practice

Human Affairs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Mojžišová
Keyword(s):  
Belief System ◽  
Moral Belief ◽  
Visual Interpretation ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Aesthetic Aspect ◽  
Contemporary Opera ◽  
European Theatre ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractThere are two approaches that dominate contemporary opera performances. The first may be characterised as producing a subtle, aesthetic and stylistic means of expression. The second runs up visual, interpretation and content means to their maximum expressivity and the audience is exposed to violence, sex and experience disgust. This paper analyses specific productions by renowned European theatre and opera directors, in order to shed light on the way in which opera directors cope with the threat of terrorism, sexual violence, and the impact of the mass media upon the moral belief system of modern man. Within the context of the bold productions of European theatre-makers Slovak opera theatre seems conservative, gravitating towards the aesthetic aspect of opera.

scholarly journals KONFIGURASI UNSUR-UNSUR KEBUDAYAAN DALAM BUKU TEKS SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH SESUAI DENGAN KURIKULUM 2008

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Rofik Rofik
Keyword(s):  
Belief System ◽  
Moral Belief ◽  
Content Standards ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Islamic School ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
History Of ◽  
School Curricula ◽  
The Ideal

Nowadays, information and science are abundantly available. Therefore, we need to select the materialswhich are really benefical for student. As one of subjects in the Islamic school curricula, the history ofislamic culture that are in line with the ideal demands, as are formulated in the content standards. Inpractice, the formulation is expressed within textbooks. However, people’s understanding of the subjectof the history of islamic culture is sometimes stigmatized that history of islamic culture materialsshould be the politics. Thus, this study finds its urgency for readers understanding that in accordancewith the 2008 curriculum, the prominent materials are moral, belief system, efforts and habits, insteadof politics.Keywords: Cultural Elements, Textbooks of The History of Islamic Culture.

scholarly journals Disruption of Moral Reasoning and Moral Judgment: Moral Injury and Healing Through Forgiveness

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard La Fleur
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Moral Belief ◽  
Moral Injury ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Moral Structure

Although morality (systemic judgment of determining right or wrong), has been taught, researched and written about over the decades, society has been faced with the challenges of a questionable moral structure and a plethora of moral injuries. This paper reviews current literature and research about moral injury as well as the structure on which morality is founded. Current research shows that one of the consequences of an irreconcilable moral belief is moral injury or a soul injury, (coined by Dr. Marvin Westwood in a recent lecture at St. Thomas University), with symptoms that are similar to PTSD and other mental illnesses or disorders. By focusing on moral injury as a deep psychological and spiritual wound, forgiveness as a theological and spiritual approach, is the most effective framework to address the wound of moral injury.

Pakistan’s Foreign Policy Motivations in Sending Troops Abroad

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tughral Yamin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
International Obligations ◽  
Standing Army

Ever since the establishment of the United Nations Organization (UNO), international community has resorted to peacekeeping operations to bring about peace in global conflict zones. The UN does not have a standing army and therefore it relies on troop contributions from member states for peacekeeping operations. Pakistan has been sending its troops abroad to participate in UN peacekeeping operations since 1960. The decisions to undertake such dangerous assignments are influenced inter alia by factors such as nation’s foreign policy, availability of troops, security concerns, public opinion and the sense of fulfilling international obligations. Arguably, foreign policy motivations in most cases dominate the Pakistani state’s decision to send its soldiers abroad. The underlying strategic decision making process remains the preserve of the official bureaucracy, both civilian and military. Decision making is easy for military governments; difficult in times of weak political governments and an assertive military; and long winded and chaotic when the matter is referred to the parliament. This paper promulgates Pakistan’s foreign policy motivations for providing troops for overseas deployments and reinforces the thesis that states like Pakistan lend their forces for international ventures, when they foresee clear cut strategic advantages.

Competence of Courts in Regard to Non-Sovereign Acts of Foreign States

1941 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
William T. R. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
International Law ◽  
Private Enterprise ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Place ◽  
Sovereign Immunity ◽  
Clear Separation ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Private Activity ◽  
Widespread Agreement

Nineteenth century states exhibited an impressive uniformity in their internal organization. There was widespread agreement as to the “proper” scope of state activity. This clear separation of the spheres of “sovereign” (governmental) and “non-sovereign” (private) activity shaped the development of certain doctrines of international law. The complete jurisdictional immunity granted to foreign sovereigns implicitly, though not explicitly, assumed such a clear-cut distinction. There was little objection to the rule as long as the sovereign rarely “descended into the market-place. ” The original assumption is no longer realistic. Must the courts of foreign states still recognize sovereign immunity in litigation in which the state appears in the sphere formerly reserved to private enterprise?

scholarly journals Management aspects of indigenous lands in environmental conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 894 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
H Thamrin
Keyword(s):  
Political Process ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Moral Belief ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Cultural Management ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Indigenous Lands ◽  
The Right ◽  
Indigenous Land

Abstract This study is intended to analyze the management aspects of indigenous lands in environmental conservation. This research applies qualitative grounded research methods from the sociology-anthropology-ecology—research shop in Riau Province. The results of the study found that many indigenous peoples had lost their indigenous lands and local wisdom. Therefore, to maintain the sustainability of indigenous land conservation, it is necessary to carry out eco-culture management by considering the following points: First, the right to self-determination regarding the cultural identity one has. The second is territorial rights and indigenous land. The third is collective human rights. Fourth is cultural rights. Fifth is the right to adhere to their own religious and moral belief system and values. Sixth is the right not to be discriminated. Seventh is the right to participate fully in the political process. Eighth is the right to obtain compensation for any activities that have a detrimental impact on the environment and social, cultural, spiritual and moral values. This eco-cultural management perspective needs to be implemented in the government’s socio-political policies, people’s economic policies and ecological sustainability policies.

scholarly journals Monitoring & Controlling of Information against Unethical Hacking using Effective Machine Learning Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 944-951
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
High Stake ◽  
Regularization Technique ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Computational Capability ◽  
Criterion Learning ◽  
The Moment

Many services are currently utilizing AI estimates to pick high-stake options. Determining the proper selection unequivocally relies on the rightness of the relevant information. This fact offers encouraging motivators to hackers to attempt to mislead Artificial Intelligence estimations through managing the relevant information that is taken care of to the estimates. But at that point, standard AI computations are certainly not wanted to become protected while encountering surprising details resources. At the moment, deal with the concern of ill-disposed AI; i.e., our experts will most likely generate risk-free AI calculations robust within the attraction of a loud or an adversely managed information. Ill-disposed Artificial Intelligence will be even more screening when the perfect turnout has a mind-boggling framework. At this moment, noteworthy limelight gets on adversarial AI for preparing for organized returns. To begin with, our team build up yet another calculation that dependably carries out accumulated collection, which is an organized expectation concern. Our discovering approach works and also is described as a curved square system. This method is sure about the desire calculation in both the closeness as well as the absence of an opponent. Next off, our team looks into the problem of criterion learning for strenuous, coordinated projection models. This technique develops regularization capacities dependent on the restrictions of the adversary. Now, illustrate that durability to the command of details corresponds to some regularization for a tremendous edge arranged assumption and the other way around.A typical device commonly either requires more computational capability to structure a clear-cut best assault, or it doesn't have adequate records about the trainee's design to accomplish, therefore. Consequently, it routinely tries to use many unnatural changes to the payment to a desire to bring in an accomplishment. This reality advises that on the occasion that our experts confine the usual lousy luck job under ill-disposed commotion, we will get vitality against ordinary opponents. Failure preparing seems like such an outcry mixture circumstance. Our experts calculate a regularization technique for an enormous edge parameter, discovering depending on the failure system. We stretch out dropout regularization to non-straight parts in a handful of oneof-a-kind means. Empirical analyses show that our systems reliably pounded the standards on a variety of datasets. This proposition integrates a recently dispersed and individual coauthored component.

scholarly journals Journalists covering the refugee and migration crisis are affected by moral injury not PTSD

JRSM Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 205427041875901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Feinstein ◽  
Bennis Pavisian ◽  
Hannah Storm
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Health ◽  
Moral Injury ◽  
Poor Control ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Psychometric Measures ◽  
Trauma Response ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Maladaptive Behaviours

Objective To explore the emotional health of journalists covering the migrations of refugees across Europe. Design Descriptive. A secure website was established and participants were given their unique identifying number and password to access the site. Setting Newsrooms and in the field. Participants Responses were received from 80 (70.2%) of 114 journalists from nine news organisations. Main outcome measures Symptoms of PTSD (Impact of Events Scale-revised), depression (Beck Depression Inventory-Revised) and moral injury (Moral Injury Events Scale-revised). Results Symptoms of PTSD were not prominent, but those pertaining to moral injury and guilt were. Moral injury was associated with being a parent ( p = .031), working alone ( p = .02), a recent increase in workload ( p = .017), a belief that organisational support is lacking ( p = .046) and poor control over resources needed to report the story ( p = .027). A significant association was found between guilt and moral injury ( p = .01) with guilt more likely to occur in journalists who reported covering the migrant story close to home ( p = .011) and who divulged stepping outside their role as a journalist to assist migrants ( p = .014). Effect sizes ( d) ranged from .47 to .71. Conclusions On one level, the relatively low scores on conventional psychometric measures of PTSD and depression are reassuring. However, our data confirm that moral injury is a different construct from DSM-defined trauma response syndromes, one that potentially comes with its own set of long-term maladaptive behaviours and adjustment problems.

The joy of obligation: Human cultural worldviews can enhance the rewards of meeting obligations

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma E. Buchtel
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Heritage Culture ◽  
Confucian Heritage Culture ◽  
Cultural Worldviews

Abstract Is it particularly human to feel coerced into fulfilling moral obligations, or is it particularly human to enjoy them? I argue for the importance of taking into account how culture promotes prosocial behavior, discussing how Confucian heritage culture enhances the satisfaction of meeting one's obligations.

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