Effectiveness and Cost-Benefit of an Elementary School-Based Telehealth Program

2021 ◽  
pp. 105984052110699
Author(s):  
Michael W. Long ◽  
Sharon Hobson ◽  
Jacqueline Dougé ◽  
Kerrie Wagaman ◽  
Rachel Sadlon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Program Cost ◽  
School Based ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
School Based Health Centers

Utilization of telehealth in school-based health centers (SBHCs) is increasing rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effect on school absences and cost-benefit of telehealth-exclusive SBHCs at 6 elementary schools from 2015–2017. The effect of telehealth on absences was estimated compared to students without telehealth using negative binomial regression controlling for absences and health suite visits in 2014 and sociodemographic characteristics. The sample included 7,164 observations from 4,203 students. Telehealth was associated with a 7.7% (p = 0.025; 95% CI: 1.0%, 14%) reduction in absences (0.60 days/year). The program cost $189,000/yr and an estimated total benefit of $384,995 (95% CI: $60,416; $687,479) and an annual net benefit of $195,873 (95% CI: −$128,706; $498,357). While this cost-benefit analysis is limited by a lack of data on total healthcare utilization, the use of telehealth-exclusive SBHCs can improve student health and attendance while delivering cost savings to society.

The Effects of Intensive Postrelease Correctional Supervision on Recidivism: A Natural Experiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 088740342199843
Author(s):  
Grant Duwe ◽  
Susan McNeeley
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Intensive Supervision ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
The Impact

In July 2018, the Minnesota Department of Corrections revised the criteria it uses to place soon-to-be-released prisoners on intensive supervision by shifting from mostly offense-based conditions to those based exclusively on risk. In doing so, this policy change provided a unique opportunity to evaluate not only the impact of intensive supervision on recidivism but also whether risk-based policies lead to better outcomes. Using Cox regression and negative binomial regression on a sample of 1,818 persons released in 2018, we found that intensive supervised release (ISR) significantly reduced the hazard for general, felony, and violent reoffending. We also found, however, that ISR significantly increased the risk of a technical violation revocation. The findings from our cost–benefit analysis showed that, despite the relatively high costs it incurred, ISR was a cost-effective intervention because it reduced reoffending for those with a higher risk of committing serious, violent crimes.

scholarly journals Economic Impact and Cost Benefit of the Inpatient Clinical Pharmacist Interventions in Cancer Care Units

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Abushanab ◽  
Amaal Gulied ◽  
Anas Hamad ◽  
Palli Valappila Abdul Rouf ◽  
Moza Al Hail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacist ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background: Clinical pharmacists play a key role in ensuring the optimum use of cancer medicines. Yet, the economic benefit of this role has never been assessed in Qatar. Aim: To evaluate the overall economic impact of clinical pharmacist interventions in the main cancer care setting in Qatar. Methods: From the public healthcare perspective, this was an analysis of the total economic benefit and a cost-benefit analysis of the clinical pharmacy interventions. As a study sample size, patient records in March 2018, July/August 2018, and January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed at the National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Qatar. The total benefit from interventions was the total of the cost avoidance due to preventable adverse drug events (ADEs) plus the cost savings associated with therapeutic interventions. The interventions cost was based on salary and increased cost due to therapeutic interventions. The cost-benefit analysis results were presented via net benefit and benefit‐to‐cost ratio measures. Results : Total of 1,352 interventions occurred during the 3-month follow-up period. The total benefit was QAR 196,010,360 (USD53,834,206), constituting cost avoidance of QAR 194,764,534 (USD 53,492,040) and cost savings of QAR 1,245,826 (USD 342,166), mostly due to recommending additional medications and the medication dose reduction. The benefit-to-cost ratio was 174:1 and the annual net benefit was QAR 779,539,440 (USD 214,100,351). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of results. Conclusion: The clinical pharmacist intervention is a cost-beneficial practice in the NCCCR setting, associated with ADEs prevention and substantial economic benefits, including relative to the interventions cost.

Effect of a Fall Prevention Program on Balance Maintenance Using a Quasi-experimental Design in Real-World Settings

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 827-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Robitaille ◽  
Michel Fournier ◽  
Sophie Laforest ◽  
Lise Gauvin ◽  
Johanne Filiatrault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Fall Prevention Program ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Objectives: To examine the effect of a fall prevention program offered under real-world conditions on balance maintenance several months after the program. To explore the program’s impact on falls. Method: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among community-dwelling seniors, with pre- and postintervention measures of balance performance and self-reported falls. Ten community-based organizations offered the intervention (98 participants) and 7 recruited participants to the study’s control arm (102 participants). An earlier study examined balance immediately after the 12-week program. The present study focuses on the 12-month effect. Linear regression (balance) and negative binomial regression (falls) procedures were performed.falls. Results: During the 12-month study period, experimental participants improved and maintained their balance as reflected by their scores on three performance tests. There was no evidence of an effect on falls.falls. Discussion: Structured group exercise programs offered in community-based settings can maintain selected components of balance for several months after the program’s end.

Medical readiness: evaluating the robustness of medical clinic staffing solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-419
Author(s):  
Michael Q Corpuz ◽  
Christina F Rusnock ◽  
Vhance V Valencia ◽  
Kyle Oyama
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Wait Time ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wait Times ◽  
Staffing Mix

Medical readiness requires Department of Defense medical clinics to be robust to changes in patient demand. Minor fluctuations in patient demand occur on a regular basis, but major increases can also occur. Major demand increases can result from a number of occurrences, including mass military deployments, medical incidents, outbreaks, and overflow from Veterans’ Affairs clinics. This research evaluates a system of clinics at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in order to determine its ability to handle a 200% surge in patient demand. In addition, this study evaluates the relative effectiveness of six different staffing mix options to minimize patient wait times, also under the surge demand conditions. This evaluation is conducted using discrete-event simulation to estimate patient wait times and includes a sensitivity analysis of the increased patient demand, as well as a cost–benefit analysis to determine the most cost-effective alternative scenario. The study finds that adjustments to staffing mix enable cost savings while meeting current demands. In addition, the study finds that adjusting the staffing mix will not have a negative impact on patient wait time in the surge conditions, relative to the current staffing mix.

scholarly journals Cost–effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis of oliceridine in the treatment of acute pain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kit N Simpson ◽  
Michael J Fossler ◽  
Linda Wase ◽  
Mark A Demitrack
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Protein Signaling ◽  
Opioid Receptor Agonist ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
Μ Opioid Receptor ◽  
The Cost

Aim: Oliceridine, a new class of μ-opioid receptor agonist, is selective for G-protein signaling (analgesia) with limited recruitment of β-arrestin (associated with adverse outcomes) and may provide a cost-effective alternative versus conventional opioid morphine for postoperative pain. Patients & methods: Using a decision tree with a 24-h time horizon, we calculated costs for medication and management of three most common adverse events (AEs; oxygen saturation <90%, vomiting and somnolence) following postoperative oliceridine or morphine use. Results: Using oliceridine, the cost for managing AEs was US$528,424 versus $852,429 for morphine, with a net cost savings of $324,005. Conclusion: Oliceridine has a favorable overall impact on the total cost of postoperative care compared with the use of the conventional opioid morphine.

scholarly journals Student Course Evaluations In Traditional And Blended Courses: A Case Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gadis Nowell
Keyword(s):  
Blended Learning ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Course Satisfaction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Traditional Learning ◽  
Net Benefit

It is generally held that blended learning is gaining acceptance and being adopted at college campuses throughout the U.S.  Accompanying this trend has been an expansion of the research efforts in this area. These efforts have been guided mainly by the five pillars of the Sloan Consortium Quality Framework (Sloan-C) and two large questions.    One question is, “Is blended learning better than other learning environments?"   In this study, this question was examined from the perspective of the Sloan-C's student satisfaction pillar.  The research question was stated as follows:  “Is the level of student course satisfaction generated by blended learning higher than that which is generated by traditional face-to-face classroom learning?”  The results of this study revealed "no differences" between blended and traditional learning on the student course satisfaction variable.  In this regard, it is important to note that this finding of "no differences" is consistent with the existing research findings on student learning effectiveness as well.  Given this combined evidential pattern the following question is relevant and has implications for future research efforts in this area:  "Within the context of cost/benefit analysis, why should an institution invest the additional resources needed to effectively implement a blended format when, in accordance with the existing research evidence, there is little or no net benefit in terms of its impact on students; i.e., either in terms of student satisfaction or student learning?".

scholarly journals Cost-benefit analysis of pharmacist interventions over 36 months in a university hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Maurilio de Souza Cazarim ◽  
João Paulo Vilela Rodrigues ◽  
Priscila Santos Calcini ◽  
Thomas Einarson ◽  
Leonardo Régis Leira Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Marginal Cost ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Hospital Perspective ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Tertiary Teaching

OBJECTIVE: To perform a cost-benefits analysis of a clinical pharmacy (CP) service implemented in a Neurology ward of a tertiary teaching hospital. METHODS: This is a cost-benefit analysis of a single arm, prospective cohort study performed at the adult Neurology Unit over 36 months, which has evaluated the results of a CP service from a hospital and Public Health System (PHS) perspective. The interventions were classified into 14 categories and the costs identified as direct medical costs. The results were analyzed by the total and marginal cost, the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and the net benefit (NB). RESULTS: The total 334 patients were followed-up and the highest occurrence in 506 interventions was drug introduction (29.0%). The marginal cost for the hospital and avoided cost for PHS was US$182±32 and US$25,536±4,923 per year; and US$0.55 and US$76.4 per patient/year. The BCR and NB were 0.0, -US$26,105 (95%CI -31,850 – -10,610), -US$27,112 (95%CI -33,160–11,720) for the hospital and; 3.0 (95%CI 1.97–4.94), US$51,048 (95%CI 27,645–75,716) and, 4.6 (95%CI 2.24–10.05), US$91,496 (95%CI 34,700–168,050; p < 0.001) for the PHS, both considering adhered and total interventions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The CP service was not directly cost-benefit at the hospital perspective, but it presented savings for forecast cost related to the occurrence of preventable morbidities, measuring a good cost-benefit for the PHS.

The Illusion of Costs without Benefits

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Michael A. Livermore ◽  
Richard L. Revesz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Executive Order ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Compliance Costs ◽  
The Core ◽  
Trump Administration

The core of the Trump administration’s regulatory agenda is to focus on the costs of regulations while ignoring, trivializing, and mischaracterizing their benefits. The administration has made significant regulatory efforts to delay or repeal important initiatives of the Obama administration designed to protect public health and the environment. In some of these proceedings, the Trump administration has altogether ignored the benefits of the rules it seeks to eliminate or suspend, instead focusing solely on cost savings to regulated industry. For example, Trump’s Executive Order 13,771 directs agencies to control costs and eliminate two regulations for every new one. This one-sided approach makes a mockery of cost-benefit analysis. Saving regulatory costs is attractive only if the benefits forgone as a result of these savings are lower than those costs. A rule that reduces compliance costs by giving up an even larger set of social benefits is hardly an attractive proposition.

scholarly journals Does Car-Sharing Reduce Car-Use? An Impact Evaluation of Car-Sharing in Flanders, Belgium

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8155
Author(s):  
Donald A. Chapman ◽  
Johan Eyckmans ◽  
Karel Van Acker
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Car Ownership ◽  
Car Sharing ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Private Car ◽  
The Impact

Private car-use is a major contributor of greenhouse gases. Car-sharing is often hypothesised as a potential solution to reduce car-ownership, which can lead to car-sharing users reducing their car-use. However, there is a risk that car-sharing may also increase car-use amongst some users. Existing studies on the impacts of car-sharing on car-use are often based on estimates of the users’ own judgement of the effects; few studies make use of quasi-experimental methods. In this paper, the impact of car-sharing on car-ownership and car-use in Flanders, Belgium is estimated using survey data from both sharers and non-sharers. The impact on car-use is estimated using zero-inflated negative binomial regression, applied to matched samples of car-sharing users and non-users. The results show that the car-sharing may reduce car-use, but only if a significant number of users reduce their car-ownership. Policy intervention may therefore be required to ensure car-sharing leads to a reduction in car-use by, for example, discouraging car-ownership. Further research using quasi-experimental methods is required to illuminate whether the promise of car-sharing is reflected in reality.

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