AMA's Drug Information Data Base: Program Capabilities and Opportunities for Clinical Pharmacy

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-64
Author(s):  
Ross H. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy ◽  
Drug Information ◽  
Direct Patient Care ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Therapeutic Class ◽  
On Line ◽  
Consensus Information ◽  
The Impact

The AMA drug information base (AMA-DIB) is reviewed and the impact of computerized drug data bases on the practice of clinical pharmacy is discussed. The AMA-DIB is an on-line data base derived from the fifth edition of AMA Drug Evaluations. Thus, it represents consensus information. The data base consists of individual drug records, pharmacologic class records, and therapeutic class records. It is accessed via commands using keyword searches. Computerized on-line drug data bases will have an impact on the practice of clinical pharmacy. Information resource services will either discontinue or proliferate, depending on the quality of the service and the ability of the directors to adapt to future needs. Patient monitoring services will discover that these data bases allow easier access to more information, but the computer will not be able to transfer the data to direct patient care. Thus, their professional roles will remain intact. Clinical pharmacy researchers, in contrast, will notice little or no impact on their practice.

EDPS of Clinical Case Record and Scientific Document in the Industry Post-Marketing Surveillance of Drugs

1983 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kitaguchi ◽  
T. Nojiri ◽  
S. Suzuki ◽  
T. Fukita ◽  
T. Kawana
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Drug Information ◽  
Case Record ◽  
Post Marketing Surveillance ◽  
Japanese Character ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Post Marketing ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Drug

In order to meet the multifarious needs for drug information and to cope with the post-marketing surveillance of drugs adequately, an on-line drug information network, which is composed of two data bases, clinical case record data base and literature data base, has been developed. Primary considerations in designing these systems were input of clean data, accurate input, insuring that no ADRs are overlooked, accumulation of the latest data, saving manpower required for processing, and processing large quantities of data. This system is also designed to input and to output in Japanese character.

Numeric data bases on‐line

Online Review ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Luedke
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
Distributed Processing ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Textual Information ◽  
Large Data Base ◽  
User Training ◽  
On Line ◽  
Numeric Data

The activities that are at present furthering the visibility of numeric data bases and systems are discussed. A tentative estimate of the numbers of existing numeric data bases and systems in various categories of accessibility (on‐line, batch, and remotely accessible) and availability (public, restricted, and in‐house) is made. Numeric data bases and systems are becoming offered by information retrieval services through many of the channels that made bibliographic and textual information systems successful. These include remote accessibility and marketing by large data base vendors. The user community for numeric data bases is generally more restricted, with the possible exception of business and financial numeric data bases. User training needs are generally greater as well. Numeric data bases may nevertheless reach large user audiences with the advent of distributed processing and, ultimately, data base maps which can automatically locate and link together data bases in many locations.

scholarly journals QUALITY EVALUATION AND SURVEY OF THE ESSENTIAL NEED FOR DRUG INFORMATION CENTERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Ming Ming Wen ◽  
Heba Aref ◽  
Ahmad Abozaid ◽  
Nahla Hesham Kandil ◽  
Yasmin Hussein Elsobky
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Drug Information ◽  
Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Process Stage ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The first objective of this work was to examine the services provided by six drug information centers (DICs) in Alexandria, Egypt. The second objective was to evaluate the quality of the replies to the drug information query. The third objective was to assess the conceptual need of DICs from community pharmacists, other health care professionals and the general public.Methods: This study was conducted through three stages. Stage I was a field survey to assess predefined parameters in the current DICs in Alexandria. Stage II was a retrospective cross-sectional study to assess the quality of the drug information replies through an external expert review process. Stage III was a population survey and thematic analysis using questionnaires and interview recording.Results: Activities of DICs include: DIR answering service (100%), adverse drug reaction reporting (100%), issuing bulletins (83.3%), education (83.3%), drug use evaluation (50%) and participation in P and T committees (33.3%). The most frequent question categories asked were dosing, side effects, treatment guidelines and drug interactions. Half of the DICs were affiliated with hospitals; however, a general lacking confidence level of these DICs on the professionalism and the impact on patient care for the DIC services provided was identified. There was an obvious problem in formatting the ultimate question in a question format rather than a sentence format in all DICs. The most accurately answered request was adverse drug reactions. All surveyed groups considered that it is very important to have a DIC accessible to the community free of charge.Conclusion: It is necessary to establish an university-based DIC to incorporate training, education and research into the existing services. A DIC network with definitive standards of services in the future should provide safe and effective quality-assured pharmaceutical care to meet the needs and expectations of the community and improve its delivery to the public. The results and recommendations of this study can be inspired and generalized to other developing countries that have similar health systems as in Egypt. 

The Impact of Legislation Requiring DNR Orders: New York State Compared with Neighboring States

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Teres ◽  
Keith Boyd ◽  
John Rapoport ◽  
Martin Strosberg ◽  
Robert Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Data Base ◽  
New York State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
York State ◽  
Icu Discharge ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dnr Orders

Decisions to place limitations on the care of patients are complex, and they often involve physicians, other medical professionals, patients, or a surrogate decision-maker, family members, and others. In 1988, the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations (JCAHO) and the New York State government adopted two different approaches to this complex issue of do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders: one involved professional self-regulation, whereas the other mandated a standardized procedure requiring completion of legal documents. This study examines the impact of these two different approaches to writing of DNR orders for adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients on utilization and resulting length of stay. The study used three data bases. One is from a larger study designed to update the Mortality Probability Model (MPM), a measure of severity of illness for ICU patients. This data base includes consecutive admissions to the adult ICUs of four hospitals in the northeastern United States. The second is a similar data base from the European-North American Study of Severity Systems (ENAS), and it includes 20 hospitals. The third data base, a 1991 national survey of ICUs by the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), lists characteristics of patients in ICUs in the United States on a specific day. Logistic regression was used to analyze the first two data bases; the percentage of patients in New York with DNR orders was calculated for each of the three data bases and compared with patients in neighboring states. Length of ICU and hospital stay was measured in the first two data sets. In the MPM data, 14.4% of medical patients in New York had a DNR order written at the time of ICU discharge, compared with 198% of medical patients in Massachusetts; and 4.3% of New York surgical patients had a DNR order written at the time of ICU discharge, compared with 8.3% of surgical patients in Massachusetts. In the ENAS data, 7.4% of New York nonoperative patients has a DNR order in place within 24 hours, compared with 8.4% of such patients in the other states; and 1.0% of New York operative patients had DNR orders, compared with 3–5% of operative patients from other states. Logistic regression revealed that a New York patient was less likely to have a DNR order written than a patient located in one of the other states studied. Data from the SCCM survey demonstrated that the New York percentage of patients with “no CPR” orders was 5.50%, compared with a percentage of 6.87% in other states. With few exceptions, these differences between New York and surrounding states did not have an impact on hospital length of stay. During the period studied following implementation of New York's DNR Law, utilization of DNR orders in New York State was significantly lower than neighboring states. This decreased utilization, however, did not effect hospital utilization as measured through length of stay and ICU admissions.

scholarly journals Respectful Maternity Care Interventions: A Systematic Literature Review.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Lucy Natecho Namusonge ◽  
Jacob Odhiambo Ngachra
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Maternity Care ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Respectful Maternity Care ◽  
Disrespect And Abuse ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
New Born ◽  
The Impact

High maternal and new born mortality remains a pressing problem in developing settings. Poor treatment during childbirth contributes directly and indirectly to this problem at a rate of 82%. Many women experience disrespectful and abusive treatment during childbirth in facilities worldwide which violates their rights to respectful care and a threat to their right to life, health, bodily integrity and freedom from discrimination. Majority of women report to have experienced some form of disrespect and abuse during childbirth. This systematic literature review aimed at reviewing studies on Respectful Maternity Care interventions aimed at promoting Quality of Maternal and New born Care. Objectives were to assess literature on how mothers are treated during childbirth (experience of care/respectful maternity care), to find out the factors contributing to disrespect and abuse during childbirth, to identify strategies for addressing issues affecting respectful maternity care. The literature review employed a quality assessment tool ‘PRISMA’, by the WHO. Eligibility criteria was studies published between 1992 and 2020 in indexed national and international journals in English language focusing on Respectful Maternity Care interventions in promoting Quality of Maternal and New born Care. Literature was reviewed from academic databases, project reports and documents. Electronic searches included reference libraries: PubMed, Cochrane Reference Libraries, google scholar, Medline on Mega scope data bases, CINAHL, Embase data bases and grey literature. Studies meeting the following criteria were included in the review: 1) Respectful Maternity Care; 2) Facilitators to dignity and respect during childbirth; and 3) Quality of Maternal and New born Care (QMNC). Disrespect and abuse appear to be widespread and research and implementation efforts must continue, there is lack of standardized definitions, instruments hence affecting generalizability and comparability, there are no adequate available data to quantify the prevalence of these behaviours. No matter the conceptual framework used in future investigations, studies should seek to accomplish three objectives: (1) to measure the perceived and observed frequencies of mistreatment in maternal health settings, (2) to examine the macro and micro level factors that drive mistreatment, (3) to assess the impact of mistreatment on the health outcomes of women and their new borns, and 4)  to employ mixed method design as an optimal strategy to evaluate mistreatment and include direct observations to bridge the gap between observed measures and participants’ self-reported experiences of mistreatment.

scholarly journals Psychology and hereditary angioedema: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. e1-e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Savarese ◽  
Ilaria Mormile ◽  
Maria Bova ◽  
Angelica Petraroli ◽  
Assunta Maiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hereditary Angioedema ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Trigger Factor ◽  
Type I ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Psychological Data ◽  
Physical Diseases ◽  
The Impact

Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is caused by mutations in the C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) gene Serpin Family G Member 1(SERPING1), which results in either the decreased synthesis of normal C1-INH (C1-INH‐HAE type I) or expression of unfunctional C1-INH (C1-INH‐HAE type II). In recent studies, emotional stress was reported by patients as the most common trigger factor for C1-INH‐HAE attacks. Moreover, patients reported considerable distress over the significant variability and uncertainty with which the disease manifests, in addition to the impact of physical symptoms on their overall quality of life. Objective: We did a systematic review of the literature to shed light on the advancements made in the study of how stress and psychological processes impact C1-INH‐HAE. Methods: All of the articles on C1-INH‐HAE were analyzed up to December 2019. Both medical data bases and psychological data bases were examined. The keywords (KWs) used for searching the medical and psychological data bases were the following: “hereditary angioedema,” “psychology,” “stress,” “anxiety,” and “depression.” Results: Of a total of 2549 articles on C1-INH‐HAE, 113 articles were retrieved from the literature search by using the related KWs. Twenty-one of these articles were retrieved, examined, and classified. Conclusion: Although the literature confirmed that stress may induce various physical diseases, it also warned against making simplistic statements about its incidence that did not take into account the complexity and multicausality of factors that contribute to C1-INH‐HAE expression.

scholarly journals Impact of human capital on sustainable development of Russia in digitalization environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 11038
Author(s):  
Victor Medennikov ◽  
Tatiana Kokuytseva ◽  
Oksana Ovchinnikova ◽  
Alexey Shimansky
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Impact

Studies of human capital at the present stage of human development are extremely relevant, since at present human capital is steadily transforming from a factor of economic development into a target for its sustainable development. The paper proposes the basic tool i.e. a new mathematical model for assessing the impact of human capital on social well-being and development of Russian society. It uses the interdependencies among the criteria of human capital and general development. The tool proposed in paper will be powerful for improving and increasing the quality of human capital, improving the social welfare of society, bringing the most effective innovative solutions to the economy. The Human Capital can be assessed in particular by publications, proceedings, and other types of knowledge representation on the websites. And also all this materials can be automatically placed in other databases, including in Elibrary which can also be a parameter of a model. The assessments of the impact of human capital on social well-being and the development of regions and countries can be obtained automatically on-line.

scholarly journals Haemophilia nursing practice: A global survey of roles and responsibilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Kate Khair ◽  
Mahmoud Abu-Riash ◽  
Ana Claudia Acerbi ◽  
Marlene Beijlevelt ◽  
Georgina Floros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Medical Practitioner ◽  
Direct Patient Care ◽  
Learning Capability ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
On Line ◽  
Nursing Roles ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Haemophilia nursing roles continue to develop alongside nursing as a profession. There are now nurses who practice autonomously, much like a medical practitioner, and many who have extended their roles to deliver direct patient care, education and research. There has been little, if any, comparison with haemophilia nurse roles internationally, nor of the impact of these roles on patient reported outcomes. This paper reports the results of an international survey, of 297 haemophilia nurses from 22 countries, describing current day practice and care. Many nurses work above and beyond their funded hours to improve care through research and evidence-based practice. While some are able to attend international meetings to report and discover this evidence, many due to financial constraints, are not. Others reported difficulty with communicating in English, which limited congress attendance. With on-line learning capability, sharing of best practice is now possible, and this approach should be a platform developed in coming years to further enhance haemophilia nursing practice and ultimately patient care.

scholarly journals Impact of marketing to improve patient access to care and clinic utilization for clinical pharmacy specialists

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Nora Bairagdar ◽  
Ashley Reich ◽  
Jessica Bovio Franck
Keyword(s):  
Access To Care ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Direct Patient Care ◽  
Quality Improvement Initiative ◽  
Pharmacy Services ◽  
Clinical Interventions ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Services ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction This quality improvement initiative aimed to implement a strategy to increase access to care with clinical pharmacy specialists (CPSs), optimize CPS direct patient care activities, and promote clinical pharmacy services. The primary objective was to assess the impact of patient marketing on expanding access to care and clinic utilization in a CPS clinic. Methods A marketing technique was applied by a mental health (MH) CPS to expand clinical pharmacy services. Direct-to-patient brochures advertising MH CPS comprehensive medication management services were placed at the check-in window of an interdisciplinary outpatient MH clinic. Brochure content included a description of an MH team, the role of MH CPSs, and benefits of being managed by MH CPSs. Patients could contact the MH CPS or speak to their primary provider for referral. The preintervention and postintervention evaluation periods were 4-month time frames. Clinic utilization for the MH CPS clinic was compared before and after dissemination of marketing brochures. Additional outcomes evaluated were number of encounters, number of patients seen, and number of clinical interventions completed by the MH CPS. Results There was a significant increase in clinic utilization postintervention. The total number of encounters, patients, and clinical interventions were numerically increased postintervention. Discussion The observed improvements in clinic utilization suggest the benefit of marketing in optimization of access to care in CPS clinics and justification of clinical pharmacy services.

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