Prime Time TV Portrayals of Sex, “Safe Sex” and AIDS: A Longitudinal Analysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 628-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis T. Lowry ◽  
Jon A. Shidler
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Safe Sex ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Substantial Decrease ◽  
Prime Time ◽  
Probability Sample

The primary purpose of this study was to track changes in the numbers and types of sexual behaviors in prime time network TV programs. A probability sample of eighty-eight hours of programs and promos was analyzed for a wide variety of sexual behaviors (verbal, implied, and physical). Contrary to public perceptions, the results indicated a substantial decrease in the hourly rates of sexual behaviors in the programs from fall 1987 to fall 1991.

Sexual Relationship Power and Safe Sex Communication Among Partnered Women in the Dominican Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Heidi Luft ◽  
Weiming Ke ◽  
Lara Trifol ◽  
Mina Halpern ◽  
Elaine Larson
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Safe Sex ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sex Communication ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dominican Women

Introduction: Research is needed to identify influences on safe sex communication among specific culture groups. This study aimed to (1) describe sexual behaviors and indicators of sexual power among partnered Dominican women and (2) identify which of these indicators are significantly associated with safe sex communication. Methodology: Cross-sectional surveys, grounded in the theory of gender and power, were conducted with 100 partnered women at a clinic in southeastern Dominican Republic. Linear regression modeling was used to identify significant associations. Results: Self-efficacy (β = 0.48), total personal monthly income (β = 0.21), and history of sexually transmitted infection (β = 0.19) were significantly associated with higher level of partner safe sex communication. Discussion: Nurse clinicians, educators, and researchers should consider self-efficacy, personal income, and history of sexually transmitted infection when addressing communication in HIV prevention efforts among Dominican women.

scholarly journals Violence in Popular U.S. Prime Time TV Dramas and the Cultivation of Fear: A Time Series Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Romer ◽  
Patrick Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Cultivation Theory ◽  
Prime Time ◽  
Annual Changes ◽  
Perceptions Of Crime ◽  
Tv Shows

Gerbner and Gross’s cultivation theory predicts that prolonged exposure to TV violence creates fear of crime, symptomatic of a mean world syndrome. We tested the theory’s prediction in a time series model with annual changes in violence portrayal on popular US TV shows from 1972 to 2010 as a predictor of changes in public perceptions of local crime rates and fear of crime. We found that contrary to the prediction that TV violence would affect perceptions of crime rates, TV violence directly predicted fear of crime holding constant national crime rates and perceptions of crime rates. National crime rates predicted fear of crime but only as mediated by perceptions of local crime rates. The findings support an interpretation of cultivation theory that TV drama transports viewers into a fictive world that creates fear of crime but without changing perceptions of a mean world.

Psychological Predictors of Sexual Behaviors Related to AIDS Transmission

2001 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Thompson ◽  
Glenn Geher ◽  
Karen F. Stevens ◽  
Samuel T. Stem ◽  
Mary K. Lintz
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Risky Behavior ◽  
Safe Sex ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Sex Behavior ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Sex Communication

This study was designed to assess the differential value of several psychological variables with regard to predicting safe-sex behavior. A sample of 94 male and 179 female undergraduate students, ranging in age from 16 to 66 years, were surveyed about sexual issues related to safe-sex practices. The survey included scales measuring participants' knowledge of transmission of AIDS, self-perception of safe-sex communication, fear and concern about AIDS, attitudes toward AIDS victims, and self-report of risky behavior. Several interesting relationships among predictor variables were found. For instance, favorable attitudes toward AIDS victims were positively correlated with knowledge about AIDS transmission, perceived communication with partners about safe sex, and fear of acquiring AIDS. However, only two predictor variables were independently predictive of self-reports of risky sexual behavior; specifically, fear about AIDS transmission was positively correlated with risky behavior, while communication was negatively correlated with risky behavior. These data suggest a need for a model that allows for complex, reciprocal relationships between the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral components of safe-sex practice. Implications are applied to research with college populations.

Sexual Behaviors, Relationships, and Perceived Health Among Adult Men in the United States: Results from a National Probability Sample

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 291-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Reece ◽  
Debby Herbenick ◽  
Vanessa Schick ◽  
Stephanie A. Sanders ◽  
Brian Dodge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Probability Sample ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
National Probability Sample

scholarly journals Safe sex practices among women who have sex with women in Tanzania: implications for HIV and STIs control among this group

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4210
Author(s):  
Happiness P. Saronga ◽  
Jackline V. Mbishi ◽  
Saidah M. Bakar ◽  
Switbert R. Kamazima ◽  
Saumu K. Shaaban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Safe Sex ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Protective Devices ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Sex Toys

Background: Women who have sex with women (WSW) are at an increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) due to engagement in high-risk sexual behaviors. Safe sex practice is hence critical for the WSW. The aim of the study was to assess safe sex health behaviors and practices among WSW to inform sexual and reproductive interventions targeting this group in Tanzania.Methods: This study was cross-sectional descriptive and retrospective conducted in Dar-es-Salaam region, the largest commercial city in Tanzania. Study population included WSW aged 18 years and above who met inclusion criteria. Data was collected using focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, key informant interviews and life stories. Data analysis applied thematic analysis.Results: Few WSW reported practicing safe sex. WSW used condoms only when engaging in sex with men. Some WSW lacked information on availability of protective devices; while some WSW did not use of protection despite having information on availability of protective devices. Majority of WSW used good hygiene practice (cleaning body, vagina, mouth, and sex toys) before and after sex to prevent transmission of infections; and some WSW used pre- and post- exposure prophylaxes. Low access and high cost of protective devices, being in a monogamous relationship, low health risk perception, fear of developing cancer from using lubricants, and advise from health worker against using lubricants, were reasons given by WSW for not practicing safe sex.Conclusions: Given the current evidence of overlap between the homosexual and heterosexual populations in STI transmission, comprehensive education on potential routes of STI transmission among WSW is critical.

scholarly journals Bare Strength: representing veterans of the desert wars in US media

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Pitchford-Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Iraq War ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Prime Time ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Afghanistan War ◽  
Television Show ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
Close Textual Analysis ◽  
Iraq Wars ◽  
The Media

Until recently injured veterans of the Afghanistan War (2001–present) and the Iraq War (2003–2011) were significantly absent in US media. However, veterans are becoming increasing visible in mainstream US media. This article suggests that the initial reluctance to represent injured veterans stemmed from the deep-rooted governmental and military need to reinforce the ideology of a masculinised US identity. American masculinity relies on the preservation of the hyper-masculine ‘all American hero’, hence the previous invisibility of injured or ‘damaged’ veterans in the media. However, the new wave of veteran images which is rapidly coming to the fore in US media indicates a shift in public perceptions of veterans. The central focus of the article is the recent increase in the visibility of veterans in US media, with veteran Noah Galloway featuring on prime time television show Dancing with the Stars, and photographer Michael Stokes’ photobook and online projects Bare Strength and Always Loyal featuring injured veterans of the Afghanistan and Iraq wars. While increasing the visibility of veterans in the media is commendable, Dancing with the Stars’ and Stokes’ representations present their own difficulties in terms of the narratives used by each to depict the veterans. Through a close textual analysis, this article examines how representations of injured veterans in US media have been transformed, explores the reasons for this shift and identifies the potential problems with the more recent depictions.

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