scholarly journals An Intergenerational Women’s Empowerment Intervention to Mitigate Domestic Violence

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suneeta Krishnan ◽  
Kalyani Subbiah ◽  
Sajida Khanum ◽  
Prabha S. Chandra ◽  
Nancy S. Padian
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Domestic Violence Prevention

A growing body of literature has documented the global prevalence of domestic violence against women of reproductive age as well as the association between violence and an array of adverse reproductive, psychosocial, and child health outcomes . However, there is a dearth of research on domestic violence prevention interventions in the peer-reviewed literature to guide program planning and policy-making efforts. In this article, the authors describe the development and assessment of the feasibility, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of an intergenerational women’s empowerment-based intervention to mitigate domestic violence and related adverse health outcomes in low-income urban communities in Southern India.

scholarly journals Nutritional outcomes of empowerment and market integration for women in rural India

Food Security ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1243-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumya Gupta ◽  
Vidya Vemireddy ◽  
Prabhu L. Pingali
Keyword(s):  
Market Integration ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract Over half of all women of reproductive age are affected by anaemia in India. In this paper we study the role that both household market integration and women’s empowerment in agriculture can play in determining women’s dietary diversity. Our analysis is based on primary data from 3600 households across India on agriculture, nutrition and anthropometric outcomes. We account for market integration by way of per capita household purchases (quantity) of cereals and non- cereal food groups, such as pulses, meat/ fish/ poultry, fruits and vegetables, eggs and dairy. We construct an adapted version of the Abbreviated Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (A-WEAI) that is context- specific and agriculture- oriented. After controlling for individual, household and village- level explanatory factors, we find that – for a given level of per capita market purchases – women who are empowered in their agricultural decisions have significantly higher dietary diversity scores relative to women who are disempowered of such decisions. More specifically it is women’s empowerment in two areas: input in production decisions and membership in self- help groups that supports this result. Women’s empowerment also enhances dietary diversity in the presence of disaggregated per capita purchases of non-cereals such as pulses, meat, dairy and eggs. This highlights the importance of reorienting India’s agricultural price and procurement policies beyond staple grains to ensure better dietary diversity.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of domestic violence in a resettlement colony of union territory of Chandigarh, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 3079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenal M. Thakare ◽  
Ravleen K. Bakshi ◽  
Purushottam A. Giri ◽  
M. K. Sharma ◽  
N. K. Goel
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Culture Of Silence

Background: Domestic violence is not just a problem of the lower and middle classes. Domestic violence is a pervasive problem in India that cuts across age, education, social class and religion. Present study was done with the objectives to study the prevalence of domestic violence issue; to measure different types of domestic violence (i.e. physical, sexual and emotional) ; and to assess the correlation of different socioeconomic factors with occurrence of domestic violence in rural field practice area of Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in rural field practice area amongst 800 women of reproductive age group by interview technique after obtaining an informed consent from. The questionnaire was based upon National Family Health Survey-3 questionnaire. The data was fed in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using Epi Info statistical software.Results: The prevalence of any type of domestic violence was 17.75%. Most common type of violence was humiliation, followed by physical violence in the form of slap (14.5%), twist, push, punch and kick. More severe forms like burns, dislocation, cuts were low (1.75%). The prevalence of sexual violence was found to be 1%. Domestic violence was associated with illiteracy in women (p=0.001), low income of women (p<0.001), reserved category of family (p<0.001), alcohol consumption in husband (p<0.001), low income or unemployed husband (p<0.001). No association of domestic violence was found with unemployment in women and illiteracy in husband.Conclusions: It needs more education, empowerment and sensitization in both men and women to change the patriarchal nature of Indian society and to break the culture of silence and tolerance against such heinous crime of inhumanity. 

scholarly journals Men’s Attitude Towards Contraception and Sexuality, Women’s Empowerment, and Demand Satisfied for Family Planning in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Mejía-Guevara ◽  
Beniamino Cislaghi ◽  
Gary L. Darmstadt
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
The Right

Whilst the prevalence of unmet need and contraceptive use remained unchanged for 10 years (between 2005–2015) in India, gender restrictive norms and power imbalances also have persisted, preventing married women from meeting their family planning desires. Data for this study are from the 2015–6 National Family Household Survey, which contains information on fertility preferences and family planning for women in reproductive age. As a proxy for men’s attitudinal norms, we aggregated men’s perceptions regarding contraception (contraception is women’s business, women who use contraception may become promiscuous) and control over their wife (if his wife refuses to have sex, men have the right to deny financial support, have sex with another woman, or beat wife) at district level. Using a three-level random intercepts model, we assessed individual and contextual-level associations of men’s attitudinal norms and met need for contraception among sexually active women (aged 15–49) with any demand for family planning, while adjusting for women’s empowerment indicators [education, job status, and adult marriage] and individual demographic factors. Our results indicate that men’s attitudinal norms are negatively associated with women’s contraceptive use; for instance, a 1 standard deviation increase in the proportion of men who believe that contraception is women’s business was associated with a 12% reduced likelihood of contraceptive use (OR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.82–0.95). Similar associations remained or were stronger after considering only modern methods, or when excluding female sterilization. Furthermore, our contextual effects analysis revealed that women’s higher education or wealth did not improve contraceptive uptake in communities with strong attitudinal norms, but working women or women married as children were more likely to use contraception in those communities. Our results suggest that men’s attitudinal norms may be dominating over women’s empowerment regarding family planning choices among reproductive age women. However, employment appeared to play a strong protective role associated with women’s contraceptive use. It is important for programs seeking to transform gender equality and empower women in making contraceptive choices to consider women’s employment opportunities and to also address male attitudinal norms in the context of the ecosystem in which men and women coexist and interact.

scholarly journals Determinants of Women’s Empowerment in Pakistan: Evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys, 2012–13 and 2017–18

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safdar Abbas ◽  
Noman Isaac ◽  
Munir Zia ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Multivariable Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariable Regression

Abstract Background: Women’s empowerment has always remained a contested issue in the complex socio-demographic and cultural milieu of Pakistani society. Women are ranked lower than men on all vital human development indicators. Therefore, studying various determinants of women’s empowerment is urgently needed in the Pakistani context.Methods: The present study empirically operationalized the concept of women’s empowerment and investigated its determinants through representative secondary data taken from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys, 2012–13 and 2017–18. The study used simple binary logistic and multivariable regression analysis. Results: The results of the binary logistic regression highlighted that almost all of the selected demographic, economic, social, and access to information variables were significantly associated with women’s empowerment (p<0.05) in both PDHS datasets. In the multivariable regression analysis, the adjusted odds ratios highlighted that reproductive-age women in higher age groups, having children, with a higher level of education and wealth index, involved in skilled work, who were the head of household, and had access to information were reported to be more empowered. Conclusions: Women’s empowerment is determined by a number of social, economic, demographic, and other factors. The study proposes some evidence-based policy options to improve the status of women in Pakistan.

Inflammasomes in the Pathophysiology of Maternal Obesity: Potential Therapeutic Targets to Reduce Long-Term Adverse Health Outcomes in the Mother and Offspring

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Padma Murthi ◽  
Gayathri Rajaraman
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

: Over the past 20 years, the prevalence of obesity has risen dramatically worldwide, with an increase in occurrence among women in their reproductive age. Obesity during pregnancy is associated with significantly increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. In addition to the short-term adverse health outcomes, both mother and the child are prone to develop cardiovascular, metabolic and neurological disorders. Although associations between obesity during pregnancy and adverse maternalfetal health outcomes are clear, the complex molecular mechanisms underlying maternal obesity remain largely unknown. This review describes multimeric self-assembling protein complexes, namely inflammasomes, as potential molecular targets in the pathophysiology of maternal obesity. Inflammasomes are implicated in both normal physiological and in pathophysiological processes that occur in response to an inflammatory milieu throughout gestation. This review highlights the current knowledge of inflammasome expression and its activity in pregnancies affected by maternal obesity. Key discussions in defining pharmacological inhibition of upstream as well as downstream targets of the inflammasome signaling cascade; and the inflammasome platform, as a potential therapeutic strategy in attenuating the pathophysiology underpinning inflammatory component in maternal obesity are presented herein.

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