scholarly journals The Effects of Inattentiveness and Hyperactivity on Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms: Does a Diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Matter?

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1246-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Adams ◽  
Thomas Adams ◽  
Kirstin Stauffacher ◽  
Howard Mandel ◽  
Zhewu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Lability ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Stress Symptoms

Objective: To address the nature of associations between ADHD symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) psychopathology in adult military veterans. Method: Ninety-five combat veterans, with PTSD ( n = 63) and without PTSD ( n = 32), were recruited for this study. PTSD was assessed with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and ADHD was assessed with Connors’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale−Self-Report: Short Version (CAARS-S:S). Results: PTSD participants endorsed greater hyperactivity or restlessness, inattention or memory problems, and impulsivity or emotional lability scores than participants without PTSD. Among PTSD participants, inattention or memory problems and impulsivity or emotional lability were significant predictors of total PTSD symptoms, but only inattention or memory problems significantly predicted PTSD symptoms when other ADHD symptom clusters were considered simultaneously. Conclusion: Our data suggest that inattention may serve as a risk factor for posttraumatic stress symptoms following combat exposure.

Quetiapine Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1875-1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Pirzada Sattar ◽  
Bernadette Ucci ◽  
Kathleen Grant ◽  
Subhash C Bhatia ◽  
Frederick Petty
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
English Language ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
First Case

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of improvement in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after adjunctive therapy with quetiapine. CASE SUMMARY: A 49-year-old white man witnessed a traumatic event and experienced severe PTSD. He was started on paroxetine, with increases in dosage and no significant improvement. Quetiapine was added to his regimen, with increased doses resulting in improvement of PTSD symptoms, both clinically and as measured on the Hamilton-D rating scale for depression and the clinician-administered PTSD screen. DISCUSSION: This is the first case published in the English language literature describing improvement in PTSD symptoms after treatment with quetiapine. There are several treatment options for PTSD, but some severe cases may require treatment with antipsychotic medications. Because of the lower risks of serious adverse effects, the newer atypical antipsychotics are much safer than the older antipsychotics. Although use of risperidone and olanzapine in the successful treatment of PTSD has been reported in the literature, there are no reports of quetiapine use in this clinical condition. CONCLUSIONS: Quetiapine appeared to improve clinical signs and symptoms of PTSD in this patient. It may be a treatment option in other severe cases of PTSD.

Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in a Population of Rural Children in South Africa

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 646-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Age Range

The purpose of the study was to identify exposure to experiences such as violence and the consequences for health in children in a rural South African community. The stratified random sample included 148 children below 17 yr., which comprised 68 (46%) boys and 80 (54%) girls in the age range of 6 to 16 years ( M = 12.1 yr., SD = 3.1). Their ethnicity was Northern Sotho. The interviews included the Children's Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Inventory and the Reporting Questionnaire for Children. The experiences could be grouped into either traumatic or other events. 99 (67%) had directly or vicariously experienced a traumatic event which included witnessing someone killed or seriously injured, serious accident, violent or very unexpected death or suicide of loved one, sexual abuse or rape of relative or friend, violent crime, child abuse, and other life-threatening situations. Scores on the Children's Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Inventory of 17 (8.4%) fulfilled the criterion for posttraumatic stress disorder. 71% had more than one score and 53% had more than four scores on the Reporting Questionnaire for Children. Posttraumatic stress symptoms were significantly related to age and experiences such as those mentioned above.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Is Highly Comorbid With Adult ADHD in Alcohol Use Disorder Inpatients

2020 ◽  
pp. 108705472090336
Author(s):  
Hussein El Ayoubi ◽  
Paul Brunault ◽  
Servane Barrault ◽  
Damien Maugé ◽  
Grégoire Baudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Lifetime Trauma ◽  
Ptsd Severity

Objective: Increasing number of studies show an association between adult ADHD (a-ADHD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We explored this association in alcohol use disorder (AUD) inpatients. Method: In total, 551 inpatients cross-sectionally completed self-administered questionnaires regarding sociodemographics, lifetime trauma exposure, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), and Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS). We considered self-reported a-ADHD when ASRS and WURS had significant scores. Results: Prevalence for a-ADHD was 20%. PTSD prevalence was higher in a-ADHD patients (84% vs. 40%; p < .001). They also were younger ( p < .001) and women ( p = .015). Adult ADHD was associated with more traumatic events, and symptoms were correlated with PTSD severity. After adjusting for age, gender and marital status, PTSD severity was associated with a-ADHD. Conclusion: Our study confirms that a-ADHD is associated with PTSD in AUD inpatients, and thus, may represent a specific subpopulation. Future studies should explore implication of this dual diagnosis on AUD and treatment outcome.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Posttransplant Children: Creating a Clinical Program to Address Their Needs

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukru Emre
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Newyork City ◽  
Stress Symptoms

AbstractPosttraumatic stress symptoms have been shown to occur in pediatric and adult solid-organ transplant recipients. The presence of these symptoms is associated with non-adherence to medications, increased distress, and poor outcome. Because posttraumatic stress disorder is treatable and because a transplant operation usually is an “anticipated trauma,” it is possible to address posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in transplant recipients and attempt to prevent their development. Under my direction, the pediatric liver transplant program at Mount Sinai Medical Center in NewYork City created research and clinical programs to address posttraumatic stress symptoms and their consequences. Specifically, the focus on non-adherence to immunosuppressive medications in transplant recipients who are distressed and their parents. This article begins with a review of the data that led to the decision to start these programs. I then present the basic elements that are in place, in this particular program, to address patients' needs. I end this review with preliminary outcome data that illustrate the potential impact of such an integrated approach to patient care on medical outcomes.

scholarly journals A Cross-sectional Study of Mental Health, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Post Exposure Changes in Norwegian Ambulance Personnel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn Ole Reid ◽  
Lars Eide Næss-Pleym ◽  
Karin Elvenes Bakkelund ◽  
Jostein Dale ◽  
Oddvar Uleberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Ambulance Personnel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Symptoms

Abstract Background Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has been shown to be elevated among first responders (Emergency Medical Services, fire service, police force) compared to the general population. Examining the prevalence of mental health issues in a work force with an elevated occupational risk is fundamental towards ensuring their wellbeing and implementing safeguard measures. The goal of this study is therefore to report the prevalence of depression, anxiety, posttraumatic development, and PTSD in Norwegian ambulance personnel. Methods This study is a cross-sectional, anonymous, web-based survey (Questback®), performed among operative personnel employed in the Emergency Medical Services in the Regional Health Trust of Central Norway between 18. February and 9. April 2021. The study was sent to 1052 eligible participants. Questions reported demographic data, a traumatic events exposure index, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (Depression), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale, Posttraumatic symptom scale (PTSD) and Posttraumatic change scale. Results The response rate in this study was 45.5 % (n=479/1052). The mean age of respondents was 37.1 years (std. 11.1) and 52.8 % (n=253) were male. Of the respondents, 80.6% (n=386) were married or had a partner, and 91.6% (n=439) reported having access to a peer support programme, with 34.9% (n=167) reporting that they had utilized peer support. In this study, 5 % (n=24) showed a prevalence of manifest posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, while 8.6 % (n=41) reported moderate to severe depression and 2.9 % (n=14) presented moderate to severe symptoms of general anxiety. Of the respondents, 77.2 % (n=370) reported personal growth because of their work experiences. Conclusions This study indicates that Norwegian ambulance personnel report a prevalence of posttraumatic stress symptoms and depression, which is slightly higher for men, and lower for the female proportion in this study, when compared to an adult Norwegian population. The vast majority of respondents reported personal growth because of their work experience, and both the degree of peer support and having a partner seem to influence levels of posttraumatic stress and -development.

scholarly journals Acute White Matter Integrity Post-trauma and Prospective Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carissa N. Weis ◽  
Ashley A. Huggins ◽  
Tara A. Miskovich ◽  
Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald ◽  
Kenneth P. Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
White Matter Tracts

Background: Little is known about what distinguishes those who are resilient after trauma from those at risk for developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous work indicates white matter integrity may be a useful biomarker in predicting PTSD. Research has shown changes in the integrity of three white matter tracts—the cingulum bundle, corpus callosum (CC), and uncinate fasciculus (UNC)—in the aftermath of trauma relate to PTSD symptoms. However, few have examined the predictive utility of white matter integrity in the acute aftermath of trauma to predict prospective PTSD symptom severity in a mixed traumatic injury sample.Method: Thus, the current study investigated acute brain structural integrity in 148 individuals being treated for traumatic injuries in the Emergency Department of a Level 1 trauma center. Participants underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging 2 weeks post-trauma and completed several self-report measures at 2-weeks (T1) and 6 months (T2), including the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-V (CAPS-5), post-injury.Results: Consistent with previous work, T1 lesser anterior cingulum fractional anisotropy (FA) was marginally related to greater T2 total PTSD symptoms. No other white matter tracts were related to PTSD symptoms.Conclusions: Results demonstrate that in a traumatically injured sample with predominantly subclinical PTSD symptoms at T2, acute white matter integrity after trauma is not robustly related to the development of chronic PTSD symptoms. These findings suggest the timing of evaluating white matter integrity and PTSD is important as white matter differences may not be apparent in the acute period after injury.

E-CONSALTING BY TELEPSYCHIATRIC SERVICES AND WAR RELATED POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER

Psymedica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Stojaković ◽  
Bogdan Stojaković
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Syndrome ◽  
Stress Syndrome ◽  
Wide Range

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study was examination e-consalting by Telepsychiatry of war related posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD),METHODS; Patients with PTSD have different symptoms.The authors' objective is to analize component of symptoms in PTSD.The subjects were 180 male psychiatric patients by Telepsychiatry and e-consulting with war relatedPTSD by videoconferencing via broadband ADSL by 2 Mbps. Posttraumatic stress syndrome-PTSSscale and 20-item.Zung self-rating scale was used to assess state measures of symptom severity,RESULTS: The symptoms of prolonged PTSS (posttraumatic stress syndrome) with duration betweensix moths and two years had been founded at 138 (76,7 %) and 42 (23,3 %) of patients had no PTSS:symptoms of depression had been found at 148 (82,2 %) patients. The enduring personality exchangeafter catastrophic expiriense (P62.0), had been found at 25 (13,8 %) patients (P< 0,01); symptoms ofdepression had been found at 61 (33.8 %) patients after two years,CONCLUSIONS: Evolution of PTSD symptoms and continued examination and follow-up by Telepsychiatry service and e-consalting may be important in predicting the eventual development ofdepressive symptoms and precipitation of F 62.0 enduring personality exchange after catastrophicexperience in the war related PTSD. Consequently.Telepsychiatry service and e-consalting it is able toserve not only PTSD but also wide range of other patient.

Chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Family Functioning of Vietnam Veterans and Their Partners

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 765-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette Evans ◽  
Tony Mchugh ◽  
Malcolm Hopwood ◽  
Carol Watt
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Vietnam Veterans ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Statistical Program

Objective: This study examines the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), in terms of the three main symptom clusters (intrusion, avoidance and arousal), and the self-report of family functioning of Vietnam veterans and the self-report of family functioning of their partners. A second objective was to determine if depression, anger and alcohol abuse mediated between PTSD symptoms and family functioning. Method: Vietnam veterans and their partners completed a series of questionnaires as part of their participation in the inpatient and outpatient PTSD treatment program, in the Veterans Psychiatry Unit, at the Austin and Repatriation Hospital. Results: Data from 270 veterans and partners were used in the final analyses. The PTSD subscales were initially correlated with family functioning for veterans and family functioning for partners. Then two path diagrams were constructed and analyzed using the statistical program AMOS to test for mediating effects between PTSD symptoms and family functioning. For veterans there were significant initial correlations with all three subscales of the PTSD measure. In the path analysis when the mediating variables were included only the avoidance subscale of the PTSD measure remained directly associated with family functioning. The arousal PTSD subscale was mediated by anger. The measures of depression and anger were significantly associated with poor family functioning and the anger and the avoidance subscales were significantly associated with depression. In the second set of analyses conducted on data from partners, the PTSD symptoms of avoidance and arousal were initially correlated with family functioning. When the test for mediation was conducted none of the PTSD subscales remained associated with partners' self-report of family functioning. Posttraumatic stress disorder arousal and alcohol abuse were mediated by anger for partners' self-report of family functioning. Conclusions: Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms of avoidance for veterans, and comorbid symptoms of anger and depression for veterans, and anger on its own for partners appear to be important in the self-report of family functioning. These findings suggest that veterans and their partners have similar difficulties as couples with distressed relationships in the community.

Intervening on Persistent Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Rumination-Focused Cognitive and Behavioral Therapy in a Population of Young Survivors of the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Sezibera ◽  
Nady Van Broeck ◽  
Pierre Philippot
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Young Survivors ◽  
Cognitive And Behavioral Therapy

This study assessed the outcome of a brief rumination-focused cognitive and behavioral intervention in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among Rwandan adolescent survivors of the 1994 genocide. All participants (54.5% female, N = 22) aged between 15 and 18 years (M = 16.55, SD = 0.96) met criteria for PTSD as assessed by the PTSD self-rating scale (UCLA PTSD index). Measures included questionnaires assessing PTSD, depression, and somatization. Data were obtained at four points: (1) 11 years after the genocide (baseline), (2) 13 years after the genocide (pretreatment), (3) posttreatment (2 weeks after the treatment), and (4) follow-up (2 months after the treatment). PTSD symptoms increased between baseline and pretreatment. The intervention was associated with a reduction in PTSD symptoms, with gains maintained at follow-up.

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